分布式存储Ceph的几种安装方法，源码，apt-get，deploy工具，Ubuntu CentOS
最近搞了下分布式PB级别的存储CEPH尝试了几种不同的安装，使用
期间遇到很多问题，和大家一起分享。
一、源码安装
说明：源码安装可以了解到系统各个组件， 但是安装过程也是很费劲的，主要是依赖包太多。 当时尝试了centos 和 ubuntu 上安装，都是可以安装好的。
1下载ceph
http://ceph.com/download/
wget http://ceph.com/download/ceph-0.72.tar.gz
2 安装编译工具apt-get install automake autoconf automake libtool make
3 解压
#tar zxvf
ceph-0.72.tar.gz
#cd
ceph-0.72.tar.gz
#./autogen.sh
4、
先安装依赖包
#apt-get install autotools-dev autoconf automake cdbs g++ gcc git libatomic-ops-dev libboost-dev \
libcrypto++-dev libcrypto++ libedit-dev libexpat1-dev libfcgi-dev libfuse-dev \
libgoogle-perftools-dev libgtkmm-2.4-dev libtool pkg-config uuid-dev libkeyutils-dev \
uuid-dev libkeyutils-devbtrfs-tools
4 可能遇到错误
4.1 fuse:
apt-get install fuse-devel
4.2 tcmalloc:
wget
https://gperftools.googlecode.com/files/gperftools-2.1.zip
安装google-perftools
4.3 libedit:
apt-get
install
libedit
-devel
4.4 no libatomic-ops found
apt-get
install libatomic_ops-devel
4.5 snappy:
https://snappy.googlecode.com/files/snappy-1.1.1.tar.gz
4.6 libleveldb not found:
https://leveldb.googlecode.com/files/leveldb-1.14.0.tar.gz
make
cp libleveldb.* /usr/lib
cp -r include/leveldb /usr/local/include
4.7 libaio
apt-get install libaio-dev
4.8 boost
apt-get install libboost-dev
apt-get install libboost-thread-dev
apt-get install
libboost-program-options-dev
4.9 g++
apt-get install g++
5 编译安装
#./configure –prefix=/opt/ceph/
#make
#make install
二、使用ubuntn 12.04自带的ceph 版本可能是ceph version 0.41
资源：
两台机器：一台server，一台client，安装ubuntu12.04
其中，server安装时，另外分出两个区，作为osd0、osd1的存储，没有的话，系统安装好后，使用loop设备虚拟出两个也可以。
1
、服务端安装
CEPH(MON
、
MDS
、
OSD)
apt-cache search ceph
apt-get install ceph
apt-get install ceph-common
2、添加key到APT中，更新sources.list，安装ceph
wget -q -O- 'https://ceph.com/git/?p=ceph.git;a=blob_plain;f=keys/release.asc' | sudo apt-key add -
echo deb http://ceph.com/debian/ $(lsb_release -sc) main | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ceph.list
apt-get update && sudo apt-get install ceph
3、查看版本
# ceph-v//将显示ceph的版本和key信息
如果没有显示，请执行如下命令
# sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
4、配置文件
# vim /etc/ceph/ceph.conf
# For version 0.55 and beyond, you must explicitly enable
# or disable authentication with "auth" entries in .
auth cluster required = none
auth service required = none
auth client required = none
osd journal size = 1000
#The following assumes ext4 filesystem.
filestore xattr use omap = true
# For Bobtail (v 0.56) and subsequent versions, you may
# add settings for mkcephfs so that it will create and mount
# the file system on a particular OSD for you. Remove the comment `#`
# character for the following settings and replace the values
# in braces with appropriate values, or leave the following settings
# commented out to accept the default values. You must specify the
# --mkfs option with mkcephfs in order for the deployment script to
# utilize the following settings, and you must define the 'devs'
# option for each osd instance; see below.
osd mkfs type = xfs
osd mkfs options xfs = -f # default for xfs is "-f"
osd mount options xfs = rw,noatime # default mount option is "rw,noatime"
# For example, for ext4, the mount option might look like this:
#osd mkfs options ext4 = user_xattr,rw,noatime
# Execute $ hostname to retrieve the name of your host,
# and replace {hostname} with the name of your host.
# For the monitor, replace {ip-address} with the IP
# address of your host.
host = ceph1
mon addr = 192.168.1.1:6789
host = ceph1
# For Bobtail (v 0.56) and subsequent versions, you may
# add settings for mkcephfs so that it will create and mount
# the file system on a particular OSD for you. Remove the comment `#`
# character for the following setting for each OSD and specify
# a path to the device if you use mkcephfs with the --mkfs option.
devs = /dev/sdb1
host = ceph1
5、执行初始化
sudo mkcephfs -a -c /etc/ceph/ceph.conf -k /etc/ceph/ceph.keyring
注意每次初始化 需要 删除原有 数据 目录
rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/*
rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1/*
rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-a/*
rm –rf /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-a/*
mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0
mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-1
mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-a
mkdir -p /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-a
6、启动
service ceph -a start
7、执行健康检查
ceph health
8、磁盘用 ext4 出现 mount 5 错误
后来用
mkfs.xfs-f /dev/sda7
就 好了。
9、在客户端上操作：
sudo mkdir /mnt/mycephfs
sudo mount -t ceph {ip-address-of-monitor}:6789:/ /mnt/mycephfs
三、ceph-deploy安装
1、下载
https://github.com/ceph/ceph-deploy/archive/master.zip
2、
apt-get install python-virtualenv
./bootstrap
3、
ceph-deploy install ubuntu1
4、
ceph-deploy new ubuntu1
5、
ceph-deploy mon create ubuntu1
6、
ceph-deploy gatherkeys
遇错提示没有keyring则执行：
ceph-deploy forgetkeys
会生成
{cluster-name}.client.admin.keyring
{cluster-name}.bootstrap-osd.keyring
{cluster-name}.bootstrap-mds.keyring
7、
ceph-deploy osd create ubuntu1:/dev/sdb1 （磁盘路径）
可能遇到错：
1、磁盘已经挂载，用umount
2、磁盘格式化问题，用fdisk分区，mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1 格式化
8、
ceph -s
可能遇到错误：
提示没有osd
health HEALTH_ERR 192 pgs stuck inactive; 192 pgs stuck unclean; no osds
则执行ceph osd create
9、
cluster faf5e4ae-65ff-4c95-ad86-f1b7cbff8c9a
health HEALTH_WARN 192 pgs degraded; 192 pgs stuck unclean
monmap e1: 1 mons at {ubuntu1=12.0.0.115:6789/0}, election epoch 1, quorum 0 ubuntu1
osdmap e10: 3 osds: 1 up, 1 in
pgmap v17: 192 pgs, 3 pools, 0 bytes data, 0 objects
1058 MB used, 7122 MB / 8181 MB avail
192 active+degraded
10、客户端挂摘
注意：需要用用户名及密码挂载
10.1查看密码
cat /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
ceph-authtool --print-key ceph.client.admin.keyring
AQDNE4xSyN1WIRAApD1H/glMB5VSLwmmnt7UDw==
10.2挂载
其他：
1、多台机器之间要添加ssh 无密码认证 ssh-keygen
2、最好有单独的磁盘分区做存储，格式化也有几种不同方式
3、总会遇到各种错误。 只能单独分析，解决
ceph-deploy forgetkeys
参考资料：
http://hobbylinux.blog.iyunv.com/2895352/1175932
http://blog.iyunv.com/pc620/article/details/9002045
http://ceph.com/docs/master/start/quick-ceph-deploy/
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