Puppet基础篇5-如何建立master和agent之间的认证关系
一、手动注册手动注册是由Agent端先发起证书申请请求，然后由Puppetserver端确认证书方可注册成功，这种注册方式安全系数中等，逐一注册（puppet cert --sign certnmame）在节点数量较大的情况下是比较麻烦的，效率也低，批量注册(puppet cert --sign --all)效率很高，一次性便可注册所有的Agent的请求，但是这种方式安全系数较低，因为错误的请求也会被注册上。
1、节点申请注册
# puppet agent --test
info: Creating a new SSL key for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Caching certificate for ca
info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Certificate Request fingerprint (md5): 69:D2:86:E4:7F:00:E0:55:61:19:02:34:9E:9B:AF:F9
Exiting; no certificate found and waitforcert is disabled
2、服务器端确定认证
# puppet cert --list --all #查看认证情况
"agent1_cert.yunvn.com"(69:D2:86:E4:7F:00:E0:55:61:19:02:34:9E:9B:AF:F9) #未认证
+ "puppetmaster.yunvn.com" (C0:E3:6B:76:36:EC:92:93:4D:BF:F0:8F:77:00:91:C8) (alt names: "DNS:puppet", "DNS:puppet.yunvn.com", "DNS:puppetmaster.yunvn.com")
# puppet cert --sign agent1_cert.yunvn.com #注册agent1
notice: Signed certificate request for agent1_cert.yunvn.com #将请求的证书正式注册
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem' #删除请求
# puppet cert --list --all #再次查看认证情况
+ "agent1_cert.yunvn.com"(3E:46:4E:75:34:9A:5A:62:A6:3C:AE:BD:49:EE:C0:F5)
+ "puppetmaster.yunvn.com" (C0:E3:6B:76:36:EC:92:93:4D:BF:F0:8F:77:00:91:C8) (alt names: "DNS:puppet", "DNS:puppet.yunvn.com", "DNS:puppetmaster.yunvn.com")
# tree /var/lib/puppet/ssl/ #另外一种查看认证的方式
/var/lib/puppet/ssl/
├── ca
│ ├── ca_crl.pem
│ ├── ca_crt.pem
│ ├── ca_key.pem
│ ├── ca_pub.pem
│ ├── inventory.txt
│ ├── private
│ │ └── ca.pass
│ ├── requests
│ ├── serial
│ └── signed
│ ├── agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem#已经注册成功
│ └── puppetmaster.yunvn.com.pem
├── certificate_requests
├── certs
│ ├── ca.pem
│ └── puppetmaster.yunvn.com.pem
├── crl.pem
├── private
├── private_keys
│ └── puppetmaster.yunvn.com.pem
└── public_keys
└── puppetmaster.yunvn.com.pem
9 directories, 14 files
3、motd模块测试
# puppet agent --test#测试节点agent1
info: Caching catalog for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Applying configuration version '1394304542'
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content:
--- /etc/motd 2000-01-13 07:18:52.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20140309-4571-1vqc18j-0 2014-03-09 02:51:47.000000000 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+-- --
+--------puppet test---------
+-- --
info: FileBucket adding {md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
info: /Stage/Motd/File: Filebucketed /etc/motd to puppet with sum d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content: content changed '{md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' to '{md5}87ea3a1af8650395038472457cc7f2b1'
notice: Finished catalog run in 0.40 seconds
二、自动注册
这种注册方式简单来讲是通过Puppetmaster端的ACL列表进行控制的，安全系统较低，也就是说符合预先定义的ACL列表中的所有节点请求不需要确认都会被自动注册上，也就是说你只需要知道ACL列表要求，其次能和PuppetMaster端通信便可轻易注册成功。当然，它的最大优点就是效率非常高。 1、清除PuppetMaster端已经注册的agent1的证书
# puppet cert --clean agent1_cert.yunvn.com
notice: Revoked certificate with serial 3
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
# puppet cert --list--all #agent1证书已经删除
+ "agent2_cert.yunvn.com" (A0:CE:70:BE:A9:11:BF:F4:C8:EF:25:8E:C2:2C:3B:B7)
+ "agent3_cert.yunvn.com" (98:93:F7:0C:ED:94:81:3D:51:14:86:68:2B:F3:F1:A0)
+ "puppetmaster.yunvn.com" (C0:E3:6B:76:36:EC:92:93:4D:BF:F0:8F:77:00:91:C8) (alt names: "DNS:puppet", "DNS:puppet.yunvn.com", "DNS:puppetmaster.yunvn.com")
+ "puppetmaster_cert.yunvn.com" (57:A3:D7:3D:64:2F:D6:FD:BC:2A:6C:79:68:73:EA:AB)
2、在agent1端删除注册过的证书
# rm -rf /var/lib/puppet/ssl/*
3、在Puppetmaster端编写ACL列表
# vim /etc/puppet/autosign.conf
*.yunvn.com
# /etc/init.d/puppetmaster restart
Stopping puppetmaster:
Starting puppetmaster:
# puppet cert --list--all
4、自动注册
# puppet agent --test #申请证书
info: Creating a new SSL key for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Caching certificate for ca
info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Certificate Request fingerprint (md5): ED:C9:C7:DF:F1:0E:53:1C:D3:73:5D:B7:D3:94:1F:60
info: Caching certificate for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Caching certificate_revocation_list for ca
info: Caching catalog for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Applying configuration version '1394359075'
notice: Finished catalog run in 1.39 seconds
# cat /etc/motd
-- --
--------puppet test---------
-- --
5、服务器端查看
# puppet cert --list--all#agent1已经自动注册成功
+ "agent1_cert.yunvn.com" (9E:1A:2B:48:26:7D:26:8D:1D:F5:5E:34:A1:6B:13:5F)
+ "agent2_cert.yunvn.com" (A0:CE:70:BE:A9:11:BF:F4:C8:EF:25:8E:C2:2C:3B:B7)
+ "agent3_cert.yunvn.com" (98:93:F7:0C:ED:94:81:3D:51:14:86:68:2B:F3:F1:A0)
+ "puppetmaster.yunvn.com" (C0:E3:6B:76:36:EC:92:93:4D:BF:F0:8F:77:00:91:C8) (alt names: "DNS:puppet", "DNS:puppet.yunvn.com", "DNS:puppetmaster.yunvn.com")
