Nagios在RHEL5.3上部署
Nagios部署一、安装环境及软件版本
系统版本
rhel-server-5.3-x86_64
IP:
192.168.19.29
Nagios软件
nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz
Nagios插件
nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
Apache版本
httpd-2.2.24.tar.gz
Php版本
php-5.4.13.tar.gz
二、 为PHP添加GD库
Nagios组件的运行依赖于httpd,gcc和php，php的运行又依赖于GD库
1. 下载GD库和php相关组件
zlib-1.2.7.tar.gz
libpng-1.2.29.tar.gz
freetype-2.4.11.tar.gz
jpegsrc.v9.tar.gz
gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
2. 按顺序安装GD库
安装zlib:
tar zxvf zlib-1.2.7.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.7
./configure
make
make install
安装libpng：
tar zxvf libpng-1.2.29.tar.gz
cd libpng-1.2.29/scripts
mv makefile.linux ../makefile
cd ..
make
make install
注意：这里的makefile不是用./configure生成，而是直接从scripts/里拷贝一个！
安装freetype：
tar zxvf freetype-2.4.11.tar.gz
cd freetype-2.4.11
./configure
make
make install
安装jpeg：
tar zxvf jpegsrc.v9.tar.gz
cd jpeg-9
./configure –enable-shared
make
make test
make install
注意:这里configure一定要带--enable-shared参数，否则不会生成共享库！
安装GD：
tar zxvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.33
./configure --with-png --with-freetype --with-jpeg
make
make install
三、 编译安装nagios
1. 在linux防火墙上开启80，5666端口
2. 创建nagios运行所需用户和组
# groupadd nagios
# useradd –G nagios nagios
#passwd nagios
3. 安装nagios
# cd software/
# tar zxvf nagios-3.5.0.tar.gz
# cd nagios
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios
# make all
# make install 安装主要程序，CGI及HTML文件
# make install-init把nagios做成运行脚本，nagios随开机启动
# make install-commandmode给外部命令访问nagios配置文件的权限
# make install-config 把配置文件的例子复制到nagios的安装目录
4. 验证程序是否正确安装
# ll
总计 24
drwxrwxr-x2 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:11 bin
drwxrwxr-x3 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:13 etc
drwxrwxr-x2 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:11 libexec
drwxrwxr-x2 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:11 sbin
drwxrwxr-x 10 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:11 share
drwxrwxr-x5 nagios nagios 4096 05-06 10:12 var
如果etc、bin、 sbin、 share、 var、libexec六个目录存在，则表明程序被正确安装，下边是六个目录功能的简要说明：
etc
Nagios配置文件位置，包括*.cfg文件，对象模板，密码文件
bin
Nagios执行程序所在目录，这个目录只有两个文件nagios，nagiostats
sbin
Nagios Cgi文件所在目录，也就是执行外部命令所需文件所在的目录
share
Nagios网页文件所在的目录
var
Nagios日志文件、spid 等文件所在的目录
libexec
Nggios插件安装目录，未装插件之前此目录为空
四、 安装nagios插件
# cd software/
# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios
#make
#make install
注意：nagios插件指定的安装路径为nagios安装路径/home/nagios/nagios，安装完成后将在目录/home/nagios/nagios/libexec中生成许多插件，这正是nagios所需的。
五、 安装apache
Apache的运行依赖于apr,apr-util和pcre三个包
1. 下载apache依赖包
# cd software/
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-1.4.5.tar.gz
# wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/apr/apr-util-1.3.12.tar.gz
# wget http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.10/pcre-8.10.zip
2. 安装apache依赖包
安装apr：
# tar -zxvf apr-1.4.5.tar.gz
# cdapr-1.4.5
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
# make && make install
安装apr-util：
# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.3.12.tar.gz
# cd apr-util-1.3.12
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util -with- apr=/usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config
# make && make install
安装pcre:
#unzip -zxvf pcre-8.10.zip
#cd pcre-8.10
#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/pcre
# make && make install
3. 拷贝ape和apr-util源码到apache源码目录
# cp -rf apr-1.4.6 httpd-2.4.1/srclib/apr
# cp -rf apr-util-1.4.6 httpd-2.4.1/srclib/apr-util
4. 安装apache
# tar zxvf httpd-2.2.24.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.2.24
# ./configure--prefix=/home/nagios/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --with-included-apr--enable-so --enable-mods-shared=most
# make
# makeinstall
六、 安装PHP运行环境
# cd /home/nagios/software/gd_software/
# tar zxvf php-5.4.13.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.13
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/php --with-config-file-path=/opt/php --with-apxs2=/home/nagios/apache/bin/apxs
# make
# make test
=====================================================================
You may have found a problem in PHP.
