saltstack grains

jtyhrew222 · 发表于 2017-2-21 09:32:22

1、什么是Grains
Grains是SaltStack的一个组件，存放着minion启动时收集的底层系统的静态信息。Grains是存储在minion端的，当minion启动时，会进行Grains的采集工作，然后保存下来。在以后的生命周期（再次重启minion，会重新收集）是不会发生变化的，所以是静态数据。Grains中包含诸如运行的内核版本、操作系统、CPU个数、内存、物理设备型号等信息。
数据采集更新方式：Minion启动时收集，也可以使用saltutil.sync_grains

2、Grains的应用场景
Grains可以在state系统中使用，用于配置管理模块。
Grains可以target中使用，在用来匹配Minion，比如匹配操作系统，使用-G选项。
Grains可以用于信息查询，Grains保存着收集到的客户端的详细信息。

3、Grains常用操作
a、列出Minion上所有可用的grains的名称

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[iyunv@master ~]# salt '*' grains.ls
node02.saltstack.com:
- SSDs
- biosreleasedate
- biosversion
- cpu_flags
- cpu_model
- cpuarch
- domain
- fqdn
- fqdn_ip4
- fqdn_ip6
- gpus
- host
- hwaddr_interfaces
- id
- init
- ip4_interfaces
- ip6_interfaces
- ip_interfaces
- ipv4
- ipv6
- kernel
- kernelrelease
- locale_info
- localhost
- lsb_distrib_codename
- lsb_distrib_id
- lsb_distrib_release
- machine_id
- manufacturer
- master
- mdadm
- mem_total
- nodename
- num_cpus
- num_gpus
- os
- os_family
- osarch
- oscodename
- osfinger
- osfullname
- osmajorrelease
- osrelease
- osrelease_info
- path
- productname
- ps
- pythonexecutable
- pythonpath
- pythonversion
- saltpath
- saltversion
- saltversioninfo
- selinux
- serialnumber
- server_id
- shell
- virtual
- zmqversion
node01.saltstack.com:
- SSDs
- biosreleasedate
- biosversion
- cpu_flags
- cpu_model
- cpuarch
- domain
- fqdn
- fqdn_ip4
- fqdn_ip6
- gpus
- host
- hwaddr_interfaces
- id
- init
- ip4_interfaces
- ip6_interfaces
- ip_interfaces
- ipv4
- ipv6
- kernel
- kernelrelease
- locale_info
- localhost
- lsb_distrib_codename
- lsb_distrib_id
- lsb_distrib_release
- machine_id
- manufacturer
- master
- mdadm
- mem_total
- nodename
- num_cpus
- num_gpus
- os
- os_family
- osarch
- oscodename
- osfinger
- osfullname
- osmajorrelease
- osrelease
- osrelease_info
- path
- productname
- ps
- pythonexecutable
- pythonpath
- pythonversion
- saltpath
- saltversion
- saltversioninfo
- selinux
- serialnumber
- server_id
- shell
- virtual
- zmqversion

