SaltStack的salt-ssh使用及LAMP状态设计部署
1、salt-ssh的使用官方文档：https://docs.saltstack.com/en/2016.11/topics/ssh/index.html
（1）安装salt-ssh
# yum install -y salt-ssh
（2）配置salt-ssh
# vim /etc/salt/roster
linux-node1:
host: 192.168.56.11
user: root
passwd: 123123
linux-node2:
host: 192.168.56.12
user: root
passwd: 123123
（3）使用ssh远程执行
# salt-ssh '*' -r 'uptime'
linux-node2:
----------
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
root@192.168.56.12's password:
14:07:19 up 14 days,8:41,2 users,load average: 0.04, 0.08, 0.07
linux-node1:
----------
retcode:
0
stderr:
stdout:
root@192.168.56.11's password:
14:07:20 up 23 days,8:13,2 users,load average: 2.86, 0.81, 0.34
2、配置管理
（1）什么是状态？
所谓的状态就是希望系统运行某些命令之后的结果。描述状态使用YAML格式的文件。SLS：salt state
举例安装apache，如下：
# vim /srv/salt/base/web/apache.sls
apache:
pkg.installed:
- name: httpd
service.running:
- name: httpd
file.managed:
- name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
解释说明：
apache：id声明，在所有环境（base、prod）下全局唯一
pkg：状态模块
.：引用关系
installed:模块中的方法
:：代表层级关系
name:可以理解为参数，后面跟的是参数值
file.managed:文件管理模块，必须要有source指定文件的来源路径
source：文件的来源路径，salt://代表着环境的根路径，这的根路径为：/srv/salt/base/
user、group、mode：分别指定文件的所属者，所属组和权限
以上的文件还可以使用分id的写法：
apache-install:
pkg.installed:
- name: httpd
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
apache-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
存在指定多个配置文件，还可以使用一下写法：(不适用name作为参数传递时，id就是name)
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf:
file.managed:
- source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
/etc/httpd/conf/php.conf:
file.managed:
- source: salt://apache/files/php.conf
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
（2） LAMP的状态设计与实现部署
1、设计分析
名称软件包配置文件服务
使用模块pkgfileservice
LAMPhttpd、php、mariadb、mariadb-server、php-mysql、php-pdo、php-cli/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf、/etc/php.inihttpd、mysqld
2、Aapche的状态配置
# pwd
/srv/salt/prod
# mkdir apache php mysql
# tree
.
├── apache
├── mysql
└── php
3 directories, 0 files
# cd apache/
# vim apache.sls #编写apache的状态模块
apache-install:
pkg.installed:
- name: httpd
apache-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- source: salt://apache/files/httpd.conf #salt://代表着环境的根路径
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
apache-service:
service.running:
- name: httpd
- enable: True
# mkdir files #创建source目录
# cd files/
# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf .
# tree
.
├── apache.sls
└── files
└── httpd.conf
1 directory, 2 files
# salt 'linux-node1' state.sls apache.apache saltenv=prod
3、php的状态配置
# cd php
# mkdir files
# vim init.sls
php-install:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- php
- php-pdo
- php-mysql
php-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/php.ini
- source: salt://php/files/php.ini
- user: root
- group: root
- mode: 644
# cp /etc/php.ini files/
# tree
.
├── files
│ └── php.ini
└── init.sls
1 directory, 2 files
4、mysql的状态配置
# cd mysql/
# vim init.sls
mysql-install:
pkg.installed:
- pkgs:
- mariadb
- mariadb-server
mysql-config:
file.managed:
- name: /etc/my.cnf
- source: salt://mysql/files/my.cnf
- user: root
- gourp: root
- mode: 644
mysql-service:
service.running:
- name: mariadb-server
- enable: True
# mkdir files
# cp /etc/my.cnf files/
# tree
.
├── apache
│ ├── files
│ │ └── httpd.conf
│ └── init.sls
├── mysql
│ ├── files
│ │ └── my.cnf
│ └── init.sls
└── php
├── files
│ └── php.ini
└── init.sls
# salt -S '192.168.56.11' state.sls php.init saltenv=prod
linux-node1.example.com:
----------
ID: php-install
Function: pkg.installed
Result: True
Comment: The following packages were installed/updated: php-mysql
The following packages were already installed: php-pdo, php
Started: 10:30:14.780998
Duration: 118711.436 ms
Changes:
----------
php-mysql:
----------
new:
5.4.16-43.el7_4
old:
----------
ID: php-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/php.ini
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
Started: 10:32:13.556562
Duration: 51.913 ms
Changes:
Summary for linux-node1.example.com
------------
Succeeded: 2 (changed=1)
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 2
Total run time: 118.763 s
5、写入top file，执行高级状态
# pwd
/srv/salt/base
# vim top.sls
prod:
'linux-node1.example.com':
- apache.init
- php.init
- mysql.init
# salt 'linux-node1*' state.highstate
linux-node1.example.com:
----------
ID: apache-install
Function: pkg.installed
Name: httpd
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed
Started: 10:39:04.214911
Duration: 762.144 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: apache-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf is in the correct state
Started: 10:39:04.979376
Duration: 13.105 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: apache-service
Function: service.running
Name: httpd
Result: True
Comment: The service httpd is already running
Started: 10:39:04.992962
Duration: 36.109 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: php-install
Function: pkg.installed
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed
Started: 10:39:05.029241
Duration: 0.65 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: php-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/php.ini
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/php.ini is in the correct state
Started: 10:39:05.029987
Duration: 10.642 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql-install
Function: pkg.installed
Result: True
Comment: All specified packages are already installed
Started: 10:39:05.040793
Duration: 0.422 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql-config
Function: file.managed
Name: /etc/my.cnf
Result: True
Comment: File /etc/my.cnf is in the correct state
Started: 10:39:05.041301
Duration: 7.869 ms
Changes:
----------
ID: mysql-service
Function: service.running
Name: mariadb
Result: True
Comment: The service mariadb is already running
Started: 10:39:05.049284
Duration: 28.054 ms
Changes:
Summary for linux-node1.example.com
------------
Succeeded: 8
Failed: 0
------------
Total states run: 8
Total run time: 858.995 ms
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