ansible安装以及配置优化和实现动态inventory
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# uname -a
Linux puppetserver25 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Sun Nov 10 22:19:54 EST 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)
Kernel \r on an \m
# python -V
Python 2.6.6
所需要的rpm包
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ansible-2.2.1.0-1.el6.noarch.rpm
libyaml-0.1.3-4.el6_6.x86_64.rpm
python-argparse-1.2.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
python-crypto2.6-2.6.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
python-httplib2-0.7.7-1.el6.noarch.rpm
python-jinja2-26-2.6-3.el6.noarch.rpm
python-keyczar-0.71c-1.el6.noarch.rpm
python-six-1.9.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm
PyYAML-3.10-3.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
sshpass-1.05-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
服务器如果可以出公网可以使用pip或者yum安装ansible
1.安装ansible
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yum install ansible -y
2.配置ansible，优化配置，提高ansible性能【/etc/ansible/ansible.cfg】
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forks = 150
transport = paramiko
#使用facter缓存，默认使用内存，支持redis
gathering = implicit
fact_caching_timeout = 86400
fact_caching = jsonfile
fact_caching_connection = /etc/ansible/facts/cache
host_key_checking = False
remote_user = test
deprecation_warnings = False
callback_plugins = /etc/ansible/callback_plugins
retry_files_enabled = False
become=True
become_method=sudo
become_user=root
become_ask_pass=False
ssh_args = -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no
pipelining = True
优化ssh，提高ansible性能
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$ more ~/.ssh/config
Host *
Compression yes
ServerAliveInterval 60
ServerAliveCountMax 5
ControlMaster auto
ControlPath ~/.ssh/%r@%h-%p
ControlPersist 4h
3.启用ansible的callback_plugins 显示ansible-playbook的执行时间
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$ more callback_plugins/profile_tasks.py
import datetime
import os
import time
from ansible.plugins.callback import CallbackBase
class CallbackModule(CallbackBase):
"""
A plugin for timing tasks
"""
def __init__(self):
super(CallbackModule, self).__init__()
self.stats = {}
self.current = None
def playbook_on_task_start(self, name, is_conditional):
"""
Logs the start of each task
"""
if os.getenv("ANSIBLE_PROFILE_DISABLE") is not None:
return
if self.current is not None:
# Record the running time of the last executed task
self.stats = time.time() - self.stats
# Record the start time of the current task
self.current = name
self.stats = time.time()
def playbook_on_stats(self, stats):
"""
Prints the timings
"""
if os.getenv("ANSIBLE_PROFILE_DISABLE") is not None:
return
# Record the timing of the very last task
if self.current is not None:
self.stats = time.time() - self.stats
# Sort the tasks by their running time
results = sorted(
self.stats.items(),
key=lambda value: value,
reverse=True,
)
# Just keep the top 10
results = results[:10]
# Print the timings
for name, elapsed in results:
print(
"{0:-<70}{1:->9}".format(
'{0} '.format(name),
' {0:.02f}s'.format(elapsed),
)
)
total_seconds = sum( for x in self.stats.items()])
print("\nPlaybook finished: {0}, {1} total tasks.{2} elapsed. \n".format(
time.asctime(),
len(self.stats.items()),
datetime.timedelta(seconds=(int(total_seconds)))
)
)
执行的效果如下
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test connection --------------------------------------------------------- 1.17s
Playbook finished: Wed Feb 15 13:09:06 2017, 1 total tasks.0:00:01 elapsed.
4.编写ansible的动态inventory脚本
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$ more inventory.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
import argparse
import sys
try:
import json
except ImportError:
import simplejson as json
def RFile():
with open('hostlist.txt', 'r+') as f:
result=[]
for line in f.readlines():
host = line.strip().split()
if host:
result.append(host)
return result
host_list = RFile()
def groupList():
group_list = []
for host in host_list:
group_list.append(host)
print (json.dumps({"all":group_list},indent=4))
def hostList(key):
host_dict = {}
for host in host_list:
host_dict] = {"ansible_ssh_host": host,"ansible_ssh_port":9999, "ansible_ssh_user":"test","ansible_ssh_pass":
"test","hostname":host}
print (json.dumps(host_dict, indent=4))
if len(sys.argv) == 2 and (sys.argv == '--list'):
groupList()
elif len(sys.argv) == 3 and (sys.argv == '--host'):
hostList(sys.argv)
else:
print "Usage: %s --list or --host <hostname>" % sys.argv
sys.exit(1)
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主机列表如下
more hostlist.txt
backup01.cn 10.44.245.85
测试playbook：test.yml
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$ more test.yml
- hosts: all
remote_user: test
gather_facts: no
become: yes
become_method: sudo
tasks:
- name: test connection
ping:
执行结果如下：
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$ ansible-playbook -i inventory.py test.yml
PLAY *********************************************************************
TASK *********************************************************
ok:
PLAY RECAP *********************************************************************
10.44.245.85 : ok=1 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0
test connection --------------------------------------------------------- 1.17s
Playbook finished: Wed Feb 15 13:20:09 2017, 1 total tasks.0:00:01 elapsed.
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