This report can be automatically sent to the PHP QA team at
http://qa.php.net/reports and http://news.php.net/php.qa.reports
This gives us a better understanding of PHP's behavior.
If you don't want to send the report immediately you can choose
option "s" to save it.You can then email it to qa-reports@lists.php.net later.
Do you want to send this report now? : n
# make install
注意：PHP应该在apache之后安装，否则无法在apache的modules下生成libphp5.so文件，导致不能登录页面。
七、 配置Apache
1. 编辑apache/conf/httpd.conf文件
# vi httpd.conf
[*]将apache运行用户改为nagios
User example
Group example
改为
User nagios
Group nagios
[*]修改索引页
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>
改为
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>
[*]修改apache和nagios所属用户和组
# chown -R nagios:nagios apache/
# chown -R nagios:nagios nagios/
[*]在httpd.conf文件末尾增加以下内容
#setting for nagios
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin/home/nagios/nagios/sbin
<Directory "/home/nagios/nagios/sbin">
AuthType Basic
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthUserFile/home/nagios/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</directory>
Alias /nagios/home/nagios/nagios/share
<Directory "/home/nagios/nagios/share">
AuthType Basic
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios Access"
AuthUserFile/home/nagios/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</directory>
LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
AddType applicatoin/x-httpd-php-source .phps
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
2. 生成用户验证文件
# /home/nagios/apache/bin/htpasswd -c /home/nagios/nagios/etc/htpasswd jsbzb
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user jsbzb
修改生成的密码文件的用户和属组
# cd nagios/etc/
# chown nagios:nagios htpasswd
疑问：密码中不能有字母，否则无法登录，只能用数字。
八、 启动nagios和apache并登录
1. apache配置完成后执行如下命令，检查配置是否正确
# /home/nagios/apache/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
2. 用root用户启动nagios和apache
# ./apache/bin/apachectl start&
# service nagios start
九、 至此，nagios安装完成，验证配置
在浏览器中输入地址：http://192.168.19.29/nagios，出现下图登录等待窗口，输入之前创建的用户和密码登录。
登录成功后进入nagios首页
十、 安装nagios的snmp采集插件
nagios-snmp-plugins是一套用Perl编写的通过SNMP方式监控主机的插件程序。
配置check_snmp_int.pl这些插件的使用时需要配置cpan，CPAN是Comprehensive Perl Archive Network的缩写.。它是一个巨大的Perl软件收藏库，收集了大量有用的Perl模块(modules)及其相关的文件。这里主要是使用Perl-Net-SNMP模块。
1. 安装Perl-Net-SNMP模块
有两种方式安装：
A）通过CPAN来安装
#perl -MCPAN -e shell
cpan> install Net::SNMP
B) 手工安装
首先去官方网站下载以下几个模块：
Crypt::DES
Digest::MD5
Digest::SHA1
Digest::HMAC
Net::SNMP
下载后对于每个模块依次按照下面的方式安装
#tar zxvf *.tar.gz 表示模块名，具体请按上面提到的模块替换
#cd 表示模块名，具体请按上面提到的模块替换
#perl Makefile.pl
#make test
#make install
注意：Net::SNMP模块必须在最后安装。至此Net::SNMP手动安装完毕
2. 安装snmp采集插件
# tar zxvf nagios-snmp-plugins.1.1.1.tgz
# cd nagios_plugins
# ./install.sh
十一、 安装配置NRPE（for linux）
Nagios nrpe 能够实现调用远程主机上的nagios插件及其脚本来实现远程监控。
1. 服务器端安装nrpe插件
# tar zxvf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.14
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios
# make all
# make install-plugin
# cd /home/nagios/nagios/libexec/
# ll
总计 6812
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios 382372 05-07 17:23 check_apt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios 2247 05-07 17:23 check_breeze
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios 159218 05-07 17:23 check_by_ssh
lrwxrwxrwx 1 nagios nagios 9 05-07 17:23 check_clamd -> check_tcp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 nagios nagios 112929 05-07 17:23 check_cluster
-rwxrwxr-x 1 nagios nagios65885 05-08 10:37 check_nrpe
………省略
Nagios只要拥有NRPE的扩展插件功能就可以了，所以在Nagios监测服务器安装NRPE工作到这步就可以了。
2. 客户端安装nrpe插件
Nrpe插件依赖于gcc、openssl、openssl-devel三个包，如果没有需要先安装。
