kvm 源码安装
系统环境CentOS 5.5 x64
必须安装CentOS 64位，才可以安装KVM虚拟机。32位系统的内核默认没有把KVM模块编译进去，而且源中也没有与虚拟化相关的软件包，如Qemu等。
安装基本系统和开发工具
编译内核
[*]mkdir /root/kvm
[*]cd /root/kvm
[*]wget http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/v2.6/linux-2.6.34.4.tar.bz2
[*]tar -jxf linux-2.6.34.4.tar.bz2 -C /usr/src
[*]cd /usr/src/linux-2.6.34.4
[*]make menuconfig
vi .config
[*]增加
[*]CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2=y
[*] CONFIG_STP=m
[*]CONFIG_BRIDGE=m
[*]修改
[*]CONFIG_STP=y
[*]CONFIG_BRIDGE=y
[*]
[*]make -j30 all
[*]make modules_install
[*]make install
安装kvm_mod
[*]tar -jxf kvm-kmod-2.6.34.1.tar.bz2
[*]cd kvm-kmod-2.6.34.1
[*]./configure
[*]make && make install
[*]reboot
确认kvm_kmod安装成功
lsmod |grep kvm
[*]kvm_intel 402860
[*]kvm 2662561 kvm_intel
安装qemu-kvm
[*]cd /root/kvm
[*]tar -zxf qemu-kvm-0.12.5.tar.gz
[*]cd qemu-kvm-0.12.5
[*]./configure --prefix=/usr/local/qemu--disable-vnc-tls--disable-vnc-sasl--disable-curl --enable-system --with-kvm-trace --static
[*]make && make install
[*]
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img /usr/bin/qemu-img
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-io /usr/bin/qemu-io
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-nbd /usr/bin/qemu-nbd
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/kvm
[*]ln -s /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
安装libvirt
[*]cd /root/kvm
[*]tar -zxf libvirt-0.8.3.tar.gz
[*]cd libvirt-0.8.3
[*]./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libvirt --enable-debug=no --with-storage-lvm=no
[*]make && make install
[*]
[*]ln -s /usr/local/libvirt/bin/virsh /usr/bin/virsh
常见问题
configure: error: You must install the GnuTLS library in order to compile and run libvirt
[*]yum install gnutls-devel -y
问题
[*]# /usr/local/libvirt/sbin/libvirtd
[*]19:49:56.942: error : virRunWithHook:857 : internal error 'brctl setfd virbr0 0' exited with non-zero status 1 and signal 0: libvir: error : cannot execute binary brctl: No such file or directory
[*]
[*]19:49:56.982: warning : qemudStartup:1832 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address
[*]yum installbridge-utils -y
问题
[*]19:51:11.368: error : virRunWithHook:857 : internal error '/sbin/iptables --table filter --insert FORWARD --destination 192.168.122.0/255.255.255.0 --out-interface virbr0 --match state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED --jump ACCEPT' exited with non-zero status1 and signal 0: iptables: Unknown error 18446744073709551615
[*]
[*]19:51:11.368: error : networkAddMasqueradingIptablesRules:637 : failed to add iptables rule to allow forwarding to 'virbr0': Invalid argument
[*]19:51:11.420: warning : qemudStartup:1832 : Unable to create cgroup for driver: No such device or address
[*]如果使用桥接网络独立IP可以忽略
安装virtinst
[*]cd /root/kvm
[*]tar -zxf virtinst-0.500.3.tar.gz
[*]cd virtinst-0.500.3
[*]python setup.py install
常见问题
virt-install
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/bin/virt-install", line 34, in ?
