网中网 发表于 2018-5-10 07:10:28

redhat下yum源的配置

  由于Redhat的yum在线更新是收费的,如果没有注册的话是不能使用的,即不能在线安装软件。我们可以借助于centos系统开源包来给我们的yum工具做相应配置就可以使用了。
  1、删除redhat原有的yum源
  #rpm -aq | grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
  2、下载新的yum安装包
  这里我们使用CentOS的yum源
  从网络下载一个文件并保存在当前目录
  #wgethttp://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
  #wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686.rpm
  #wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
  #wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/6.5/os/i386/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
  3、安装yum软件包
  #rpm -ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
  #rpm -ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-14.1.el6.i686.rpm
  #rpm -ivhyum-3.2.27-14.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.26-11.el6.noarch.rpm
  注意:最后两个安装包要放在一起同时安装,否则会提示相互依赖,安装失败。
  4、更改yum源#我们使用网易的CentOS镜像源
  #cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
  #wgethttp://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
  #vi CentOS6-Base-163.repo
  编辑文件,把文件里面的$releasever全部替换为版本号,即6 最后保存!或者直接把下面的内存拷贝到CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件中即可(已经修改好)
  :%s/$releasever/6/g
  #########################################################################
  #CentOS-Base.repo
  #
  #The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
  #update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
  #geographically close to the client.You should use this for CentOSupdates
  #unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
  #
  #If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
  #remarked out baseurl= line instead.
  #
  #

  name=CentOS-6- Base - 163.com
  baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/os/$basearch/
  #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=os
  gpgcheck=1
  gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  #releasedupdates

  name=CentOS-6- Updates - 163.com
  baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/updates/$basearch/
  #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
  gpgcheck=1
  gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  #additionalpackages that may be useful

  name=CentOS-6- Extras - 163.com
  baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/extras/$basearch/
  #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
  gpgcheck=1
  gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  #additionalpackages that extend functionality of existing packages

  name=CentOS-6- Plus - 163.com
  baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/centosplus/$basearch/
  #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
  gpgcheck=1
  enabled=0
  gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  #contrib- packages by Centos Users

  name=CentOS-6- Contrib - 163.com
  baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/
  #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=6&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
  gpgcheck=1
  enabled=0
  gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
  #########################################################################
  5、清理yum缓存
  #yum clean all
  #yum makecache   #将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度
  #yum install vim*    #测试域名是否可用
  至此,Redhat6可以使用CentOS的yum源在线安装软件了!
  本地yum源配置
1、挂载iso文件
#mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/iso/
  注:也可自己创建个目录把光盘上的rpm包cp到自己建的目录下。关于createrepo -p 自己建的目录,然后ls *repo*查看该目录下生成的文件,createrepo --update 自己建的目录(如果有新rpm包扔进来需要更新)。前提是需要一个工具createrepo,使用yum安装:yum -y install createrepo,此为场外话
  2、修改yum配置文件
#vi /etc/yum.repo.d/iso
===============

name=locale
baseurl=file:///mnt/iso/Server
enabled=1---开启本地更新模式
gpgcheck=1
===============
redhat-6
====================================

name=Server
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

name=HighAvailability
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/HighAvailability
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

name=LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0



name=LoadBalancer
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/LoadBalancer
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0

3、清理缓存
#yum clean all


  yum安装rpm包时遇到“warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno:Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY”的解决办法
  在Redhat Linux下用yum安装rpm时有时候会出现下面错误导致安装失败
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID*****
  这是由于yum安装了旧版本的GPG keys造成的,解决办法是可以运行下面命令:
$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM*
  以上就是yum相关的知识,还有yum的命令详解如下:yum命令详解



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