检查
rpm –q gcc
rpm –q openssl openssl-devel
安装
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
创建nagios用户
# groupadd -g 501 nagios
# useradd -u 500 -g nagios nagios
# passwd nagios
nagios用户密码统一使用：zzb1201
拷贝以下三个文件到客户端，从服务器（192.168.19.29）下载以下程序
服务器目录：/home/nagios/software/Client
nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
nrpe-2.14.tar.gz
check_linux_stats.pl
Sys-Statistics-Linux-0.66.tar.gz
安装nagios插件
# tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios
# make
# make install
# chown -R nagios:nagios /home/nagios/nagios
安装nrpe插件
# tar -zxvf nrpe-2.14.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.14
# ./configure -- prefix=/home/nagios/nagios
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
# make install-xinetd
打开防火墙规则
检查防火墙是否开启，哪果没有开启，则跳过此步
service iptables status
iptables -I RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 5666 -j ACCEPT
service iptables save
安装Sys-Statistics-Linux-0.66.tar.gz
# tar zxvf Sys-Statistics-Linux-0.66.tar.gz
# cd Sys-Statistics-Linux-0.66
# perl Makefile.PL
# make
# make test
# make install
3. 配置客户端nrpe参数
[*]编辑/etc/xinetd.d/nrpe文件，增加远程服务器地址
only_from = 127.0.0.1 192.168.19.29 两地址之间用空格隔开
重启xinetd服务
service xinetd restart
编辑/home/nagios/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg，修改或增加以下内容
server_address= xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx(本机地址)
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1, 172.16.84.254 ,192.168.19.29
注意：这里要增加两个地址：一个是本机网关地址，另一个是远程监控服务器地址
配置nrpe命令
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 20,15,10
#command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1
#command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 250 -c 400
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_linux_stats.pl -M-w 80,50 -c 90,50
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_linux_stats.pl -D -w 10 -c 5 -p /,/boot,/home/csuser/Logs
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_linux_stats.pl -D -w 10 -c 5 -p /nas/homeapach,/httplogs,/nas/blogwww,/nas/uc,/nas/bar,/nas/hidden
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_linux_stats.pl-C -w 80 -c 90
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_linux_stats.pl -N -w 419430400 -c 838860800 -p eth0
[*]安装check_linux_stat插件
[*]拷贝check_linux_stats.pl到nagios/libexec目录下
[*]修改check_linux_stats.pl的所属用户和属组
chown nagios:nagios check_linux_stats.pl
chmod 755 check_linux_stats.pl
[*]启动nrpe
/home/nagios/nagios/bin/nrpe -c/home/nagios/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
[*]添加开机启动
echo '/home/nagios/nagios/bin/nrpe -c/home/nagios/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d' >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
4. 配置服务器端nrpe参数
[*]如果是首次配置，请在/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects目录下创建以自己命名的目录，监控对象以负责人分类，如：监控张三负责的服务器，创建目录zhangs
[*]创建（首次）主机组和服务组文件
服务组：
$ vi servicegroups.cfg
define servicegroup {
servicegroup_name zhangs-linux-services
alias Zhangs Linux Services
}
主机组
$vi hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namezhangs-linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Zhangs Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members localhost
}
把主机组文件和服务组文件添加到nagios.cfg
$ vi nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg
cfg_file=/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects/servicegroups.cfg
[*]添加联系人和联系人组（首次）
$ vi contacts.cfg
添加以下内容
define contact{
contact_name zhangs
use generic-contact
alias zhangs
email zhangs@zzb.com.cn
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name zhangs-cg
alias zhangs-cg
members jsbzb,zhangs #添加值班邮箱和自己常用邮箱，多个联系人之间用逗号隔开
