Ubuntu Server 11.10 配置Samba
Samba是Linux中模拟Ｗindows 文件/打印共享的服务器软件，在Linux / Ｗindows 混合网络环境下是非常有用的。安装Samba
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo tasksel
选择
[*]Samba file server,按键跳到<ok>，敲回车。很简单，也可以 $ sudo apt-get install samba，再Ubuntu里没试过，应该也是一样的。
一. 创建共享目录，任何人可读、写、执行
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo mkdir /opt/smbshare
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo chmod 777 /opt/smbshare
devadm@devserver:~$
二. 编辑配置文件
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
1. 找到［global］
workgroup = WORKGROUP
display charset = UTF-8
unix charset = UTF-8
dos charset = cp936
2. 搜寻这一行文字代码:
# security = user
用下面这两行取代
security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
3. 在最后一行添加：
comment = Shared Folder with username and password
path = /opt/smbshare
public = yes
writable = yes
valid users = dev
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
available = yes
browseable = yes
退出保存。
三. samba用户
1. 创建用户dev
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo useradd dev
2. 给dev分配smb密码，注意，这个不是本机登录密码，本机登录密码没有设定。
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo smbpasswd -a dev
New SMB password:
Retype new SMB password:
devadm@devserver:~$
3. 编辑/etc/samba/smbusers
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smbusers
添加下行：
dev = "Samba user."
退出保存。
如果防火墙UFW enable 了，则需要允许samba端口。
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ufw allow 139/tcp
Rules updated
Rules updated (v6)
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ufw allow 445/tcp
Rules updated
Rules updated (v6)
四. 测试samba服务器
1. 重启smbd
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo service smbd restart
smbd start/running, process 9873
devadm@devserver:~$
2. 服务器端测试：
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo testparm
Load smb config files from /etc/samba/smb.conf
rlimit_max: increasing rlimit_max (1024) to minimum Windows limit (16384)
Processing section ""
Processing section ""
Processing section ""
Loaded services file OK.
Server role: ROLE_STANDALONE
Press enter to see a dump of your service definitions 【enter】
dos charset = cp936
display charset = UTF-8
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
map to guest = Bad User
obey pam restrictions = Yes
pam password change = Yes
passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers
unix password sync = Yes
syslog = 0
log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
max log size = 1000
dns proxy = No
usershare allow guests = Yes
panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
comment = All Printers
path = /var/spool/samba
create mask = 0700
printable = Yes
browseable = No
comment = Printer Drivers
path = /var/lib/samba/printers
browseable = No
comment = Shared Folder for DEV
path = /opt/smbshare
valid users = dev
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup
read only = No
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
guest ok = Yes
devadm@devserver:~$
查看samba服务器状态
devadm@devserver:~$ smbstatus
Samba version 3.5.11
PID Username Group Machine
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Service pid machine Connected at
-------------------------------------------------------
No locked files
3. 从另一台电脑，用smbclient（类似ftp客户端）打开samba共享：
gt@gt-Dell:~/Documents$ smbclient //devserver/devshare -U=dev
Enter dev's password:
Domain= OS= Server=
smb: \>
smb: \> help
? allinfo altname archive blocksize
cancel case_sensitive cd chmod chown
close del dir du echo
exit get getfacl hardlink help
history iosize lcd link lock
lowercase ls l mask md
mget mkdir more mput newer
open posix posix_encryptposix_open posix_mkdir
posix_rmdir posix_unlink print prompt put
pwd q queue quit readlink
rd recurse reget rename reput
rm rmdir showacls setmode stat
symlink tar tarmode translate unlock
volume vuid wdel logon listconnect
showconnect .. !
smb: \>
smb: \> ls
. D 0Sun Jan 29 16:12:45 2012
.. D 0Sun Jan 29 12:34:37 2012
33888 blocks of size 4194304. 31870 blocks available
smb: \>
smb: \> put bookmarks.html
putting file bookmarks.html as \bookmarks.html (5480.1 kb/s) (average 5480.2 kb/s)
smb: \> ls
. D 0Sun Jan 29 16:13:38 2012
.. D 0Sun Jan 29 12:34:37 2012
bookmarks.html A 22447Sun Jan 29 16:13:38 2012
33888 blocks of size 4194304. 31870 blocks available
smb: \>
smb: \> q
gt@gt-Dell:~/Documents$
4. 回到服务器，看看刚才上传的文件：
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo ls -l /opt/smbshare
total 24
-rwxrw-rw- 1 nobody nogroup 22447 2012-01-29 16:13 bookmarks.html
devadm@devserver:~$
如果希望网络用户以“只读/可执行”方式访问，则：
devadm@devserver:~$ sudo chmod 755 /opt/nfsshare -R
另外修改/etc/samba/smb.conf
在段内
writable = yes 改为no
这时候在客户端上传文件就会提示错误：
smb: \> put firefox_addons.txt
NT_STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED opening remote file \firefox_addons.txt
smb: \>
但是下载文件是可以的：
smb: \> get bookmarks.html
getting file \bookmarks.html of size 22447 as bookmarks.html (1217.8 KiloBytes/sec) (average 1217.8 KiloBytes/sec)
smb: \>
接着测试从Ｗindows客户端和 Ubuntu客户端打开samba共享，成功了，但是测试从Ubuntu客户端mount 共享目录出错了：
gt@gt-Dell:~$ sudo mount -t cifs //devserver/devshare /mnt/smb -o username=dev
mount: 块设备 //devserver/devshare 写保护，已只读方式挂载
mount: 无法将 块设备 //devserver/devshare 以只读方式挂载
暂时没找到原因。
参考：
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Samba
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