Tomcat与Nginx、Apache结合的相关实践
一、LNMT简介：在Tomcat服务器前端部署一个Nginx(反向代理)，当用户请求静态资源时，由Nginx服务器负责响应；当用户请求java应用程序资源时，由后端的Tomcat服务器进行响应。
环境：
OS：Linux CentOS 6.8
Tomcat 6.0, IpAddr:192.168.1.101
Nginx 1.10.2, IpAddr:192.168.1.102
配置：
Tomcat端配置：
/*定义一个主机*/ <Host name="localhost"appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true"xmlValidation="false" xmlNamespaceAware="false">
/*定义一个Context:testapp应用程序*/
<Context path="/test" docBase="testapp"> /*定义第二个应用程序：test-1app*/
<Context path="/test-1" docBase="test-1app">
</Host>
Nginx端配置：
server { listen
80 default_server; listen [
::]:80 default_server; server_name_;
root
/usr/share/nginx/html;
# Load configuration files for the default server block. include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
/*处理静态资源请求*/
location / {
}
/*Tomcat处理URL以jsp和do结尾的请求*/
location ~*\.(jsp|do)$ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.101:8080;
}
/*Tomcat处理testapp应用请求*/
location /test/ {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.101:8080/test/index1.jsp;
}
/*Tomcat处理test-1app应用请求*/
location /test-1/demo.jsp {
proxy_pass http://192.168.1.101:8080;
}
error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
二、LAMT
简介：与LNMT类似，只不过是httpd作为反代服务器。但httpd反代tomcat有三种方式：
①基于httpd的proxy_module和proxy_http_module的反代
②基于httpd的proxy_module和proxy_ajp_module的反代
③基于httpd的mod_jk模块的反代(需自行编译安装)
环境：
OS：Linux CentOS 6.8
Tomcat 6.0, IpAddr:192.168.1.101
httpd 2.2.15, IpAddr:192.168.1.102
配置：
第一种方式的实现：
Tomcat端配置与Nginx时配置相同，无需修改。
Httpd端配置：
NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80>
ServerName www.b.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / http://192.168.1.101:8080
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.1.101:8080
<Location />
Allow from all
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80>
ServerName www.c.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / http://192.168.1.101:8080/test/index1.jsp
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.1.101:8080/test/index1.jsp
<Location />
Allow from all
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80>
ServerName www.d.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / http://192.168.1.101:8080/test-1/demo.jsp
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.1.101:8080/test-1/demo.jsp
<Location />
Allow from all
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
如果是httpd2.4+版本，配置如下：
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80> ServerName www
.b.com ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
<Proxy *> Require all granted
</Proxy>
ProxyPass / http://192.168.1.101:8080
ProxyPassReverse / http://192.168.1.101:8080
<Location />
Require all granted
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
第二种方式实现：
Tomcat端无需变动
Httpd端仅需修改协议和端口即可，配置如下：
NameVirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80>
ServerName www.b.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / ajp://192.168.1.101:8009
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://192.168.1.101:8009
<Location />
Allow from all
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.1.102:80>
ServerName www.c.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyVia On
ProxyPreserveHost On
ProxyPass / ajp://192.168.1.101:8009/test/index1.jsp
ProxyPassReverse / ajp://192.168.1.101:8009/test/index1.jsp
<Location />
Allow from all
</Location>
</VirtualHost>
第三种方式实现：
请求流程：Client-->http-->httpd-->mod_jk(ajp)-->tomcat(http connector)
首先安装mod_jk模块：tomcat-connectors-1.2.42-src.tar.gz(依赖httpd-devel)
展开归档后进入native目录，执行
# ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs
# make && make install
安装完成，开始配置，
Tomcat端主机只需要在之前的基础上需改一个地方：
在Engine中加入jvmRoute属性即可。
Httpd端的配置，需要两个配置文件：
①/etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.propeties
worker.list=srv_A,StatA
worker
.srv_A.host=192.168.1.101
worker
.srv_A.port=8009
worker
.Tomcat.type=ajp13
worker
.StatA.type=status
②/etc/httpd/conf.d/mod_jk.conf
/*装载jk_module 路径是相对于/etc/httpd/下*/
LoadModule jk_module modules
/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile
/etc/httpd/conf.d/workers.properies
JkLogFile logs
/mod_jk.
JkLogLevel notice
JkMount
/* srv_A 此处的"/"是以webapps为根
JkMount /jk_status StatA
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