监控之nagios的安装部署（监控本机及其他主机的配置+警报机制的配置）
主机环境 redhat6.5 64位实验环境 服务端1 ip 172.25.25.1
服务端2 ip 172.25.25.2
安装包 nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz
nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2gd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpmnrpe-2.15.tar.gz防火墙状态：关闭
Selinux状态：Disabled
1.安装nagios、监控本地及测试
A）配置安装nagios及插件# ls
nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2
gd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm
# yum installgd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm -y
# useradd Nagios #创建系统用户ngios
# usermod -a -G nagcmd Nagios #将nagios添加到nagcmd附加组
# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache #将apache也添加到nagcnd附加组
# id Nagios #查看
uid=1001(nagios) gid=1001(nagios)groups=1001(nagios),1002(nagcmd)
# id apache
uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache),1002(nagcmd)
# tar jxf nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2#解压
# cd nagios-cn-3.2.3
# ./configure--with-command-group=nagcmd#配置
# make all
# make install #安装
# make install-init #安装脚本文件
# make install-config#安装配置文件
# make install-webconf
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users #查看密码
nagiosadmin:gCWSDnqEHR45c
# htpasswd -c/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin #修改密码
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
# cat/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.usersnagiosadmin:QNeDXoEuaEVuI
# /etc/init.d/httpd start #开启httpd
Stopping httpd: [ OK]
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #校验nagios的语法
# /etc/init.d/nagios start #开启nagios
Starting nagios: done.
#安装nagios插件
# tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz #解压
# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1
# ./config--with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios #配置
# make #编译
# make install #安装
B）添加本地服务 # vimnagios.cfg
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cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg #添加文件
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
# Definitions formonitoring the local (Linux) host
#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #标记localhost文件
# cd objects/
# cp -p localhost.cfg hosts.cfg
# cp -p localhost.cfg services.cfg
# vim hosts.cfg #主机配置文件
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define host{ #主机
use linux-server #使用的模板
host_name server1.example.com #主机名
alias Manager #别名
address 172.25.29.1 #ip
icon_image server.gif #下面几行是在拓扑图中的位置
statusmap_image server.gd2
2d_coords 500,200
3d_coords 500,200,100
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_namelinux-servers ;The name of the hostgroup
alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group
members * ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group
}
# vim resource.cfg #服务配置文件
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define servicegroup{ #服务组
servicegroup_name系统负荷检查
alias 负荷检查
membersserver1.example.com,进程总数,server1.example.com,登录用户数,server1.example.com,根分区,server1.example.com,交换空间利用率
}
define service{ #服务
use local-service #使用的模板
host_name *
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60% #要传的参数
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description 根分区
check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description 登录用户数
check_command check_local_users!20!50
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description 进程总数
check_command check_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description 系统负荷
check_command check_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description 交换空间利用率
check_command check_local_swap!20!10
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description SSH
check_command check_tcp!22!1.0!10.0
notifications_enabled 0
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name server1.example.com
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
notifications_enabled 0
}
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload #刷新
Running configuration check...done.
Reloading nagios configuration...done
C）测试172.25.25.1/Nagios
2.远程监控服务端2mysql及测试
A） 安装mysql及添加授权
服务端2
# yum install mysql-server -y #安装mysql
# /etc/init.d/mysqld start #开启mysql
# mysql_secure_installation #初始化，添加密码redhat
# mysql -predhat #进入mysql
mysql> create database nagdb; #添加nagdb库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant select on nagdb.* to nagios@'172.25.25.1'identified by 'redhat';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) #给nagios用户授予nagdb库的查看权限
mysql> Bye #退出
#服务端1，测试
# ./check_mysql -H 172.25.25.2 -u nagios-p redhat -d nagdb
B） 将mysql服务（服务端2）添加到nagios(服务端1)
服务端1
# vim hosts.cfg #定义主机
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define host{
use linux-server #调用的模版
host_name server2.example.com#主机名（command.cfg中要调用的参数）
alias MYSQL #别名
address 172.25.25.2 #ip
icon_image server.gif
statusmap_image server.gd2 #坐标的定义
2d_coords 400,200
3d_coords 400,200,100
}
# vim services.cfg #定义服务
####################check_mysql#######################
define service{
use local-service
host_name server2.example.com（调用hosts.cfg中的host_name）
service_description MYSQL
check_command check_mysql!nagios!redhat!nagdb #command.cfg中要调用的参数（命令名字！主机名！密码！数据库的名称）
}
# vim commands.cfg #定义命令
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# 'check_mysql' command definition
define command{
command_name check_mysql #命令的名字
command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u$ARG1$ -p $ARG2$ -d$ARG3$ #调用的脚本绝对路径 -H 主机名（调用hosts.cfg中的host_name） -u mysql的用户名 -p 用户密码 -d 数据库的名称
}
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #检查是否有语法错误
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0 #无语法错误
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during thepre-flight check
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload #刷新
Running configuration check...done.
