kvm克隆和快照
kvm克隆创建克隆时，虚拟机必须是关闭的。
virt-clone --original original_vm --name clone_vm_name --file /path/to/clone_vm_name
--original：指定被克隆的虚拟机
--name：克隆后目标虚拟机的名称
--file：指定克隆后目标虚拟机的存储路径
例子：
# virt-clone --original CentOs6.8 --name centos6.8_clone --file /data/kvm/CentOs6.8_clone.img
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
8 CentOs6.7 running
- CentOs6.8 shut off
- centos6.8_clone shut off
kvm快照
kvm快照在虚拟机开启和关闭状态都可以创建，并且虚拟机的磁盘格式必须是qcow2。
1 查看和kvm快照相关的命令
# virsh help snapshot
Snapshot (help keyword 'snapshot'):
snapshot-create Create a snapshot from XML
snapshot-create-as Create a snapshot from a set of args
snapshot-current Get or set the current snapshot
snapshot-delete Delete a domain snapshot
snapshot-dumpxml Dump XML for a domain snapshot
snapshot-edit edit XML for a snapshot
snapshot-info snapshot information
snapshot-list List snapshots for a domain
snapshot-parent Get the name of the parent of a snapshot
snapshot-revert Revert a domain to a snapshot
2 创建快照
virsh snapshot-create vm_name
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.7
快照存储路径：/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/snapshot下对应虚拟机名称的目录中
2.1 查看虚拟机磁盘格式和快照
qemu-img info /path/to/vm_disk
# qemu-img info /data/kvm/CentOs6.7.qcow2
image: /data/kvm/CentOs6.7.qcow2
file format: qcow2
Snapshot list:
ID TAG VM SIZE DATE VM CLOCK
1 1457180938 261M 2016-03-05 20:28:58 00:51:20.214
# qemu-img info /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img
image: /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img
file format: raw
3 如何使raw格式的虚拟磁盘也能创建快照？
3.1 为raw格式磁盘创建快照时报的错误
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.8
error: unsupported configuration: internal snapshot for disk vda unsupported for storage type raw
3.2 转换raw为qcow2
# qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 /data/kvm/CentOs6.8.img /data/kvm/centos6.8.qcow2
3.3 修改虚拟机配置文件
virsh edit vm_name
此命令编辑的文件实际上是/etc/libvirt/qemu/目录下和虚拟机同名并且以xml结尾的文件
# virsh edit CentOs6.8
#将type和source file修改为指定格式。
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
<driver name='qemu' type='qcow2' cache='none'/>
<source file='/data/kvm/centos6.8.qcow2'/>
<target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
<address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>
</disk>
3.4 创建快照
# virsh snapshot-create CentOs6.8
Domain snapshot 1457182425 created
4 列出快照和恢复快照
4.1 列出快照
virsh snapshot-list vm_name
# virsh snapshot-list CentOs6.7
Name Creation Time State
------------------------------------------------------------
1457180938 2016-03-05 20:28:58 +0800 running
4.2 恢复快照
virsh snapshot-revert vm_name snap_name
# virsh snapshot-revert CentOs6.7 1457180938
5 删除快照
virsh snapshot-delete vm_name snap_name
# virsh snapshot-delete CentOs6.7 1457180938
如何修改主机名?
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