import libvirt
ImportError: No module named libvirt
[*]cp -rfp /usr/local/libvirt/lib/* /usr/lib/
[*]cp -rfp /usr/local/libvirt/lib64/* /usr/lib64/
设置桥接网络
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
[*]DEVICE=eth0
[*]
[*]HWADDR=6C:F0:49:7F:DD:6F
[*]
[*]ONBOOT=yes
[*]BRIDGE=br0
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
[*]DEVICE=br0
[*]TYPE=Bridge
[*]BOOTPROTO=static
[*]BROADCAST=192.168.0.255
[*]#HWADDR=6C:F0:49:7F:DD:6F
[*]IPADDR=192.168.0.155
[*]NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[*]NETWORK=192.168.0.0
[*]ONBOOT=yes
配置完成
安装guestOS命令行
[*]./virt-install --connect=qemu:///session -v --name winxddpd --ram 512--file /home/os/winxpd2dd3.img --file-size 30 --network bridge=br0 --accelerate--vnc --vncport=5915 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 --cdrom /home/iso/zh-hans_windows_xp_professional_with_service_pack_3_x86_cd_vl_x14-74070.iso
[*]win2k8
[*]virt-install --connect=qemu:///session -v --os-variant=win2k8 --name win2k8h --ram 1024 --autostart --file /home/os/win2k8h.img --file-size 30 --network bridge=br0 --accelerate--vnc --vncport=5920 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0 --cdrom /home/iso/Windows_Svr_DC_EE_SE_Web_2008R2_64-bit_X15-59777.ISO
创建新的虚拟主机
[*]/usr/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 /home/os/vdisk.img 30G
vi newhost.xml
[*]<domain type='kvm'>
[*]<name>win2k89</name>
[*]<uuid>116cb1cc-0505-f707-b90a-af1ab2fac4d7</uuid>
[*]<memory>1048576</memory>
[*]<currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
[*]<vcpu>1</vcpu>
[*]<os>
[*] <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-0.12'>hvm</type>
[*] <boot dev='hd'/>
[*] <boot dev='cdrom'/>
[*] <bootmenu enable='yes'/>
[*]</os>
[*]<features>
[*] <acpi/>
[*] <apic/>
[*] <pae/>
[*]</features>
[*]<clock offset='localtime'/>
[*]<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
[*]<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
[*]<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
[*]<devices>
[*] <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-kvm</emulator>
[*] <disk type='file' device='disk'>
[*] <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
[*] <source file='/home/os/vdisk.img'/>
[*] <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
[*] <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' unit='0'/>
[*] </disk>
[*] <disk type='file' device='disk'>
[*] <driver name='qemu' device='qcow2'/>
[*] <source file='/home/os/vdisk5.img'/>
[*] <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
[*] </disk>
[*] <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
[*] <source file='/home/iso/Windows_Svr_DC_EE_SE_Web_2008R2_64-bit_X15-59777.ISO'/>
[*] <target dev='hdz' bus='ide'/>
[*] <readonly/>
[*] <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' unit='0'/>
[*] </disk>
[*] <controller type='ide' index='0'>
[*] <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
[*] </controller>
[*] <interface type='bridge'>
[*] <mac address='52:54:00:4a:37:ee'/>
[*] <source bridge='br0'/>
[*] <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
[*] </interface>
[*] <serial type='pty'>
[*] <target port='0'/>
[*] </serial>
[*] <console type='pty'>
[*] <target type='serial' port='0'/>
[*] </console>
[*] <input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>
[*] <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
[*] <graphics type='vnc' port='5911' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0' passwd='123456' keymap='en-us'/>
[*] <video>
[*] <model type='vga' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
[*] <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
[*] </video>
[*] <memballoon model='virtio'>
[*] <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
[*] </memballoon>
[*]</devices>
[*]</domain>
结合arptables防止IP更改
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
[*]net.ipv4.conf.eth0.rp_filter = 0
[*]net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
[*]net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
[*]net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1
[*]
[*]net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2
[*]net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
[*]net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
vi /root/arptables.sh
[*]#!/bin/sh
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -F
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -F
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -F
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -F
[*]sleep 5
[*]
[*]#/usr/local/sbin/arptables -A FORWARD --src-ip 192.168.0.133 --src-mac 52:54:00:4a:37:ee -j ACCEPT
[*]
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -A FORWARD --src-ip 192.168.0.173 --src-mac 52:54:00:4a:37:ee -j ACCEPT
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -A FORWARD --src-ip 192.168.0.1 --src-mac 00:3c:50:20:18:9e -j ACCEPT
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -A FORWARD --src-ip 192.168.0.11 --src-mac 00:13:20:61:45:00 -j ACCEPT
[*]
[*]
[*]/usr/local/sbin/arptables -A FORWARD -j DROP
[*]chmod +x arptables.sh
限制带宽
限制vnet0的下行带宽为50kbit
[*]/sbin/tc qdisc add dev vnet0 root tbf rate 50kbit latency 50ms burst 1000
增加硬盘
增加一个400G的磁盘
[*]dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/os/vdisk2.img bs=1M seek=409600 count=0
vi vdisk.xml
[*] <disk type='file' device='disk'>
[*] <driver name='qemu' device='qcow2'/>
[*] <source file='/home/os/vdisk5.img'/>
[*] <target dev='hdb' bus='ide'/>
[*] </disk>
服务器启动时自动启动domain
[*]virsh autostart domain-name
关机
[*]virsh destroy domain-name
开机
[*]virsh start domain-domain
挂起(暂停)
[*]virsh suspend domain-domain
恢复
[*]virsh resume domain-domain
相关网站
http://www.linux-kvm.org
http://www.linux-kvm.com
http://www.libvirt.org
http://www.sf.net
(源码在这里下载
error: Failed to connect socket to '/usr/local/var/run/libvirt/libvirt-sock': No such file or directory
查看libvirt进程是否启动?ps -le | grep libvirt*如果没有启动，那么上面的错误就是这个原因
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