Reloading nagios configuration...done
C）测试点击拓扑图，添加server2.example.com成功
点击主机，查看两台主机
点击服务，如图
3.远程监控服务端2的根分区和用户数
A）安装nagios插件及nrpe服务端2
# ls
nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
# tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz #解压plugins插件
# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1
# ./configure
# make
# make install
# cd /usr/local/nagios/
# ls
includelibexecshare
# useradd -u 1001 nagios #创建nagios用户
# chown nagios.nagios * -R #修改文件权限
# ll #查看
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 23 10:50 include
drwxr-xr-x 2 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 23 10:50 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 3 nagios nagios 4096 Oct 23 10:50 share
# cd /mnt/
# tar zxf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz #解压nrpe
# cd nrpe-2.15
# ./configure #配置
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
# yum install -y xinetd
# make install-xinetd
# vim /etc/services #添加nrpe的端口
nrpe 5666/tcp
# cd /etc/xinetd.d/
# vim nrpe #进入配置文件
15 only_from = 172.25.25.1 #允许172.25.25.1监听
# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/
# ls
nrpe.cfg
# vim nrpe.cfg #修改命令
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221 command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w20% -c 10% -p /
# cd ..
# ls
binetcinclude libexecshare
# cd libexec/
# ./check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p / #测试
DISK OK - free space: / 6222 MB (85% inode=93%);|/=1057MB;6135;6902;0;7669
# /etc/init.d/xinetd start #开启xinetd
Starting xinetd:
# netstat -antple |grep 5666 #查看端口，开启
tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 0 23552 23120/xinetd
# scp check_nrpe172.25.25.1:/usr/local/nagios/libexec/
root@172.25.25.1's password: #将nrpe传给服务端1
check_nrpe 100% 75KB 75.0KB/s 00:00
B) 将根分区和用户数（服务端2）添加到nagios（服务端1）服务端1
# pwd
/usr/local/nagios/libexec
# chown nagios.nagios check_nrpe #修改权限
# ./check_nrpe -H 172.25.25.2 #测试
NRPE v2.15
# cd ..
# cd etc/objects/
# vim services.cfg #添加服务
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####################check_nrpe#######################
define service{
use local-service
host_name server2.example.com
service_description 根分区
check_command check_nrpe!check_disk
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name server2.example.com
service_description 登录用户数
check_command check_nrpe!check_users
}
# vim commands.cfg #添加命令
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# 'check_nrpe' command definition
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c$ARG1$
}
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during thepre-flight check
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload #刷新
C）测试
4.nagios警报的配置及测试（邮件联系人）
# vim contacts.cfg #修改邮件地址
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35 email xxxxxxxxxx@qq.com
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload #刷新
$ cd /mnt/
$ ls
alert-agent-4.1.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz
$ tar zxfalert-agent-4.1.3.1-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
$ cd /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
$ cpalert-agent/plugin/nagios-plugin/nagios .
$ cpalert-agent/plugin/nagios-plugin/110monitor.cfg ../etc/objects/
$ chmod +x nagios
$ chmod nagios.nagios * -R
$ cd ..
# cd etc/
# vim nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/110monitor.cfg #添加
# cd objects/
# vim 110monitor.cfg
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18 pager 379cd8ca-5700-e2ef-10a2-c72a9158b55a #改成自己生成的key
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during thepre-flight check
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload
B）测试当把服务端2的mysql停掉之后，如图：
邮件也发过来了，如图
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