Puppet cron资源介绍(二十七)
cron资源主要用来管理操作系统的定时任务(即crontab),之前文章也写过一个cron模块举例，计划任务并非都要使用cron资源,linux下只要将一个文件放置/var/spool/cron目录下其实crontab就会执行,之前的文章也是这样写的.
cron资源属性:
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cron { 'resource title':
name => # (namevar) The symbolic name of the cron job.This name is
ensure => # The basic property that the resource should be...
command => # The command to execute in the cron job.The...
environment => # Any environment settings associated with this...
hour => # The hour at which to run the cron job. Optional;
minute => # The minute at which to run the cron job...
month => # The month of the year.Optional; if specified...
monthday => # The day of the month on which to run the...
provider => # The specific backend to use for this `cron...
special => # A special value such as 'reboot' or 'annually'...
target => # The name of the crontab file in which the cron...
user => # The user who owns the cron job.This user must...
weekday => # The weekday on which to run the command...
# ...plus any applicable metaparameters.
}
参数注释:
command：crontab要执行的命令,由于环境变量的问题，建议调用命令时使用绝对路径,或指定cron资源的environment属性.
ensure:指定该资源是否启用,可设置present值表示启用，设置absent值表示关闭.
environment:在crontab环境里指定环境变量,如PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin.也可以通过:导入更多环境变量.
hour:运行crontab的小时，可设置成0-23，单位是小时.
minute:运行crontab的分钟,可设置为0-59，单位是分钟.
month：设置crontab运行的月份,可设置成1-12，单位是月.
monthday:一个月中的哪一天，可设置成1-31，单位是日.
weekday:运行crontab的星期数,可设置为0-7，单位是天.
name:crontab的注释,注释用于帮助管理员区分不同的crontab.
provider:默认是系统自带的crontab程序,通常不需要指定此参数值，puppet会默认匹配系统自带的定时管理任务程序.
user:将crontab加入某一个系统账号中，默认是加入执行守护进程的系统账户中.
示例一:
定义crontab计划任务同步ntpdate服务器时间.
定义ntpdate类，做计划任务.
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class cron::ntpdate {
cron {"ntpdate":
ensure => present,
command => '/usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org',
user => 'root',
minute => '*/5',
}
}
node节点中添加此计划任务.
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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/inherits base {
case $::hostname {
/sh-proxy\d+/: {
include nginx
}
"sh-web1": {
include haproxy
include cron::ntpdate
}
}
}
客户端同步ntpdate.
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# puppet agent -t
Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Loading facts
Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain
Info: Applying configuration version '1508433121'
Notice: /Stage/Admin/Exec/returns: executed successfully
Notice: /Stage/Cron::Ntpdate/Cron/ensure: created
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.43 seconds
查看计划任务.
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# crontab -l
# HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Fri Oct 20 01:12:02 +0800 2017 by puppet.
# HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended.
# HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should
# HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs.
# Puppet Name: ntpdate
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
示例二:
做一个ping计划任务，每天的2,4点执行ping,注意使用"[]".
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node /sh-(proxy|web)\d+/inherits base {
case $::hostname {
/sh-proxy\d+/: {
include nginx
}
"sh-web1": {
include haproxy
include cron::ntpdate
include cron::ping
}
}
}
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class cron::ping {
cron {"ping":
command => 'ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null',
user => 'root',
hour => ,
}
}
客户端执行:
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# puppet agent -t
Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Loading facts
Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain
Info: Applying configuration version '1508433611'
Notice: /Stage/Admin/Exec/returns: executed successfully
Notice: /Stage/Cron::Ping/Cron/ensure: created
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.42 seconds
crontab计划任务查看:
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# crontab -l
# HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:19:52 +0800 2017 by puppet.
# HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended.
# HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should
# HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs.
# Puppet Name: ntpdate
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
# Puppet Name: ping
* 2,4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null
示例三:
执行ping计划任务，每天2-4之间，每隔10分钟执行一次.
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class cron::ping {
cron {"ping":
command => 'ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null',
user => 'root',
hour => ['2-4'],
minute=> '*/10',
}
}
客户端更新:
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# puppet agent -t
Notice: Ignoring --listen on onetime run
Info: Retrieving pluginfacts
Info: Retrieving plugin
Info: Loading facts
Info: Caching catalog for sh-web1.localdomain
Info: Applying configuration version '1508433856'
Notice: /Stage/Admin/Exec/returns: executed successfully
Notice: /Stage/Cron::Ping/Cron/minute: defined 'minute' as '*/10'
Notice: /Stage/Cron::Ping/Cron/hour: hour changed '2,4' to '2-4'
Notice: Finished catalog run in 0.36 seconds
计划任务查看.
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# crontab -l
# HEADER: This file was autogenerated at Thu Oct 19 17:23:56 +0800 2017 by puppet.
# HEADER: While it can still be managed manually, it is definitely not recommended.
# HEADER: Note particularly that the comments starting with 'Puppet Name' should
# HEADER: not be deleted, as doing so could cause duplicate cron jobs.
# Puppet Name: ntpdate
*/5 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
# Puppet Name: ping
*/10 2-4 * * * ping -c1 www.baidu.com 2>&1 >> /dev/null
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