}
[*]在zhangsan目录下创建对象
vi zhangs-rhel5-linux.cfg
说明：命名规则按 “负责人－机器名－系统类型” 定义，太长可以简写。
添加以下内容
define host{
use linux-server
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
alias zhangs-rhel5-linux
address 172.16.84.161
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Current Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Current Users
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Mem Usage
check_command check_nrpe!check_mem
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Disk Stat
check_command check_nrpe!check_diskstat_local
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Disk Stat
check_command check_nrpe!check_diskstat_nas
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-rhel5-linux
service_description Cpu Usage
check_command check_nrpe!check_cpu
servicegroups zhangs_linux_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name wangy-homeuc1-linux
service_description Network Usage
check_command check_nrpe!check_netword_usage
servicegroups wangy-linux-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
[*]编辑nagios.cfg文件
vi /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
添加刚创建的对象文件
#zhangs object config files
cfg_file=/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects/zhangs/ zhangs-rhel5-linux.cfg
[*]编辑主机组文件hostgroups.cfg添加新加主机
$vi hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namezhangs-linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Zhangs Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members localhost, zhangs-rhel5-linux
}
[*]验证nagios配置
# /home/nagios/nagios/bin/nagios -v /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
………………
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
[*]重新装载nagios配置
service nagios reload
[*]刷新页面查看增加结果
十二、 安装配置NSClient++（for windows）
监控Windows需要在windows安装一个插件nsclient++，有32位和64位，根据实际安装
1. nsclient++获取方法：
a、ftp到监控服务器（192.168.19.29）/home/nagios/software/Client目录下下载
b、下载地址：http://nsclient.org/nscp/downloads
2. 客户端安装配置nsclient++
[*]下载nsclient++后安装
安装过程十分简单，直接点击下一步，下一步即可。安装过程注意如下图的设置即可
[*]配置nsclient++，配置文件是NSC.ini。用记事本编辑nsc.ini，修改以下几项
去掉注释符号";"，除了CheckWMI.dll和RemoteConfiguration.dll
NRPEListener.dll
NSClientListener.dll
NSCAAgent.dll
CheckWMI.dll
FileLogger.dll
CheckSystem.dll
CheckDisk.dll
CheckEventLog.dll
CheckHelpers.dll
FileLogger.dll
CheckSystem.dll
CheckDisk.dll
NSClientListener.dll
NRPEListener.dll
SysTray.dll
CheckEventLog.dll
CheckHelpers.dll
;CheckWMI.dll
CheckNSCP.dll
CheckExternalScripts.dll
NSCAAgent.dll
LUAScript.dll
;RemoteConfiguration.dll
NRPEClient.dll
CheckTaskSched.dll
去掉nrpe口令，加”;”即可
;# OBFUSCATED PASSWORD
;obfuscated_password=Jw0KAUUdXlAAUwASDAAB
;# PASSWORD
;password=secret-password
配置端口和监控服务器地址
allowed_hosts=192.168.19.29
注意：如果是新华社机房的机器，应该是allowed_hosts=172.16.84.254
port=12489
[*]启动客户端nsclient++
从 开始－程序－NSClient++ 找到Start NSClient++ (x64)，并点击启动。
或
在安装目录下执行NSClient++ -start，停止服务执行NSClient++ -stop
[*]验证端口，5666和12489
netstat -an | more
3. 服务器端配置
[*]编辑主机组文件hostgroups.cfg添加新主机组
$vi hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namezhangs-linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Zhangs Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members localhost, zhangs-rhel5-linux
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namezhangs-windows-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Zhangs Windows Servers ; Long name of the group
members zhangs-lenovopc-win7
}
[*]编辑服务组文件servicegroups.cfg添加新服务
$ vi servicegroups.cfg
define servicegroup {
servicegroup_name zhangs-linux_services
alias Zhangs Linux Services
}
define servicegroup {
servicegroup_name zhangs_windows_services
alias Zhangs Windows Services