b、列出Minion上所有grains的的名称及内容

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[iyunv@master ~]# salt 'node01.saltstack.com' grains.items
node01.saltstack.com:
----------
SSDs:
biosreleasedate:
      07/02/2015
biosversion:
      6.00
cpu_flags:
      - fpu
      - vme
      - de
      - pse
      - tsc
      - msr
      - pae
      - mce
      - cx8
      - apic
      - sep
      - mtrr
      - pge
      - mca
      - cmov
      - pat
      - pse36
      - clflush
      - dts
      - mmx
      - fxsr
      - sse
      - sse2
      - ss
      - syscall
      - nx
      - rdtscp
      - lm
      - constant_tsc
      - up
      - arch_perfmon
      - pebs
      - bts
      - xtopology
      - tsc_reliable
      - nonstop_tsc
      - aperfmperf
      - unfair_spinlock
      - pni
      - pclmulqdq
      - ssse3
      - cx16
      - pcid
      - sse4_1
      - sse4_2
      - x2apic
      - popcnt
      - tsc_deadline_timer
      - aes
      - xsave
      - avx
      - f16c
      - rdrand
      - hypervisor
      - lahf_lm
      - ida
      - arat
      - epb
      - pln
      - pts
      - dts
      - fsgsbase
      - smep
cpu_model:
      Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-3210M CPU @ 2.50GHz
cpuarch:
      x86_64
domain:
      saltstack.com
fqdn:
      node01.saltstack.com
fqdn_ip4:
      - 10.10.10.141
fqdn_ip6:
gpus:
      |_
      ----------
      model:
            SVGA II Adapter
      vendor:
            unknown
host:
      node01
hwaddr_interfaces:
      ----------
      eth0:
         00:0c:29:98:68:91
      lo:
         00:00:00:00:00:00
      pan0:
         f6:aa:1f:cb:87:f0
id:
      node01.saltstack.com
init:
      upstart
ip4_interfaces:
      ----------
      eth0:
         - 10.10.10.141
      lo:
         - 127.0.0.1
      pan0:
ip6_interfaces:
      ----------
      eth0:
         - fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:6891
      lo:
         - ::1
      pan0:
ip_interfaces:
      ----------
      eth0:
         - 10.10.10.141
         - fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:6891
      lo:
         - 127.0.0.1
         - ::1
      pan0:
ipv4:
      - 10.10.10.141
      - 127.0.0.1
ipv6:
      - ::1
      - fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:6891
kernel:
      Linux
kernelrelease:
      2.6.32-573.el6.x86_64
locale_info:
      ----------
      defaultencoding:
         UTF8
      defaultlanguage:
         en_US
      detectedencoding:
         UTF-8
localhost:
      node01.saltstack.com
lsb_distrib_codename:
      Final
lsb_distrib_id:
      CentOS
lsb_distrib_release:
      6.7
machine_id:
      5bd0d598c3ad4f78b38c6e7600000020
manufacturer:
      VMware, Inc.
master:
      master.saltstack.com
mdadm:
mem_total:
      1863
nodename:
      node01.saltstack.com
num_cpus:
      1
num_gpus:
      1
os:
      CentOS
os_family:
      RedHat
osarch:
      x86_64
oscodename:
      Final
osfinger:
      CentOS-6
osfullname:
      CentOS
osmajorrelease:
      6
osrelease:
      6.7
osrelease_info:
      - 6
      - 7
path:
      /sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
productname:
      VMware Virtual Platform
ps:
      ps -efH
pythonexecutable:
      /usr/bin/python2.6
pythonpath:
      - /usr/bin
      - /usr/lib64/python26.zip
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/PIL
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gst-0.10
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gtk-2.0
      - /usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/webkit-1.0
      - /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages
      - /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.6.egg-info
pythonversion:
      - 2
      - 6
      - 6
      - final
      - 0
saltpath:
      /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/salt
saltversion:
      2015.5.10
saltversioninfo:
      - 2015
      - 5
      - 10
      - 0
selinux:
      ----------
      enabled:
         False
      enforced:
         Disabled
serialnumber:
      VMware-56 4d e6 9b 20 1f b4 60-77 5d 03 1d 1d 98 68 91
server_id:
      1356238538
shell:
      /bin/sh
virtual:
      VMware
zmqversion:
      3.2.5

c、查看虚拟化的类型

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[iyunv@master ~]# salt '*' grains.get virtual
node01.saltstack.com:
VMware
node02.saltstack.com:
VMware

d、查询eth0所有IP地址

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[iyunv@master ~]# salt '*' grains.get ip_interfaces
node01.saltstack.com:
----------
eth0:
      - 10.10.10.141
      - fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:6891
lo:
      - 127.0.0.1
      - ::1
pan0:
node02.saltstack.com:
----------
eth0:
      - 10.10.10.142
      - fe80::20c:29ff:fead:83d
lo:
      - 127.0.0.1
      - ::1
pan0:

e、查询eth0所有IP地址

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[iyunv@master ~]# salt '*' grains.get ip_interfaces:eth0
node02.saltstack.com:
- 10.10.10.142
- fe80::20c:29ff:fead:83d
node01.saltstack.com:
- 10.10.10.141
- fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:6891

4、自定义grains

a）在minion上的/etc/salt/minion直接配置grains

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[iyunv@node01 ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion
grains:
roles: IT
dept: system
[iyunv@master ~]# salt -G 'roles:IT' test.ping
node01.saltstack.com:
True
[iyunv@master ~]# salt -G 'dept:system' test.ping
node01.saltstack.com:
True

b）通过/etc/salt/grains进行定义

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[iyunv@node01 ~]# vim /etc/salt/grains
virtual: openstack
[iyunv@node01 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart
Stopping salt-minion daemon:                            [确定]
Starting salt-minion daemon:                            [确定]
[iyunv@node02 ~]# cat /etc/salt/grains
virtual: xen
[iyunv@node02 ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion restart
Stopping salt-minion daemon:                            [确定]
Starting salt-minion daemon:                            [确定]
[iyunv@master ~]# salt -G 'virtual:xen' test.ping
node02.saltstack.com:
True

在minion端添加一个mysqlversion的信息

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[iyunv@node01 ~]# cat /etc/salt/grains
virtual: openstack
mysqlversion: 5.5
测试,发现存在报错信息
[iyunv@master ~]# salt -G 'mysqlversion:5.5' test.ping
No minions matched the target. No command was sent, no jid was assigned.
ERROR: No return received
使用saltutil.sync_grains进行刷新测试
[iyunv@master ~]# salt '*' saltutil.sync_grains
node02.saltstack.com:
node01.saltstack.com:
[iyunv@master ~]# salt -G 'mysqlversion:5.5' test.ping
node01.saltstack.com:
True

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