Nagios安装与部署实例
[*]安装前的准备
3台装有rhel6.2x64系统的机器，其中一台作为服务端（192.168.5.203），另两台为被监控端（192.168.5.204和192.168.5.206）
在服务端：
1)创建nagios用户和用户组
# pwd
/root
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
# mkdir /usr/local/nagios
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
2）开始系统的sendmail服务
# /etc/init.d/sendmail start
只需开启sendmail服务，无需配置
2.编译安装
# tar zxvf nagios-3.2.3.tar.gz
# cd nagios-3.2.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
# make all
# make install
# make install-init
# make install-commandmode
# make install-config
# chkconfig --add nagios
# chkconfig --level 35 nagios on
3.安装nagios插件
# tar nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.14
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios
# make
# make install
4.安装Apache和php
# tar jxvf httpd-2.2.23.tar.bz2
# cd httpd-2.2.23
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache2
# make &&make install
# tar zxvf php-5.4.10.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.10
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \
> --with-gd --with-zlib --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs
# make && make install
配置Apache
1）首先在/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf 中修改apache进程的启动用户为nagios
修改为:(大概在第67行)
User nagios
Group nagios
2）然后找到 DirectoryIndex(大概在168行 )
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
3）增加如下内容(大概在311行增加)
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
4）授权访问nagios的web监控界面，需要增加验证配置，在http.conf文件的最后添加如下信息：
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
AuthType Basic
Options ExecCGI
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "Nagios Access"
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
AuthType Basic
Options None
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
AuthName "nagios Access"
AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd
Require valid-user
</Directory>
5）创建Apache目录验证文件htpasswd (用户名ixdba ，密码1)
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd \
> -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd ixdba
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagios
6）启动apache服务
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
3.在服务端（192.168.5.203）安装NRPE外部构件监控远程主机
# tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.12
# make all
# make install-plugin
4.在被监控端（192.168.5.204和192.168.5.206）安装nagios客户端和NRPE(两台一样照下面操作)
1）在被监控机上安装nagios-plugins
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz
root@localhost ~]# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.14
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
2)在被监控机上安装nrpe
# tar zxvf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.12
# ./configure
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
3)被监控机的NRPE
修改 /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg 中的allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1，(79行)修改为
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,192.168.5.203
启动nrpe进程
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# ps -ef | grep nrpe
nagios 21885 10 Sep09 ? 00:00:08 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# netstat -tunl | grep 5666
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
4）在服务端上测试与客户端能否正常通信，执行命令如下，表明，NRPE可以与客户端正常通信。
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.5.204
NRPE v2.12
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.5.206
NRPE v2.12
5）定义一个check_nrpe监控命令
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
definecommand{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
}
6)在被监控机（192.168.5.204#假设该机器主要服务是web）上定义新增加监控服务器内容（204行）
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_tcp!80!5
重启nrpe进程才能生效：杀死进程，再启动进程
在被监控机（192.168.5.206#假设该机器主要服务是mysql）上定义新增加监控服务器内容（204行）
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_tcp!3306!5
重启nrpe进程才能生效：杀死进程，再启动进程
4.在服务端添加被监控主机和监控服务
# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
# ls
cgi.cfgcgi.cfg~htpasswdnagios.cfgnagios.cfg~objectsresource.cfgresource.cfg~
1）templates.cfg (默认不动)
位置 /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
2）resource.cfg（只有一行，大概是第26行，保证是下面参数）
#vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg
$USER1$=/usr/local/nagios/libexec
3）commands.cfg（默认不动）
4）host.cfg(默认没有，需要手动创建,此文件定义监控主机的名字和IP)
# pwd
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg
define host{
use linux-server ;默认写linux-server, 在templates.cfg中默认定义
host_name web ;这个主机名可以任意命名
alias ixdba-web ;别名任意命名
address 192.168.5.204 ;被监控机地址
}
define host{
use linux-server
host_name mysql
alias ixdba-mysql
address 192.168.5.206
}
definehostgroup ;定义主机组
hostgroup_namesa-server ;主机组名称任意命名
alias sa server ;主机别名
members web,mysql ;上面定义的两个主机
}
5）services.cfg（默认没有，需手动创建，此文件用来定义被监控主机的服务）
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
define service{
use local-service ;默认local-servvice,已在templates.cfg中默认定义
host_name web ;web主机,即192.168.5.204，已在hosts.cfg中定义
service_description web80;监控内容描述，名称意思接近服务即可，任意
check_command check_nrpe!check_tcp80 ;命令已在被监控机nrpe.cfg中定义
}
defineservice{
use local-service
host_name mysql
service_description mysql3306
check_command check_nrpe!check_tcp3306
}
defineservicegroup{ ;定义服务组，不是重点
servicegroup_name servergroup
alias server-group
members web,web80,mysql,mysql3306
}
~
6)contacts.cfg(定义联系人和联系人组)
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin ; 联系人名称，自定义 use generic-contact ; 使用generic-contact的属性信息，已在templates.cfg中定义
alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user
email 15901392876@139.com ; 邮箱
}
define contactgroup{
contactgroup_name admins ;联系人组名称
alias Nagios Administrators
members nagiosadmin
}
7)timeperiods.cfg(定义监控时间段,已默认定义，无需改动)
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg
define timeperiod{
timeperiod_name 24x7
alias 24 Hours A Day, 7 Days A Week
sunday 00:00-24:00
monday 00:00-24:00
tuesday 00:00-24:00
wednesday 00:00-24:00
thursday 00:00-24:00
friday 00:00-24:00
saturday 00:00-24:00
}
8）cgi.cfg(此文件用来控制相关CGI脚本，只需在此文件添加用户的执行权限)
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
default_user_name=ixdba
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,ixdba
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,ixdba
9)nagios.cfg（nagios的核心配置文件）
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg(添加)
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg （添加）
use_authentication=1 #0改成1，大概78行
5.验证nagios配置文件的正确性
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
根据提示在错误在哪个文件的第几行有错误，而适当修改，（配置正确提示 警告0，错误0）
Checking for circular paths between hosts...
Checking for circular host and service dependencies...
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
# service nagios start
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