}
[*]编辑联系人文件，增加联系人和联系人组
define contact{
contact_name zhangs
use generic-contact
alias zhangs
email zhangs@zzb.com.cn
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name zhangs-cg
alias zhangs-cg
members jsbzb,zhangs
}
[*]在自己的目录(没有请创建)下创建对象配置文件
vi zhangs-lenovopc-win7.cfg
define host{
use windows-server
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
alias zhangs-lenovopc-win7
address 192.168.16.157
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Check Cpuload
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!CPULOAD!-l 5,70,80,10,80,90
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Check Uptime
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!UPTIME
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Check Note
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!PROCSTATE! -d SHOWALL -l YoudaoNote.exe
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Memory Usage
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!MEMUSE!-w 80 -c 90
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Drive C:\ Space
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!USEDDISKSPACE!-l c -w 80 -c 90
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service {
host_name zhangs-lenovopc-win7
service_description Drive D:\ Space
use generic-service
check_command check_nt!USEDDISKSPACE!-l d -w 80 -c 90
servicegroups zhangs_windows_services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
[*]注册windows主机
编辑nagios/etc/nagios.cfg文件，添加以下内容
#weiyq object config files
cfg_file=/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects/zhangs/zhangs-lenovopc-win7.cfg
[*]验证nagios配置
# /home/nagios/nagios/bin/nagios -v /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
………………
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
[*]重新装载配置
service nagios reload
十三、 网络设备监控配置(Cisco)
简介：此处以Cisco为例，其它网络设备检控命令可能需要调整。Cisco交换机都支持SNMP协议，只需要简单的设置即可开启。在安装Nagios之前，必须已经安装Net-Utils及其开发组件，参考本文第十步。由于使用check_snmp检测的结果不够人性化，大部分的结果都需要重新调整。使用Perl脚本调用NET::SNMP模块，实现收集监控结果，并重新输出，更易阅读和使用。
比较好的perl脚本有如下几个
从服务器（192.168.19.29）的目录/home/nagios/software/net_perl下载
check_snmp_cisco_loadavg.pl
check_snmp_cisco_memutil.pl
check_snmp_cisco_ifstatus.pl
check_snmp_int.pl
check_snmp_env.pl
监控服务器端配置步骤：
1. 增加perl脚本
[*]拷贝check_snmp_cisco_loadavg.pl、check_snmp_cisco_memutil.pl、check_snmp_cisco_ifstatus.pl三个文件到/home/nagios/libexec目录下
[*]修改脚本属组和权限
chown nagios:nagios check_snmp_cisco_*.pl
chmod 755 check_snmp_cisco_*.pl
2. 编辑命令配置文件commands.cfg，增加网络监控命令
vi nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
#net command add by wangyong 20130514
define command{
command_name check_snmp_cisco_loadavg
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_cisco_loadavg.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $ARG1$
}
define command{
command_name check_snmp_cisco_memutil
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_cisco_memutil.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$ $ARG1$
}
define command{
command_name check_snmp_cisco_ifstatus
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_cisco_ifstatus.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$$ARG1$
}
define command{
command_name check_snmp_int
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_int.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$$ARG1$
}
define command{
command_name check_snmp_env
command_line $USER1$/check_snmp_env.pl -H $HOSTADDRESS$$ARG1$
}
3. 添加网络主机对象
如果是第一次添加，在nagios/etc/objects目录下创建自己的对象目录
$ mkdir zhangs
进入zhangs目录，创建网络设备对象
vi zhangs-cisco2950-switch.cfg
define host{
use generic-switch
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
