CentOS6.6+Puppet3.7.4分布式部署Nagios监控系统
测试框架1CentOS-6.6-x86_64(minimal)
2puppet-3.7.4
3nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz
4nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
5nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
6192.168.188.10 mirrors.redking.com
7192.168.188.20 master.redking.com
8192.168.188.20 nagios.redking.com
9192.168.188.31 agent1.redking.com
10 192.168.188.32 agent2.redking.com
11 192.168.188.33 agent3.redking.com
Puppet 要求所有机器有完整的域名（FQDN），如果没有 DNS 服务器提供域名的话，可以在两台机器上设置主机名（注意要先设置主机名再安装 Puppet，因为安装 Puppet 时会把主机名写入证书，客户端和服务端通信需要这个证书）,因为我配置了DNS，所以就不用改hosts了，如果没有就需要改hosts文件指定。
1.关闭selinux，iptables，并设置ntp
采用CentOS-6.6-x86_64.iso进行minimal最小化安装
关闭selinux
1# cat /etc/selinux/config
2# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
3# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
4# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
5# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
6# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
7SELINUX=enforcing
8# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
9# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
10 # mls - Multi Level Security protection.
11 SELINUXTYPE=targeted
12 # sed -i '/SELINUX/ s/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
13 # cat /etc/selinux/config
14 # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
15 # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
16 # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
17 # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
18 # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
19 SELINUX=disabled
20 # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
21 # targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
22 # mls - Multi Level Security protection.
23 SELINUXTYPE=targeted
24 # setenforce 0
停止iptables
1# chkconfig --list |grep tables
2ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
3iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
4# chkconfig ip6tables off
5# chkconfig iptables off
6# service ip6tables stop
7ip6tables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
8ip6tables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
9ip6tables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
10 # service iptables stop
11 iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
12 iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
13 iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
14 #
设置ntp
1 # ntpdate pool.ntp.org
2 # chkconfig --list|grep ntp
3 ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
4 ntpdate 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
5 # chkconfig ntpd on
6 # service ntpd start
7 Starting ntpd: [ OK ]
8 #
2.安装puppet服务
puppet不在CentOS的基本源中，需要加入 PuppetLabs 提供的官方源：
1# wget http://yum.puppetlabs.com/el/6/p ... ease-6-7.noarch.rpm
2# rpm -ivh puppetlabs-release-6-7.noarch.rpm
3# yum update -y
在 master上安装和启用 puppet 服务：
1# yum install -y puppet-server
2# chkconfig puppet on
3# chkconfig puppetmaster on
4# service puppet start
5Starting puppet agent:
6# service puppetmaster start
7Starting puppetmaster:
8#
在clients上安装puppet客户端
1# yum install -y puppet
2# chkconfig puppet on
3# service puppet start
3.配置puppet
对于puppet 客户端，修改/etc/puppet/puppet.conf，指定master服务器
并重启puppet服务
1# service puppet restart
4.Client申请证书
服务端自动签发证书设置
设置master自动签发所有的证书，我们只需要在/etc/puppet目录下创建 autosign.conf文件。（不需要修改 /etc/puppet/puppet.conf文件，因为我默认的autosign.conf 文件的位置没有修改）
1# cat > /etc/puppet/autosign.conf <<eof
2> *.redking.com
3> EOF
4# service puppetmaster restart
5Stopping puppetmaster:
6Starting puppetmaster:
7#
这样就会对所有来自fisteam2.com的机器的请求，都自动签名。
client需要向服务器端发出请求, 让服务器对客户端进行管理. 这其实是一个证书签发的过程. 第一次运行 puppet 客户端的时候会生成一个 SSL 证书并指定发给 Puppet 服务端, 服务器端如果同意管理客户端,就会对这个证书进行签发，可以用这个命令来签发证书，由于我们已经在客户端设置了server地址，因此不需要跟服务端地址
1# puppet agent --test
就可以申请证书了，由于我配置的自动签发证书，所以直接就签发了，在服务端执行
1# puppet cert list --all
Nagios服务器安装
1.安装Nagios相关依赖包
1# yum install -y httpd php gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel openssl-devel
2.创建Nagios用户与组
1# useradd -m nagios
2# passwd nagios
创建nagcmd用户组以执行来自Web接口命令，并添加nagios和apache用户到此用户组
1# groupadd nagcmd
2# usermod -a -G nagcmd nagios
3# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
3.下载Nagios和Plugins软件包
http://www.nagios.org/download/下载Nagios Core和Nagios Plugins
4.编译安装Nagios
1# tar zxf nagios-4.0.8.tar.gz
2# cd nagios-4.0.8
#运行Nagios配置脚本，并把nagcmd更改为之前所创建的组
1# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd
#编译Nagios源码
1# make all
#安装二进制文件、init脚本文件、sample配置文件，设置外部命令目录权限
1# make install
2# make install-init
3# make install-config
4# make install-commandmode
5.修改配置文件
样式配置文件位于/usr/local/nagios/etc目录，可以更改email地址
1# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
6.配置Web界面
在Apache的conf.d目录中安装Nagios Web配置文件
1# make install-webconf
创建nagiosadmin帐号登录Nagios Web接口
1# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
2# service httpd start
3Starting httpd:
4# chkconfig httpd on
开启httpd服务使配置生效并设置开机自启
7.编译安装Nagios Plugins
1# tar zxvf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
2# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
3# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
4# make && make install
8.编译安装Nrpe
1# tar zxvf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
2# ./configure
3# make all
4# make install-plugin
5# make install-daemon
6# make install-daemon-config
9.启动Nagios
本机监控HTTP SSH的Notifications显示警告错误，解决方法
1 # vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
2 # Define a service to check SSH on the local machine.
