nginx、memcached、tomcat 负载均衡和集群配置,session共享
使用memcached-session-manager这个开源项目(http://code.google.com/p/memcached-session-manager/ ),下面简称msm。安装nginx、memcached、tomcat 省略
tomcat1、nginx、memcached安装在192.168.1.11
tomcat2安装在192.168.1.101
下面分步实现基于nginx的tomcat负载均衡和集群配置
一,tomcat集群
1,先下载msm及其依赖包
http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/memcached-session-manager-1.3.0.jar
http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/msm-javolution-serializer-jodatime-1.3.0.jar
http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/msm-javolution-serializer-cglib-1.3.0.jar
http://spymemcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-2.4.2.jar
http://memcached-session-manager.googlecode.com/files/javolution-5.4.3.1.jar
2,将这5个包放到$TOMCAT_HOME/lib目录下
3,修改$TOMCAT_HOME/conf/server.xml
Xml代码
[*]<Context docBase="E:/java_codes/TestSession/WebContent" path="" reloadable="true" >
[*]<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"
[*] memcachedNodes="n1:localhost:11211"
[*] requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"
[*] sessionBackupAsync="false"
[*] sessionBackupTimeout="100"
[*] transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"
[*] copyCollectionsForSerialization="false"
[*] />
[*]</Context>
这里的memcachedNodes是填写memcached节点,多个节点时可以以空隔分开,如:
n1:localhost:11211 n2:localhost:11212
sessionBackupTimeout的单位为分钟
E:/java_codes/TestSession/WebContent 替换成你的WEB目录
修改后重启两个TOMCAT即可,这个时候已经解决SESSION的共享问题.
二,配置nginx实现负载均衡
以我的nginx.conf为例
Xml代码
[*]#user nobody;
[*]worker_processes 1;
[*]
[*]error_log logs/error.log;
[*]
[*]events {
[*] worker_connections 1024;
[*]}
[*]
[*]
[*]http {
[*] include mime.types;
[*] default_type application/octet-stream;
[*]
[*] sendfile on;
[*] keepalive_timeout 65;
[*]
[*] #gzip on;
[*] upstream www.docyeah.com {
[*] server 192.168.1.11:8080;
[*] server 192.168.1.101:8080;
[*] }
[*] server {
[*] listen 80;
[*] server_name www.docyeah.com;
[*] charset utf-8;
[*] location / {
[*] root html;
[*] index index.html index.htm;
[*] proxy_pass http://www.docyeah.com;
[*] proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
[*] client_max_body_size 100m;
[*] }
[*]
[*]
[*] location ~ ^/(WEB-INF)/ {
[*] deny all;
[*] }
[*]
[*] error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
[*] location = /50x.html {
[*] root html;
[*] }
[*]
[*] }
[*]}
将www.docyeah.com替换成你的域名
192.168.1.11和192.168.1.101替换成你服务器的IP
结论:1.关闭任意一个tomcat ,不影响用户的登录使用
2.若tomcat出现内存溢出异常,则session失效,具体原因正在考证!
3.性能还不错,不过若使用基于kryo序列号方案效率会更好,transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.kryo.KryoTranscoderFactory"
弊端:
memcached出现异常,则全部的用户登录session全部失效(单点故障的可用性),现在还没有很好的解决办法!研究过 magent,magent是一款开源的Memcached代理服务器软件,但是主memcached宕机的时候,可有有效的转移到从memcached 上,但是当主memcached恢复的时候,里面是没有数据的,不能有效的失效数据同步。希望这点在新的版本中能很好的解决。magent参考地址:http://code.google.com/p/memagent/
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