基于saltstack实现的配置集中化管理
Saltstack是一个具备puppet与func功能为一身的集中化管理平台，saltstack基于python实现，功能十分强大，各模块融合度及复用性极高，官方极力推荐作为云计算平台的基础架构。轻松维护成千上万台服务器不是问题，现分享作者基于saltstack实现一个集中化的配置管理平台，以Nginx配置例子展开，涉及salt的grains、grains_module、pillar、States、jinja（template）等，本文适合有salt基础的同学阅读。一、设备环境说明
有两组web业务服务器，组名分别为web1group与web2group，设备硬件配置、web根目录存在异常，见下图：
二、master配置说明
1、关键配置定义：
[*]nodegroups:
[*] web1group: 'L@SN2012-07-010,SN2012-07-011,SN2012-07-012'
[*] web2group: 'L@SN2013-08-021,SN2013-08-022'
[*]
[*]file_roots:
[*]base:
[*] - /srv/salt
[*]
[*]pillar_roots:
[*]base:
[*] - /srv/pillar
2、定义的文件树结构（具体文件后续说明）
三、自定义grains_module
1）#vi /srv/salt/_grains/nginx_config.py
view plainprint?
[*]import os,sys,commands
[*]
[*]def NginxGrains():
[*] '''
[*] return Nginx config grains value
[*] '''
[*] grains = {}
[*] max_open_file=65536
[*] #Worker_info={'cpus2':'01 10','cpus4':'1000 0100 0010 0001','cpus8':'10000000 01000000 00100000 00010000 00001000 00000100 00000010 00000001'}
[*] try:
[*] getulimit=commands.getstatusoutput('source /etc/profile;ulimit -n')
[*] except Exception,e:
[*] pass
[*] if getulimit==0:
[*] max_open_file=int(getulimit)
[*] grains['max_open_file'] = max_open_file
[*] return grains
2)同步grains模块
salt '*' saltutil.sync_all
3)刷新模块(让minion编译模块)
salt '*' sys.reload_modules
4)验证max_open_file key的value
# salt '*' grains.item max_open_file
SN2013-08-022:
max_open_file: 1024
SN2013-08-021:
max_open_file: 1024
SN2012-07-011:
max_open_file: 1024
SN2012-07-012:
max_open_file: 1024
SN2012-07-010:
max_open_file: 1024
四、配置pillar
本例使用分组规则定义pillar，即不同分组引用各自的sls属性
1)定义入口top.sls
#vi /srv/pillar/top.sls
[*]base:
[*]web1group:
[*] - match: nodegroup
[*] - web1server
[*]web2group:
[*] - match: nodegroup
[*] - web2server
2)定义私有配置，本例只配置web_root的数据，当然可以根据不同需求进行定制，格式为python的字典形式，即"key:value"。
#vi /srv/pillar/web1server.sls
[*]nginx:
[*] root: /www
#vi /srv/pillar/web2server.sls
[*]nginx:
[*] root: /data
3）验证配置结果：
#salt 'SN2013-08-021' pillar.data nginx
SN2013-08-021:
----------
root:
/data
#salt 'SN2012-07-010' pillar.data nginx
SN2012-07-010:
----------
root:
/www
五、配置States
1）定义入口top.sls
#vi /srv/salt/top.sls
[*]base:
[*]'*':
[*] - nginx
2)定义nginx配置及重启服务SLS,其中salt://nginx/nginx.conf为配置模板文件位置。
#vi /srv/salt/nginx.sls
view plainprint?
[*]nginx:
[*]pkg:
[*] - installed
[*]file.managed:
[*] - source: salt://nginx/nginx.conf
[*] - name: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[*] - user: root
[*] - group: root
[*] - mode: 644
[*] - template: jinja
[*]
[*]service.running:
[*] - enable: True
[*] - reload: True
[*] - watch:
[*] - file: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[*] - pkg: nginx
3）Nginx配置文件（引用jinja模板）
功能点：
1、worker_processes参数采用grains['num_cpus'] 上报值（与设备CPU核数一致）；
2、worker_cpu_affinity分配多核CPU根据当前设备核数进行匹配，分别为2\4\8\其它核；
3、worker_rlimit_nofile参数与grains['max_open_file'] 获取的系统ulimit -n一致；
4、worker_connections 参数理论上为grains['max_open_file']；
5、 root参数为定制的pillar['nginx']['root']值。
#vi /srv/salt/nginx/nginx.conf
view plainprint?
[*]# For more information on configuration, see:
[*]user nginx;
[*]worker_processes{{ grains['num_cpus'] }};
[*]{% if grains['num_cpus'] == 2 %}
[*]worker_cpu_affinity 01 10;
[*]{% elif grains['num_cpus'] == 4 %}
[*]worker_cpu_affinity 1000 0100 0010 0001;
[*]{% elif grains['num_cpus'] >= 8 %}
[*]worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
[*]{% else %}
[*]worker_cpu_affinity 1000 0100 0010 0001;
[*]{% endif %}
[*]worker_rlimit_nofile {{ grains['max_open_file'] }};
[*]
[*]error_log/var/log/nginx/error.log;
[*]#error_log/var/log/nginx/error.lognotice;
[*]#error_log/var/log/nginx/error.loginfo;
[*]
[*]pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
[*]
[*]events {
[*] worker_connections{{ grains['max_open_file'] }};
[*]}
[*]
[*]
[*]http {
[*] include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
[*] default_typeapplication/octet-stream;
[*]
[*] log_formatmain'$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
[*] '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
[*] '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
[*]
[*] access_log/var/log/nginx/access.logmain;
[*]
[*] sendfile on;
[*] #tcp_nopush on;
[*]
[*] #keepalive_timeout0;
[*] keepalive_timeout65;
[*]
[*] #gzipon;
[*]
[*] # Load config files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory
[*] # The default server is in conf.d/default.conf
[*] #include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
[*] server {
[*] listen 80 default_server;
[*] server_name_;
[*]
[*] #charset koi8-r;
[*]
[*] #access_loglogs/host.access.logmain;
[*]
[*] location / {
[*] root {{ pillar['nginx']['root'] }};
[*] indexindex.html index.htm;
[*] }
[*]
[*] error_page404 /404.html;
[*] location = /404.html {
[*] root /usr/share/nginx/html;
[*] }
[*]
[*] # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
[*] #
[*] error_page 500 502 503 504/50x.html;
[*] location = /50x.html {
[*] root /usr/share/nginx/html;
[*] }
[*]
[*] }
[*]
[*]}
4)同步配置
#salt '*' state.highstate
（由于非第一次运行，看不到配置文件比对的信息）
5）验证结果：
1、登录root@SN2013-08-021
#vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
2、登录root@SN2012-07-010
#vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
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