alias zhangs-cisco2950-switch
address 192.168.16.160(交换机地址)
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!200.0,20%!600.0,60%
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service;
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Uptime
check_command check_snmp!-C public -o sysUpTime.0
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Port 47 Link Status
check_command check_snmp!-C public -o ifOperStatus.47 -r 1 -m RFC1213-MIB
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description CPU Avg Load
check_command check_snmp_cisco_loadavg! -C public -w 70 -c 90
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Memery Usage
check_command check_snmp_cisco_memutil! -C public -w 70 -c 90
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Port 47 traffic Status
check_command check_snmp_cisco_ifstatus! -C public -i "FastEthernet0/47"
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description System Info
check_command check_snmp! -C public -o sysDescr.0
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Check Fan Ps Temp Status
check_command check_snmp_env!-C public
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Vlan1 traffic status
check_command check_snmp_int! -C public-n Vlan1 -f
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name zhangs-cisco2950-switch
service_description Check Port status
check_command check_snmp_int! -C public-n "Fast.*0.4"
servicegroups zhangs-switch-services
contact_groups zhangs-cg
}
4. 添加网络服务组
$ vi servicegroups.cfg
define servicegroup {
servicegroup_name zhangs-switch-services
alias Zhangs Switch Services
}
5. 添加网络主机组
$vi hostgroups.cfg
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namezhangs-switch-servers ; The name of the hostgroup
alias Zhangs Switch Servers ; Long name of the group
members zhangs-cisco2950-switch
}
6. 在nagios/etc/nagios.cfg中添加网络主机配置
$ vi nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/home/nagios/nagios/etc/objects/zhangs/ zhangs-cisco2950-switch.cfg
7. 编辑联系人文件，增加联系人和联系人组
define contact{
contact_name zhangs
use generic-contact
alias zhangs
email zhangs@zzb.com.cn
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name zhangs-cg
alias zhangs-cg
members jsbzb,zhangs
}
8. 检查配置正确性
# /home/nagios/nagios/bin/nagios -v /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
………………
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
9. 重新加载配置文件
service nagios reload
10. 刷新监控页面查看添加结果。
十四、 Pnp4nagios安装配置
pnp4nagios是基于RRD轮循(环状)数据库中所提供的综合信息，以可视化图形的方式呈现给用户的一款nagios插件；
1. 安装rrdtools
官网下载地址：http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/
yum install rrdtool-perl
2. 检查PHP版本
PHP版本必须在5.2以上
# php -v
PHP 5.4.13 (cli) (built: May6 2013 17:41:39)
Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies
3. 安装pnp4nagios
# cd /home/nagios/software/pnp4nagios/
# tar zxvf pnp4nagios-0.6.21.tar.gz
# cd pnp4nagios-0.6.21
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/pnp4nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
# make all
#make install
# make install-webconf
# make install-config
# make install-init
4. 更改pnp4nagios属组
# chown -R nagios:nagiospnp4nagios/
5. 配置pnp4nagios
这里我们使用Bulk Mode with NPCD模式
[*]创建配置文件
$ cd pnp4nagios/etc/
$ mv misccommands.cfg-sample misccommands.cfg
$ mv nagios.cfg-sample nagios.cfg
$ mv rra.cfg-sample rra.cfg
$ cd pages/
$ mv web_traffic.cfg-sample web_traffic.cfg
$ mv check_all_local_disks.cfg-sample check_all_local_disks.cfg
$ mv check_nrpe.cfg-sample check_nrpe.cfg
$ mv check_nwstat.cfg-sample check_nwstat.cfg
[*]删除install.php
$ cd pnp4nagios/share/
$ mv install.php install.php.bak
[*]启动服务
# service npcd start
Starting npcd: done.
