kvm虚拟机
环境CentOS release 7.2 x86_644核8G内存
查看是否支持虚拟技术
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | egrep 'vmx|svm'
......eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl ......
安装kvm
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python python-virtinst libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewerlibguestfs-tools -y
创建网桥dr0
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-dr0
DEVICE=dr0
TYPE=Bridge
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROYO=static
IPADDR=192.168.2.249
GATEWAY=192.168.2.1
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp2s0
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
DEFROUTE="yes"
NAME="enp2s0"
UUID="e94f67f1-5abd-4cd8-a856-15ab9a4b8834"
DEVICE="enp2s0"
ONBOOT="yes"
#IPADDR="192.168.2.249"
PREFIX="24"
#GATEWAY="192.168.2.1"
BRIDGE=dr0
NM_CONTROLLED="no"
重启网络：
# service network restart
# ifconfig #查看网络 centos7 无ifconfig命令yum install net-tools
dr0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.249netmask 255.255.255.0broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::feaa:14ff:feef:1d77prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fc:aa:14:ef:1d:77txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 241231bytes 487712833 (465.1 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 95332bytes 31500606 (30.0 MiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
enp2s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::feaa:14ff:feef:1d77prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fc:aa:14:ef:1d:77txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 604728bytes 604285997 (576.2 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 136489bytes 35905234 (34.2 MiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1prefixlen 128scopeid 0x10<host>
looptxqueuelen 0(Local Loopback)
RX packets 68bytes 5508 (5.3 KiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 68bytes 5508 (5.3 KiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
在添加一个网桥（作为虚拟机内网）
# brctl addbr dr1
# ifconfig dr1 10.0.2.1 up#启动dr1网桥，并附加一个IP
查看网络：
dr0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.249netmask 255.255.255.0broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::feaa:14ff:feef:1d77prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fc:aa:14:ef:1d:77txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 3471895bytes 3437758241 (3.2 GiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 1612573bytes 1630220826 (1.5 GiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
dr1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 10.0.2.1netmask 255.0.0.0broadcast 10.255.255.255
inet6 fe80::5003:41ff:fe4e:93e2prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fe:54:00:28:5b:31txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 7376bytes 335487 (327.6 KiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 25bytes 1754 (1.7 KiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
enp2s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::feaa:14ff:feef:1d77prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether fc:aa:14:ef:1d:77txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 9195872bytes 5168391001 (4.8 GiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 5197454bytes 2893988504 (2.6 GiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1prefixlen 128scopeid 0x10<host>
looptxqueuelen 0(Local Loopback)
RX packets 1215bytes 88597 (86.5 KiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 1215bytes 88597 (86.5 KiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
创建目录
# mkdir -p /data/kvm/images/ #镜像存储路径
# mkdir -p /data/kvm/kvmimg/ #虚拟机存储路径
# mkdir -p /data/kvm/template/ #虚拟机配置模板路径
至此kvm安装完成
创建kvm虚拟机
# virt-install --name tem --ram 1024 --vcpus=1 --disk path=/data/kvm/kvmimg/tem.img,size=40 --bridge=dr0 --bridge=dr1 --accelerate --cdrom=/data/kvm/images/CentOS-6.7-x86_64-minimal.iso--vnc --vncport=9998 --vnclisten=0.0.0.0
参数说明：--name 虚拟机名
--ram内存（单位MB）
--vcpus cpu个数
--disk 存储配置 path 路径 size 大小（单位G）这里
--bridge=[网桥名] 网络配置如需要多个网络就配置多个[--bridge=[网桥名]]
--accelerate KVM或KQEMU内核加速
--cdrom镜像路径
--vnc vnc配置 vncport 端口号
用vnc连接工具安装（系统安装步骤略...）
附加硬盘
# qemu-img create /data/kvm/kvmimg/data-host01.img 100G 创建一个100G的磁盘
# virsh attach-disk /data/kvm/kvmimg/data-host01.img vda
取消附加硬盘
# virsh detach-disk vda
使用虚拟机作为模板
1. # rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules -rf（centos 6.X）
2. # init 0
kvm 快速克隆脚本
创建配置模板
cat /data/kvm/template/ifcfg-eth0 #网卡1配置模板
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
GATEWAY=192.168.2.1
NATMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=0.0.0.0
cat /data/kvm/template/ifcfg-eth1 #网卡2配置模板
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=0.0.0.0
cat /data/kvm/template/network #主机名配置模板
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain
提供shell脚本如下：
cat /data/bin/kvm.sh
#!/bin/bash
#定义虚拟机名
read -p "Enter the host name:" hostname
#公网IP地址
read -p "Enter the public IP number:" public
#私网IP地址
read -p "Enter the private IP number:" private
#模板主机[必须是停止状态]
template=tem
#img文件存放位置
kvmimg_path=/data/kvm/kvmimg/
#外网网卡配置
eht0_path=/data/kvm/template/ifcfg-eth0
#内网网卡配置
eht1_path=/data/kvm/template/ifcfg-eth1
#虚拟机网卡配置文件路径
path=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
#主机名模板
hostname_path=/data/kvm/template/network
#虚拟机主机名路径
kvm_hostname_path=/etc/sysconfig/
while true
do
read -p "Confirm the virtual machine name($hostname) and public IP($public) and private IP($private):" statuss
if [ "$statuss" = "y" ];
then break;
elif [ "$statuss" = "n" ];
then break;
fi
done
if [ "$statuss" = "y" ]
then
/usr/bin/virt-clone -o $template -n $hostname -f $kvmimg_path$hostname.img
if [[ $? -eq 0 ]];
then
#修改本地配置文件
sed -i "s/IPADDR=0.0.0.0/IPADDR=$public/g" $eht0_path
sed -i "s/IPADDR=0.0.0.0/IPADDR=$private/g" $eht1_path
sed -i "s/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/HOSTNAME=$hostname/g" $hostname_path
#拷贝配置文件到虚拟机
virt-copy-in -d $hostname $eht0_path $path
virt-copy-in -d $hostname $eht1_path $path
virt-copy-in -d $hostname $hostname_path $kvm_hostname_path
#还原本地配置文件
sed -i "s/IPADDR=$public/IPADDR=0.0.0.0/g" $eht0_path
sed -i "s/IPADDR=$private/IPADDR=0.0.0.0/g" $eht1_path
sed -i "s/HOSTNAME=$hostname/HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain/g" $hostname_path
#启动虚拟机
virsh start $hostname
else echo "克隆虚拟机($hostname)失败！";
fi
else
echo "退出！"
fi
# /data/bin/kvm.sh
Enter the host name:web04
Enter the public IP number:192.168.2.219
Enter the private IP number:10.0.2.7
Confirm the virtual machine name(web04) and public IP(192.168.2.219) and private IP(10.0.2.7):y
WARNINGSetting the graphics device port to autoport, in order to avoid conflicting.
Allocating 'web04.img' |40 GB00:00:32
Clone 'web04' created successfully.
Domain web04 started
查看创建的虚拟机
# ssh 192.168.2.219
The authenticity of host '192.168.2.219 (192.168.2.219)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is d4:7a:0d:fa:c4:d3:b7:24:e4:4f:ac:9c:b5:c1:a2:e2.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.2.219' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.2.219's password:
Last login: Sat Aug6 09:39:19 2016 from 192.168.1.75
# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 52:54:00:E0:A8:42
inet addr:192.168.2.219Bcast:192.168.2.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fee0:a842/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:1189 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:83 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:63407 (61.9 KiB)TX bytes:13360 (13.0 KiB)
Interrupt:11
eth1 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 52:54:00:DB:D6:31
inet addr:10.0.2.7Bcast:10.255.255.255Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fedb:d631/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)TX bytes:720 (720.0 b)
Interrupt:11 Base address:0x2000
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:65536Metric:1
RX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:944 (944.0 b)TX bytes:944 (944.0 b)
# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.121) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=37.3 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=37.3 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=3 ttl=53 time=37.6 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.121: icmp_seq=4 ttl=53 time=37.6 ms
# ping 10.0.2.1
PING 10.0.2.1 (10.0.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.149 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.337 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.336 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.312 ms
页:
[1]