Elasticsearch模块功能之-索引模板（Index templates）
Elasticsearch模块功能之-索引模板（Index templates）索引可使用预定义的模板进行创建,这个模板称作Index templates。模板设置包括settings和mappings，通过模式匹配的方式使得多个索引重用一个模板，例如：
定义模板：
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[*]curl -XPUT localhost:9200/_template/template_1 -d '
[*]{
[*] "template" : "te*",
[*] "settings" : {
[*] "number_of_shards" : 1
[*] },
[*] "mappings" : {
[*] "type1" : {
[*] "_source" : {"enabled" : false }
[*] }
[*] }
[*]}
[*]'
上述定义的模板template_1将对用te开头的新索引都是有效。
模板中也可以包含别别名的定义，如下：
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[*]curl -XPUT localhost:9200/_template/template_1 -d '
[*]{
[*] "template" : "te*",
[*] "settings" : {
[*] "number_of_shards" : 1
[*] },
[*] "aliases" : {
[*] "alias1" : {},
[*] "alias2" : {
[*] "filter" : {
[*] "term" :{"user" : "kimchy" }
[*] },
[*] "routing" :"kimchy"
[*] },
[*] "{index}-alias" : {}
[*] }
[*]}
删除模板：
使用模板名称对模板进行删除.
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[*]curl -XDELETE localhost:9200/_template/template_1
同样也可以查看定义的模板：
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[*]curl -XGET localhost:9200/_template/template_1
多个索引模板：
当存在多个索引模板时并且某个索引两者都匹配时，settings和mpapings将合成一个配置应用在这个索引上。合并的顺序可由索引模板的order属性来控制。
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[*]curl -XPUT localhost:9200/_template/template_1 -d '
[*]{
[*] "template" : "*",
[*] "order" : 0,
[*] "settings" : {
[*] "number_of_shards" : 1
[*] },
[*] "mappings" : {
[*] "type1" : {
[*] "_source" : {"enabled" : false }
[*] }
[*] }
[*]}
[*]'
[*]==================================================================
[*]curl -XPUT localhost:9200/_template/template_2 -d '
[*]{
[*] "template" : "te*",
[*] "order" : 1,
[*] "settings" : {
[*] "number_of_shards" : 1
[*] },
[*] "mappings" : {
[*] "type1" : {
[*] "_source" : {"enabled" : true }
[*] }
[*] }
[*]}
[*]'
上述order为1的配置将覆盖order为0的配置，最终索引的配置source的enabled为true。
模板配置文件：
除了以上方式，索引模板也可以在文件中进行配置。索引模板的配置文件需要在每个
主节点的config目录下，目录结构为：config/templates/template_1.json,temp
late_1.json的样例如下：
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[*]{
[*] "template-logstash" : {
[*] "template" : "logstash*",
[*] "settings" : {
[*] "index.number_of_shards" : 5,
[*] "number_of_replicas" : 1,
[*] "index" : {
[*] "store" : {
[*] "compress" : {
[*] "stored" : true,
[*] "tv": true
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*] },
[*] "mappings" : {
[*] "_default_" : {
[*] "properties" : {
[*] "dynamic" : "true",
[*] },
[*] },
[*] "loadbalancer" : {
[*] "_source" : {
[*] "compress" : true,
[*] },
[*] "_ttl" : {
[*] "enabled" : true,
[*] "default" : "10d"
[*] },
[*] "_all" : {
[*] "enabled" : false
[*] },
[*] "properties" : {
[*] "@fields" : {
[*] "dynamic" : "true",
[*] "properties" : {
[*] "client" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "domain" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "oh" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "responsetime" : {
[*] "type" : "double",
[*] },
[*] "size" : {
[*] "type" : "long",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "status" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "upstreamtime" : {
[*] "type" : "double",
[*] },
[*] "url" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] }
[*] }
[*] },
[*] "@source" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed"
[*] },
[*] "@timestamp" : {
[*] "type" : "date",
[*] "format" : "dateOptionalTime"
[*] },
[*] "@type" : {
[*] "type" : "string",
[*] "index" : "not_analyzed",
[*] "store" : "no"
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*] }
[*]}
【参考】：http://www.elasticsearch.org/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/indices-templates.html
from http://blog.csdn.net/changong28/article/details/38423339
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