[*]修改nagios配置文件，打开performance_data
$ vi nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
修改以下参数
process_performance_data=1
添加以下参数
host_perfdata_file=/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata
service_perfdata_file=/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata
service_perfdata_file=/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata
service_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::SERVICEPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tSERVICEDESC::$SERVICEDESC$\tSERVICEPERFDATA::$SERVICEPERFDATA$\tSERVICECHECKCOMMAND::$SERVICECHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$\tSERVICESTATE::$SERVICESTATE$\tSERVICESTATETYPE::$SERVICESTATETYPE$
service_perfdata_file_mode=a
service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15
service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-file
#
# host performance data starting with Nagios 3.0
#
host_perfdata_file=/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata
host_perfdata_file_template=DATATYPE::HOSTPERFDATA\tTIMET::$TIMET$\tHOSTNAME::$HOSTNAME$\tHOSTPERFDATA::$HOSTPERFDATA$\tHOSTCHECKCOMMAND::$HOSTCHECKCOMMAND$\tHOSTSTATE::$HOSTSTATE$\tHOSTSTATETYPE::$HOSTSTATETYPE$
host_perfdata_file_mode=a
host_perfdata_file_processing_interval=15
host_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-host-perfdata-file
[*]编辑nagios命令配置文件，添加以下命令
vi nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
注释原来的process-service-perfdata-file和process-host-perfdata-file
define command{
command_name process-service-perfdata-file
command_line /bin/mv /home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/service-perfdata /home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/spool/service-perfdata.$TIMET$
}
define command{
command_name process-host-perfdata-file
command_line /bin/mv /home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/host-perfdata /home/nagios/pnp4nagios/var/spool/host-perfdata.$TIMET$
}
[*]修改nagios模板文件
Vi nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
在 host 模板中加入
action_url /pnp4nagios/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=_HOST_
在service 模板中加入
action_url /pnp4nagios/graph?host=$HOSTNAME$&srv=$SERVICEDESC$
[*]验证nagios配置
# /home/nagios/nagios/bin/nagios -v /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
………………
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
[*]重新加载nagios配置
# service nagios reload
Running configuration check...done.
Reloading nagios configuration...done
[*]修改apache配置
$ vi apache/conf/httpd.conf
在文件最后加入以下内容
Alias /pnp4nagios "/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/share"
<Directory "/home/nagios/pnp4nagios/share">
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
Options FollowSymLinks
RewriteBase /pnp4nagios/
RewriteRule ^(application|modules|system) -
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule .* index.php/$0
</IfModule>
</Directory>
[*]重启apache服务
# ./apache/bin/apachectl stop
# ./apache/bin/apachectl start&
十五、 安装配置check_oracle_health
1. 安装客户端NRPE
参考第十一章节
2. 设定系统环境变量
在root用户下，编辑.bash_profile，添加ORACLE环境变量，要和ORACLE用户的.bash_profile文件中的设置一样。
注：必须先配置环境变量，否则perl的oracle插件安装报错。
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/11.1.0
ORACLE_SID=zzbrac11
CRS_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/crs
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db
PATH=$PATH:$CRS_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:/usr/bin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$CRS_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID CRS_HOMEORACLE_HOME CLASSPATH PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
3. 安装check_oracle_health
# tar zxvf check_oracle_health-1.7.7.3.tar.gz
# cd check_oracle_health-1.7.7.3
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios/ --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --with-mymodules-dir=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/ --with-mymodules-dyn-dir=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/