3 # Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have SSH enabled.
4 define service{
5 use local-service ; Name of service template to use
6 host_name localhost
7 service_description SSH
8 check_command check_ssh
9 notifications_enabled 1#改为1，即可
10}
11# Define a service to check HTTP on the local machine.
12# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have HTTP enabled.
13define service{
14use local-service ; Name of service template to use
15host_name localhost
16service_description HTTP
17check_command check_http
18notifications_enabled 1#改为1，即可
19}
20# touch /var/www/html/index.html
启动Nagios之前测试配置文件
1# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
启动Nagios、nrpe并设置开机自启
1 # chkconfig nagios --add
2 # chkconfig --list |grep nagios
3 nagios 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
4 # chkconfig nagios on
5 # service nagios start
6 Starting nagios: done.
7 # echo "/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
8 # /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
9 # netstat -tunpl |grep nrpe
10tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 70100/nrpe
11tcp 0 0 :::5666 :::* LISTEN 70100/nrpe
12#
执行/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 127.0.0.1检查连接是否正常
使用之前定义的nagiosadmin帐号与密码登录Nagios,地址：http://192.168.188.20/nagios/
创建Nagios客户端监控
1.Puppet Master安装相应模块
Nagios没有目前没有提供官方软件源，在批量部署时可以使用第三方epel源，采用Example42所提供的puppet-nrpe来实现Linux服务器批量部署。部署客户端使用官方3个模块：epel、nrpe、puppi。
epel模块用于安装nrpe软件，nrpe模块用于收集主机信息，puppi属于Example42模块组件，使用Example42模块时都需要加载此模块。
Puppi是一个Puppet模块和CLI命令，他可以标准化和自动化快速部署应用程序，并提供快速和标准查询命令，检查系统资源。
1# git clone https://github.com/puppetlabs/puppetlabs-stdlib /etc/puppet/modules/stdlib
2# git clone https://github.com/example42/puppi /etc/puppet/modules/puppi
3# git clone https://github.com/example42/puppet-nrpe /etc/puppet/modules/nrpe
4# puppet module install stahnma/epel
5# vim /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
6
7modulepath = /etc/puppet/modules/
2.创建agent节点组配置文件
1 # mkdir /etc/puppet/manifests/nodes
2 # vim /etc/puppet/manifests/nodes/agentgroup.pp
3 node /^agentd+.redking.com$/ {
4 include stdlib
5 include epel
6 class { 'puppi': }
7 class { 'nrpe':
8 require => Class['epel'],
9 allowed_hosts => ['127.0.0.1',$::ipaddress,'192.168.188.20'],
10template => 'nrpe/nrpe.cfg.erb',
11}
12}
13# vim /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp
14import "nodes/agentgroup.pp"
3.配置Nagios添加agent.redking.com主机监控
修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
command_name check_nrpe ——定义命令名称为check_nrpe，services.cfg必须使用
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ ——用$USER1$代替/usr/local/nagios/libexec
这是定义实际运行的插件程序.这个命令行的书写要完全按照check_nrpe这个命令的用法.不知道用法的就用check_nrpe –h查看； -c后面带的$ARG1$参数是传给nrpe daemon执行的检测命令,它必须是nrpe.cfg中所定义的5条命令中的其中一条。
1# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
2# 'check_nrpe' command definition
3define command{
4command_name check_nrpe
5command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
6}
修改/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
1# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
2cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/agent1.redking.com.cfg
3cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/agnet2.redking.com.cfg
4cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/agent3.redking.com.cfg
增加agent1~3.redking.com.cfg配置文件
1 # vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/agent1.redking.com.cfg
2 define host{
3 use linux-server
4 host_name agent1.redking.com
5 alias agent1.redking.com
6 address 192.168.188.31
7 }
8
9 define service{
10use generic-service
11host_name agent1.redking.com
12service_description PING
13check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
14}
15
16define service{
17use generic-service
18host_name agent1.redking.com
19service_description Current Users
20check_command check_nrpe!check_users!10!5
21}
22
23define service{
24use generic-service
25host_name agent1.redking.com
26service_description Current Load
27check_command check_nrpe!check_load!15,10,5!30,25,20
28}
29
30define service{
31use generic-service
32host_name agent1.redking.com
33service_description Swap Usage
34check_command check_nrpe!check_swap!20!40
35}
检测Nagios服务并重启使配置生效
1# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
2# service nagios restart
3# service puppetmaster restart
客户端测试
1# puppet agent --test
客户端自动部署nrpe
下面我们来看下客户端自动化部署nrpe后采集信息的nagios监控界面
NRPE模块中定义的nrpe.cfg包含大量脚本，我们可以直接拿来使用当然也可以自己修改nrpe.cfg.erb模板内容。在批量部署时可以分别采用自己编写的模块或者现有模块来实现，利用现有模块几乎能实现系统管理日常工作中90%任务，剩余的10%我们可以根据生产业务来自己定制。
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