varnish状态引擎详解

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配置说明
Node1：varnish服务端，IP：192.168.1.131        CentOS7.2
Node2: 测试客户端          IP：192.168.1.132 CentOS7.2

1、安装varnish服务
安装varnish
[iyunv@Node1 ~]# yum -y install varnish                #需要EPEL源
[iyunv@Node1 ~]# cd /etc/varnish/
[iyunv@Node1 varnish]# vim varnish.params
[iyunv@Node1 varnish]# vim default.vcl
修改
        .host = "127.0.0.1";                #约17行
为
        .host = "192.168.1.132";
修改
           .port = "8080";                        #约18行
为
           .port = "80";
[iyunv@node1 ~]# systemctl start varnish.service           

2、准备客户端
[iyunv@Node2 ~]# yum -y install httpd
[iyunv@Node2 ~]# for i in {1..10};do echo "Page $i on Web1" > /var/www/html/test$i.html;done
[iyunv@Node2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

3、测试
在浏览器打开
http://192.168.1.131:6081/test1.html

[iyunv@node1 ~]# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082


测试1
[iyunv@node1 ~]# cd /etc/varnish/
[iyunv@node1 varnish]# cp default.vcl test.vcl
[iyunv@node1 varnish]# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_recv添加如下内容（约26行左右）
    if (req.method == "PRI") {
        /* We do not support SPDY or HTTP/2.0 */
        return (synth(405));
    }   

    if (req.method != "GET" &&
      req.method != "HEAD" &&
      req.method != "PUT" &&
      req.method != "POST" &&
      req.method != "TRACE" &&
      req.method != "OPTIONS" &&
      req.method != "DELETE") {
        /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */
        return (pipe);
    }   

    if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") {
        /* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */
        return (pass);
    }   
    if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) {
        /* Not cacheable by default */
        return (pass);
    }   
    return (hash);


[iyunv@node1 ~]# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082
vcl.load test1 test.vcl
200        
VCL compiled.

vcl.list
200        
active          0 boot
available       0 test1

vcl.use test1
200        
VCL 'test1' now active

vcl.show test1
200      

测试2       
[iyunv@node1 varnish]# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_deliver（约60行左右） 段添加如下内容：
    if (obj.hits>0) {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT";
    } else {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS";
    }   

[iyunv@node1 ~]# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082       
vcl.load test2 test.vcl
200        
VCL compiled.

vcl.use test2
200        
VCL 'test2' now active       

测试结果

[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
Page 5 on Web1
[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test5.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:36:31 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32784 13
Age: 35
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT
Connection: keep-alive

总结：由于该网页之前被访问过，故X-Cache的值为HIT

[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test6.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:37:56 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32786
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: MISS
Connection: keep-alive

总结：由于该网页之前未被访问过，故X-Cache的值MISS

[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test6.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 13:37:56 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 15 32787
Age: 25
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT
Connection: keep-alive

总结：网页被访问过后，X-Cache的值就变为HIT

测试3（引入变量）
[iyunv@node1 varnish]# vim test.vcl
在sub vcl_deliver（约65行左右） 段添加如下内容：
    if (obj.hits>0) {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "HIT from " + server.ip;
    } else {
        set resp.http.X-Cache = "MISS from " + server.ip;
    }

[iyunv@node1 ~]# varnishadm -S /etc/varnish/secret -T 127.0.0.1:6082               
vcl.load test3 test.vcl
200        
VCL compiled.
vcl.use test3
200        
VCL 'test3' now active

[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test7.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 14:09:05 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 32789
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: MISS from 192.168.1.131
Connection: keep-alive


[iyunv@node3 ~]# curl -I http://192.168.1.131:6081/test7.html
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Sat, 10 Sep 2016 14:09:05 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS)
Last-Modified: Fri, 09 Sep 2016 09:55:12 GMT
ETag: "f-53c102475b461"
Content-Length: 15
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
X-Varnish: 17 32790
Age: 33
Via: 1.1 varnish-v4
X-Cache: HIT from 192.168.1.131
Connection: keep-alive