【Nagios】Linux监控软件安装与配置（二）
一、安装扩展源# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
二、安装Nagios相关软件包
# yum -y install httpd nagios nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe
三、设置nagios后台登录用户名和密码
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# htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin#这里指定用户名为nagiosadmin，而不是其他
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
四、检查Nagios配置
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# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 3.5.1
Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-30-2013
License: GPL
Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
Read main config file okay...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/timeperiods.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/templates.cfg'...
Processing object config file '/etc/nagios/objects/localhost.cfg'...
Processing object config directory '/etc/nagios/conf.d'...
Read object config files okay...
Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking services...
Checked 8 services.
Checking hosts...
Checked 1 hosts.
Checking host groups...
Checked 1 host groups.
Checking service groups...
Checked 0 service groups.
Checking contacts...
Checked 1 contacts.
Checking contact groups...
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checking service escalations...
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking service dependencies...
Checked 0 service dependencies.
Checking host escalations...
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checking host dependencies...
Checked 0 host dependencies.
Checking commands...
Checked 24 commands.
Checking time periods...
Checked 5 time periods.
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
五、启动Nagios和http服务
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# /etc/init.d/httpd start
Starting httpd:
# /etc/init.d/nagios start
Starting nagios: done.
六、浏览器访问
七、Nagios添加被监控客户端主机
1、安装Nagios服务
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# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# yum -y install nagios-plugins nagios-plugins-all nrpe nagios-plugins-nrpe
2、修改/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg文件
# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
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81 allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.1.21 #添加nagios服务端IP
97 dont_blame_nrpe=1 #0改为1
3、启动nrpe
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# /etc/init.d/nrpe start
Starting nrpe:
4、Nagios服务端添加被监控客户端主机
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# cd /etc/nagios/conf.d/
# ls
# vim 192.168.1.251.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name 192.168.1.251
alias 1.251
address 192.168.1.251
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_ping
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_ssh
check_command check_ssh
max_check_attempts 5#当nagios检测到问题时，一共尝试检测5次都有问题才会告警，如果该数值为1，那么检测到问题立即告警
normal_check_interval 1#重新检测的时间间隔，单位是分钟，默认是3分钟
notification_interval 60 #在服务出现异常后，故障一直没有解决，nagios再次对使用者发出通知的时间。如果你认为，所有的事件只需要一次通知就够了，可以把这里的选项设为0
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_http
check_command check_http
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
5、检查配置
# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
6、重启nagios
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# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.
7、查看效果
八、添加nrpe支持的监控服务
1、添加nrpe服务
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/commands.cfg
################################################################################
# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-host-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HO
STNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /bin/mail
-s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition
define command{
command_name notify-service-by-email
command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService
: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAd
ditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$
is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$
}
define command{
command_name check_nrpe#自定义check
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}
################################################################################
2、添加nrpe服务脚本
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# vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.1.251.cfg
......
#check_nrpe
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_load#监控负载
check_command check_nrpe!check_load
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_disk_sda1
check_command check_nrpe!check_hda1#check_nrpe为前面自定义的模块名称，check_hda1为被监控主机/etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg文件里定义的脚本名称
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
}
#define service{ #可以添加多块磁盘监控
# use generic-service
# host_name 192.168.1.251
# service_description check_disk_hda2
# check_command check_nrpe!check_hda2
# max_check_attempts 5
# normal_check_interval 1
#}
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# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
.......
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
3、被监控主机通过nrpe.cfg文件定义的脚本命令
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# vim /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
# The following examples use hardcoded command arguments...
command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda1
#command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda2
command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command=/usr/lib64/nagios/plugins/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
4、重启服务
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# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
Running configuration check...done.
Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: done.
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# /etc/init.d/nrpe restart
Shutting down nrpe:
Starting nrpe:
5、web页面查看结果
6、查看nagios日志文件
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# ls /var/log/nagios/
archivesnagios.logobjects.cacheretention.datspoolstatus.dat
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# cat /var/log/nagios/nagios.log
Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1319)
Local time is Sun Dec 06 20:31:35 CST 2015
LOG VERSION: 2.0
Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1320)
SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;1;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;2;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;SOFT;3;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
SERVICE ALERT: localhost;HTTP;WARNING;HARD;4;HTTP WARNING: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden - 5159 bytes in 0.001 second response time
Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
Successfully shutdown... (PID=1320)
Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1474)
Local time is Sun Dec 06 20:41:24 CST 2015
LOG VERSION: 2.0
Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1475)
Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
Successfully shutdown... (PID=1475)
Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=1833)
Local time is Sun Dec 06 21:34:23 CST 2015
LOG VERSION: 2.0
Finished daemonizing... (New PID=1834)
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;1;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;2;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;3;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;SOFT;4;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;HARD;5;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
SERVICE NOTIFICATION: nagiosadmin;192.168.1.251;check_http;CRITICAL;notify-service-by-email;connect to address 192.168.1.251 and port 80: Connection refused
Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
Successfully shutdown... (PID=1834)
Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=2330)
Local time is Sun Dec 06 22:07:54 CST 2015
LOG VERSION: 2.0
Finished daemonizing... (New PID=2331)
SERVICE ALERT: 192.168.1.251;check_http;OK;HARD;5;HTTP OK: HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 3910 bytes in 0.001 second response time
SERVICE NOTIFICATION: nagiosadmin;192.168.1.251;check_http;OK;notify-service-by-email;HTTP OK: HTTP/1.1 200 OK - 3910 bytes in 0.001 second response time
Caught SIGTERM, shutting down...
Successfully shutdown... (PID=2331)
Nagios 3.5.1 starting... (PID=2614)
Local time is Sun Dec 06 22:21:54 CST 2015
LOG VERSION: 2.0
Finished daemonizing... (New PID=2615)
九、Nagios配置邮件警告
1、增加define contact和define contactgroup配置
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# vim /etc/nagios/objects/contacts.cfg
# We only have one contact in this simple configuration file, so there is
# no need to create more than one contact group.
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name admins
alias Nagios Administrators
members nagiosadmin
}
# add mail addressee
define contact{
contact_name admin
use generic-contact
alias administrator
email 741616710@qq.com
}
define contact{
contact_name ming
use generic-contact
alias HM
email root@huangmingming.cn
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name common
alias common
members admin,ming
}
2、修改define service，增加相应配置
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# vim /etc/nagios/conf.d/192.168.1.251.cfg
define service{
use generic-service
host_name 192.168.1.251
service_description check_http
check_command check_http
max_check_attempts 5
normal_check_interval 1
contact_groups common
notifications_enabled 1
notification_period 24x7
notification_options w,u,c,r
}
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# nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
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