如何在Linux下快速安装MongoDB
Mongo DB 是目前在IT行业非常流行的一种非关系型数据库(NoSql),其灵活的数据存储方式备受当前IT从业人员的青睐。Mongo DB很好的实现了面向对象的思想(OO思想),在Mongo DB中 每一条记录都是一个Document对象。Mongo DB最大的优势在于所有的数据持久操作都无需开发人员手动编写SQL语句,直接调用方法就可以轻松的实现CRUD操作。本文介绍了如何快速安装mongodb供大家参考。一、安装配置mongodb
Step 1: 设置系统环境及确保缺省端口27107可用
###当前环境
# cat /etc/issue
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server> # vi /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
Step 2: 下载安装文件
下载地址： https://www.mongodb.org/downloads.
或者直接在命令提示符下使用curl命令下载
curl -O https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.6.tgz
Step 3: 解压下载的文件
# pwd
/usr/local/src
# tar -xvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6.gz###注，本文直接从网站下载，所以文件为.gz
Step 4: 复制解压文件到运行目录
# mkdir -p /var/lib/mongodb
# cp -R -n /usr/local/src/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel62-3.0.6/. /var/lib/mongodb/
Step 5: 设置环境变量
e.g. export PATH=<mongodb-install-directory>/bin:$PATH
# vi ~/.bash_profile
export PATH=/var/lib/mongodb/bin:$PATH
# source ~/.bash_profile
Step 6: 创建数据目录
# mkdir -p /data/mongodata
二、启动及验证mongodb
###启动mongo
# mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata
###以下内容为启动后输出的相关信息
2015-10-28T10:03:33.100+0800 I JOURNAL journal dir=/data/mongodata/journal
2015-10-28T10:03:33.101+0800 I JOURNAL recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed
2015-10-28T10:03:33.264+0800 I JOURNAL preallocateIsFaster=true 2.18
2015-10-28T10:03:33.398+0800 I JOURNAL Durability thread started
2015-10-28T10:03:33.398+0800 I JOURNAL Journal writer thread started
2015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL MongoDB starting : pid=10191 port=27017 dbpath=/data/mongodata 64-bit host=java_2
2015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-10-28T10:03:33.401+0800 I CONTROL
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL db version v3.0.6
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f2
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL build info: Linux ip-10-67-194-123 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Nov 9 08:03:13 EST 2011 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL allocator: tcmalloc
2015-10-28T10:03:33.402+0800 I CONTROL options: { storage: { dbPath: "/data/mongodata" } }
2015-10-28T10:03:33.404+0800 I INDEX allocating new ns file /data/mongodata/local.ns, filling with zeroes...
2015-10-28T10:03:33.491+0800 I STORAGE allocating new datafile /data/mongodata/local.0, filling with zeroes...
2015-10-28T10:03:33.491+0800 I STORAGE creating directory /data/mongodata/_tmp
2015-10-28T10:03:33.497+0800 I STORAGE done allocating datafile /data/mongodata/local.0,> 2015-10-28T10:03:33.511+0800 I NETWORK waiting for connections on port 27017
###停止mongo，直接使用ctrl + c
^C2015-10-28T10:09:21.510+0800 I CONTROL got signal 2 (Interrupt), will terminate after current cmd ends
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I CONTROL now exiting
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK closing listening socket: 5
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK closing listening socket: 6
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK shutdown: going to flush diaglog...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.511+0800 I NETWORK shutdown: going to close sockets...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I STORAGE shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I STORAGE shutdown: final commit...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I JOURNAL journalCleanup...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.512+0800 I JOURNAL removeJournalFiles
2015-10-28T10:09:21.515+0800 I JOURNAL Terminating durability thread ...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I JOURNAL Journal writer thread stopped
2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I JOURNAL Durability thread stopped
2015-10-28T10:09:21.615+0800 I STORAGE shutdown: closing all files...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I STORAGE closeAllFiles() finished
2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I STORAGE shutdown: removing fs lock...
2015-10-28T10:09:21.618+0800 I CONTROL dbexit:rc: 0
###修复启动过程中的两个警告，关于使用root用户启动mongo的警告先忽略
# echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
# echo "never" > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
###再次重启，后置于后台进程，
# mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata &
###查看启动后的进程
# ps -ef|grep mongo |grep -v grep
root 11115 279560 10:11 pts/2 00:00:00 mongod --dbpath /data/mongodata
# lsof -i:27017
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE> mongod11115 root 5uIPv4 50567119 0t0TCP *:27017 (LISTEN)
###使用mongo连接到mongod
# mongo
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.6
connecting to: test
2015-10-28T10:14:30.685+0800 I NETWORK connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:53907 #1 (1 connection now open)
Server has startup warnings:
2015-10-28T10:11:49.217+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-10-28T10:11:49.217+0800 I CONTROL
> help
db.help() help on db methods
db.mycoll.help() help on collection methods
sh.help() sharding helpers
rs.help() replica set helpers
help admin administrative help
help connect connecting to a db help
help keys key shortcuts
help misc misc things to know
help mr mapreduce
show dbs show database names
show collections show collections in current database
show users show users in current database
show profile show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms
show logs show the accessible logger names
show log prints out the last segment of log in memory, 'global' is default
use <db_name> set current database
db.foo.find() list objects in collection foo
db.foo.find( { a : 1 } ) list objects in foo where a == 1
it result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate
DBQuery.shellBatchSize = x set default number of items to display on shell
exit quit the mongo shell
> db.getCollection("version");
test.version
> exit
bye
三、mongodb相关工具
###在安装文件下有README，描述了常用的mongodb相关命令行工具
# more /usr/local/mongodb/README
MongoDB README
Welcome to MongoDB!
COMPONENTS
bin/mongod - The database process.
bin/mongos - Sharding controller.
bin/mongo- The database shell (uses interactive javascript).
UTILITIES
bin/mongodump - MongoDB dump tool - for backups, snapshots, etc..
bin/mongorestore - MongoDB restore a dump
bin/mongoexport - Export a single collection to test (JSON, CSV)
bin/mongoimport - Import from JSON or CSV
bin/mongofiles - Utility for putting and getting files from MongoDB GridFS
bin/mongostat - Show performance statistics
RUNNING
For command line options invoke:
$ ./mongod --help
To run a single server database:
$ mkdir /data/db
$ ./mongod
$
$ # The mongo javascript shell connects to localhost and test database by default:
$ ./mongo
> help
DRIVERS
Client drivers for most programming languages are available at mongodb.org.Use the
shell ("mongo") for administrative tasks.
###获取单个命令用法
# <command> --help
# mongod --help|more
Options:
General options:
-h [ --help ] show this usage information
--version show version information
# mongod --version
db version v3.0.6
git version: 1ef45a23a4c5e3480ac919b28afcba3c615488f2
转载自：http://blog.csdn.net/leshami/article/details/49465751
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