# make all
# make install
# chown -R nagios:nagios /home/nagios/nagios/
4. 安装perl的oracle插件
# tar zxvf DBI-1.609.tar.gz
# cd DBI-1.609
# perl Makefile.PL
# make all
# make install
# tar zxvf DBD-Oracle-1.24a.tar.gz
# cd DBD-Oracle-1.24
# perl Makefile.PL
# make all
# make install
5. 配置检测命令
$ vi nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
# The following is oracle command arguments
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_oracle_health --connect='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.84.59)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=zzbrac11)))' --username NEWSBLOG --password NEWSBLOG --mode connection-time
command=/home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_oracle_health --connect='(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=172.16.84.59)(PORT=1521))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=zzbrac11)))'--mode tnsping
6. 重启客户端nrpe服务
/home/nagios/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /home/nagios/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
7. 配置服务器端服务
参考十一章节第4小节
十六、 安装配置check_mssql_health
1. 安装check_mssql_health
# tar zxvf check_mssql_health-1.5.19.1.tar.gz
# cd check_mssql_health-1.5.19.1
# ./configure --prefix=/home/nagios/nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
# make && make install
# chown nagios:nagios /home/nagios/nagios/libexec/check_mssql_health
2. 安装、配置freetds-0.82
说明：在linux下连接MSSQL比较困难，微软没有提供任何接口给开发人员。还好，MSSQL是从Sybase衍生出来的，有些人做了Sybase的Linux下的连接库，这些连接库同时也能支持MSSQL，FreeTDS就是这样的一个软件。
[*]安装freetds-0.82
# tar xvzf freetds-0.82.tar.gz
# cd freetds-0.82
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetds --with-tdsver=8.0 --enable-msdblib
# make && make install
[*]配置freetds-0.82
配置root用户环境变量
# vi .bash_profile
SYBASE=/usr/local/freetds
FREETDS_HOME=/usr/local/freetds
PATH=$FREETDS_HOME/bin:$PATH
export SYBASE FREETDS_HOME PATH
exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/freetds/lib/
# source .bash_profile
配置sql servers
Vi /usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf
#juyuan1 sql server
host = 172.16.84.31
port = 1433
tds version = 7.0
增加 /usr/local/freetds/lib 到 /etc/ld.so.conf, 然后，运行ldconfig
# vi /etc/ld.so.conf
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/usr/local/freetds/lib
# ldconfig
如果不增加/usr/local/freetds/lib，手工执行命令成功，但是nagios自动运行失败，错误如下：
cannot connect to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx. install_driver(Sybase) failed: Can't load '/usr/lib64/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/auto/DBD/Sybase/Sybase.so' for module DBD::Sybase: libct.so.4: 无法打开共享对象文件: 没有那个文件或目录 at /usr/lib64/perl5/5.8.8/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/DynaLoader.pm line 230.
3. 安装DBI和DBD-Sybase
# tar zxvf DBI-1.609.tar.gz
# cd DBI-1.609
# perl Makefile.PL
# make
# make test
# make install
# tar zxvf DBD-Sybase-1.15.tar.gz
# cd DBD-Sybase-1.15
# perl Makefile.PL
# make
# make test
注意：此处会有如下错误，可以忽略
Failed 11/13 test scripts, 15.38% okay. 216/241 subtests failed, 10.37% okay.
make: *** 错误 9
# make install
4. 测试连接
# cd /home/nagios/nagios/libexec
# ./check_mssql_health --server=serve_juyuan2 --username=sa --password=xxx --mode=connected-users
OK - 6 connected users | connected_users=6;50;80
或
这种方法绕过了配置文件（/usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf）
# ./check_mssql_health --hostname=192.168.16.157 -port=1433 --username=sa --password=xxx --mode=connected-users
5. 添加模板
# 'check_mssql_health ' command definition
define command{
command_name check_mssql_health
command_line $USER1$/check_mssql_health $ARG1$
}
6. 添加服务
define service {
host_name liy-juyuan2-win2003
service_description Check Sqlserver Users
use generic-service
check_command check_mssql_health! --server=server_juyuan2 --username=sa --password=1234juyuan --mode=connected-users
servicegroups liy-windows-services
contact_groups liy-cg
}
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