+ "puppetmaster_cert.yunvn.com" (57:A3:D7:3D:64:2F:D6:FD:BC:2A:6C:79:68:73:EA:AB)
6、节点测试
# >/etc/motd #删除文件内容
# puppet agent --test
info: Caching catalog for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Applying configuration version '1394359075'
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content:
--- /etc/motd 2014-03-09 17:59:02.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20140309-3678-15tazyj-0 2014-03-09 17:59:06.000000000 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+-- --
+--------puppet test---------
+-- --
info: FileBucket got a duplicate file {md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
info: /Stage/Motd/File: Filebucketed /etc/motd to puppet with sum d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content: content changed '{md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' to '{md5}87ea3a1af8650395038472457cc7f2b1'
notice: Finished catalog run in 0.42 seconds
# cat /etc/motd #文件内容已经生成
-- --
--------puppet test---------
-- --
三、预签名注册
预签名注册是在agent端未提出申请的情况下，预先在puppetmaster端生成agent端的证书，然后复制到节点对应的目录下即可注册成功，这种方式安全系数最高，但是操作麻烦，需要提前预知所有节点服务器的certname名称，其次需要将生成的证书逐步copy到所有节点上去。不过，如果你的系统中安装了kickstart或者cobbler这样的自动化工具，倒是可以将证书部分转换成脚本集成到统一自动化部署中 注：生产环境中建议此方式进行注册，既安全又可靠！
1、清除PuppetMaster端已经注册的agent1的证书
# puppet cert --clean agent1_cert.yunvn.com
notice: Revoked certificate with serial 3
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/signed/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::Certificate agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
# puppet cert --list--all #agent1证书已经删除
+ "agent2_cert.yunvn.com" (A0:CE:70:BE:A9:11:BF:F4:C8:EF:25:8E:C2:2C:3B:B7)
+ "agent3_cert.yunvn.com" (98:93:F7:0C:ED:94:81:3D:51:14:86:68:2B:F3:F1:A0)
+ "puppetmaster.yunvn.com" (C0:E3:6B:76:36:EC:92:93:4D:BF:F0:8F:77:00:91:C8) (alt names: "DNS:puppet", "DNS:puppet.yunvn.com", "DNS:puppetmaster.yunvn.com")
+ "puppetmaster_cert.yunvn.com" (57:A3:D7:3D:64:2F:D6:FD:BC:2A:6C:79:68:73:EA:AB)
2、在agent1端删除注册的所有信息，包括证书
# rm -rf /var/lib/puppet/*
3、删除自动注册ACL列表
# mv /etc/puppet/autosign.conf{,.bak}
4、puppetserver端预先生成agent1证书
# puppetca --generate agent1_cert.yunvn.com
notice: agent1_cert.yunvn.com has a waiting certificate request
notice: Signed certificate request for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest agent1_cert.yunvn.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/certificate_requests/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem'
5、节点生成目录结构
# puppet agent --test --server=abc.com #随便指定server端，生成目录结构
info: Creating a new SSL key for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
err: Could not request certificate: getaddrinfo: Temporary failure in name resolution
Exiting; failed to retrieve certificate and waitforcert is disabled
# tree /var/lib/puppet/ssl/
/var/lib/puppet/ssl/
|-- certificate_requests
|-- certs
|-- private
|-- private_keys
| `-- agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem
`-- public_keys
`-- agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem
5 directories, 2 files
6、puppetmaster端copy证书到agent1上
# scp /var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pemagent1.yunvn.com:/var/lib/puppet/ssl/private_keys/
agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem 100% 3243 3.2KB/s 00:00
# scp /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pemagent1.yunvn.com:/var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/
agent1_cert.yunvn.com.pem 100% 1944 1.9KB/s 00:00
# scp /var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pemagent1.yunvn.com:/var/lib/puppet/ssl/certs/
ca.pem 100% 1915 1.9KB/s 00:00
#
7、agent1测试
# >/etc/motd
# puppet agent --test
info: Caching certificate_revocation_list for ca
info: Caching catalog for agent1_cert.yunvn.com
info: Applying configuration version '1394359075'
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content:
--- /etc/motd 2014-03-09 18:18:10.000000000 +0800
+++ /tmp/puppet-file20140309-4071-1gypudk-0 2014-03-09 18:18:17.000000000 +0800
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+-- --
+--------puppet test---------
+-- --
info: FileBucket adding {md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
info: /Stage/Motd/File: Filebucketed /etc/motd to puppet with sum d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
notice: /Stage/Motd/File/content: content changed '{md5}d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' to '{md5}87ea3a1af8650395038472457cc7f2b1'
info: Creating state file /var/lib/puppet/state/state.yaml
notice: Finished catalog run in 0.41 seconds
# cat /etc/motd
-- --
--------puppet test---------
-- --
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