my11502207 发表于 2016-12-28 07:52:05

nginx X-Accel-Redirect实现文件下载权限控制及rails devise实现

  问题1:Nginx的X-Accel-Redirect?
  答:
  对文件下载的权限进行精确控制在很多地方都需要,例如有偿的下载服务,网络硬盘,个人相册,防止本站内容被外站盗链。
  假设下载文件的路径在/path/to/files,比如有/path/to/files/test1.txt,可以在nginx里配置

location /down {
#这个路径只能在nginx内部访问
internal;
alias /path/to/files;
}
  关键字 internal 指明了那些目录需要通过X-Accel-Redirect头与后台脚本进行内部转向。
  问题2: rails利用Nginx的X-Accel-Redirect头实现下载控制?
  答:
  在nginx的配置文件中添加

location /downloads {
internal;
alias /path/to/files; #实际存放下载文件的目录
}
  在rails的controller中添加

def download
if authenticated? #进行验证...
#Set the X-Accel-Redirect header with the path relative to the /downloads location in nginx
response.headers['X-Accel-Redirect'] = '/downloads/myfile.zip'
#Set the Content-Type header as nginx won't change it and Rails will send text/html
response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
#If you want to force download, set the Content-Disposition header (which nginx won't change)
response.headers['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=myfile.zip'
#Make sure we don't render anything
render :nothing => true
end
end
  并且在config/routes.rb路由中添加该controller的路径
  #得到要下载的文件名
  filename = @params["filename"]
  问题3:rails的devise安装及使用http-basic?
  答:
  devise是提供了登录和验证授权的解决方案
  在rails3中安装devise
  在Gemfile中添加
  gem 'devise'
  bundle install
  使用
  接下来是通过generate安装devise相关代码
  rails generate devise:install
  rails generate devise user
  rails generate devise:views
  rake routes 查看路由
  在controllers里的applicationController.rb中添加
  before_filter :authenticate_user!
  配置devise的HTTP Basic Auth
  config/initializers/devise.rb设置
  config.http_authenticatable = true
  重启服务
  curl -u xx@xx.com:password http://127.0.0.1/download
  curl http://xx%40xx.com:password@127.0.0.1/download
  ps:
  rails plugin X-Accel-Redirect
  @asc%40
  http://presentations.royvandewater.com/authentication-with-devise.html
  varnish -> cache
  proxy_pass -> config
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