kvm虚拟机的克隆
kvm虚拟机的克隆分为两种情况：kvm主机本机虚拟机直接克隆和通过复制配置文件与磁盘文件的虚拟机复制克隆。接下来我们一一进行测试：（一）kvm主机虚拟机的直接克隆1，查看虚拟机的配置文件和磁盘文件：
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# cat /etc/libvirt/qemu/hadoop1.xml
<!--
WARNING: THIS IS AN AUTO-GENERATED FILE. CHANGES TO IT ARE LIKELY TO BE
OVERWRITTEN AND LOST. Changes to this xml configuration should be made using:
virsh edit hadoop1
or other application using the libvirt API.
-->
<domain type='qemu'>
<name>hadoop1</name>
<uuid>919f0921-0736-ad5b-780b-a440de2f35cb</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>524288</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>524288</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.6.0'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
</features>
<clock offset='utc'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/>
<source file='/images/test/hadoop1.img'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='block' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='ide' index='0'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<interface type='bridge'>
<mac address='52:54:00:b6:bf:1f'/>
<source bridge='br0'/>
<model type='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<target port='0'/>
</serial>
<console type='pty'>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
</console>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5911' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>
<video>
<model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>
查看磁盘文件
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# ll/images/test/
total 2688992
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 10737418240 Feb4 14:38 hadoop1.img
-rwxr-xr-x 1 qemu qemu 10737418240 Feb4 14:43 hadoop4.img
-rwxr-xr-x 1 qemu qemu8589934592 Feb2 15:03 win7.img
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
1 win7 running
3 hadoop4 running
- hadoop1 shut off
2，开始克隆
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# virt-clone -o hadoop1 -n hadoop2 -f /images/test/hadoop2.img
Cloning hadoop1.img |10 GB 02:52
Clone 'hadoop2' created successfully.
3，然后启动虚拟机，配置主机名，ip地址等等相关的信息，相关详细配置都是经常使用的略。
（二）复制配置文件与磁盘文件克隆
这里采用以hadoop4作为模板，来进行克隆。
1，关闭hadoop4虚拟机
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# virsh destroy hadoop4
Domain hadoop4 destroyed
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
1 win7 running
6 hadoop2 running
- hadoop1 shut off
- hadoop4 shut off
2，克隆hadoop4.xml文件
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# virsh dumpxml hadoop4 > /etc/libvirt/qemu/hadoop3.xml
# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu/
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Feb2 17:18 autostart
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1 Feb2 17:13 hadoop1.bak.xml
-rw------- 1 root root 2998 Feb2 13:54 hadoop1.xml
-rw------- 1 root root 2998 Feb4 14:54 hadoop2.xml
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2740 Feb4 15:12 hadoop3.xml
-rw------- 1 root root 2965 Feb2 17:25 hadoop4.xml
drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Jan 26 16:47 networks
-rw------- 1 root root 3036 Feb2 15:52 win7.xml
3，复制kvm虚拟机磁盘文件，该磁盘文件的路径也可以通过配置文件xml, <source file='/images/test/hadoop4.img'/>路径进行查看
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# cp hadoop4.img hadoop3.img
# ls
hadoop1.imghadoop2.imghadoop3.imghadoop4.imgwin7.img
4，直接编辑修改配置文件（修改name,uuid，source file，vnc端口号等等）
# vi /etc/libvirt/qemu/hadoop3.xml
<domain type='qemu'>
<name>hadoop3</name>
<uuid>586b3cae-943f-d283-d8e7-ed62b01bfa38</uuid>
<memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
<currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>
<vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
<os>
<type arch='x86_64' machine='rhel6.6.0'>hvm</type>
<boot dev='hd'/>
</os>
<features>
<acpi/>
<apic/>
<pae/>
</features>
<clock offset='utc'/>
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
<on_crash>restart</on_crash>
<devices>
<emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw' cache='none'/>
<source file='/images/test/hadoop4.img'/>
<target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<disk type='block' device='cdrom'>
<driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
<target dev='hdc' bus='ide'/>
<readonly/>
<address type='drive' controller='0' bus='1' target='0' unit='0'/>
</disk>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x7'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
<master startport='0'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
<master startport='2'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
<master startport='4'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x2'/>
</controller>
<controller type='ide' index='0'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
</controller>
<interface type='network'>
<mac address='52:54:00:fe:f5:a3'/>
<source network='default'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>
</interface>
<serial type='pty'>
<target port='0'/>
</serial>
<console type='pty'>
<target type='serial' port='0'/>
</console>
<input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
<graphics type='vnc' port='5913' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>
<video>
<model type='cirrus' vram='9216' heads='1'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
</video>
<memballoon model='virtio'>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</memballoon>
</devices>
</domain>
4，重新定义新虚拟机的配置文件
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# virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/hadoop3.xml
Domain hadoop3 defined from /etc/libvirt/qemu/hadoop3.xml
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
1 win7 running
6 hadoop2 running
- hadoop1 shut off
- hadoop3 shut off
- hadoop4 shut off
5，最后启动该虚拟机，登录进行相关的配置等等。
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