linux路由route
一、永久添加路由重启network服务生效 支持用#注释方法一
a、添加默认网关，即默认路由
两块网卡在配置文件ifcfg-ethX中不配置网关，在/etc/sysconfig/network中设置默认网关
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
GATEWAY=192.168.14.254
b、添加路由 创建/etc/sysconfig/static-routes配置文件
vim /etc/sysconfig/static-routes
any net192.168.15.0/24 gw 192.168.14.254
any host 123.57.223.144 gw 192.168.14.254
any host 123.57.190.33/32gw 192.168.8.1
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方法二在/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/下创建配置文件route-ethX
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth0
0.0.0.0/0 via 192.168.14.254 dev eth0 这条为默认路由，另一种格式 default 192.168.14.254 dev eth0
192.168.15.0/24 via 192.168.14.254 dev eth0
123.57.223.144via 192.168.14.254 dev eth0
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/route-eth1
123.57.190.33 via 192.168.8.1 dev eth1
配置完重启服务 service network restart
二、
临时添加路由重启network服务失效
方法一
route命令 frags为路由标志，标记当前网络节点的状态
add 增加路由 U Up表示此路由当前为启动状态
del 删除路由 H Host，表示此网关为一主机
-net 目标地址是一个网络 G Gateway，表示此网关为一路由器
-host 目标地址是一个主机 R Reinstate Route，使用动态路由重新初始化的路由
netmask 子网掩码 D Dynamically,此路由是动态性地写入
gw 出口网关 IP地址 M Modified，此路由是由路由守护程序或导向器动态修改
dev 出口网关 物理设备名 ! 表示此路由当前为关闭状态
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例子：eth0 192.168.14.209/24 192.168.14.254eth1 192.168.8.107/24 192.168.8.1 两个网卡都能上网
系统启动时先后启动eth0 eth1并把eth1网关设置为默认网关，要求把eth0设置为默认网关，访问公网ip123.57.223.144 123.57.190.33分别走不同网卡
route del default gw 192.168.8.1dev eth1 删除默认网关后边的dev eth1也可以不写
route add default gw 192.168.14.1 dev eth0 添加默认网关
route del -net0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.8.1 dev eth1 删除默认路由后边dev eth1可以不写
route add -net192.168.15.0/24 gw 192.168.14.254 dev eth0 添加到15网段的路由 在eth0
route add -host 192.168.15.119gw 192.168.14.254 dev eth0 添加到主机路由 在eth0
route add -host 123.57.223.144gw 192.168.14.254 dev eth0 访问公网IP 123.57.223.144走eth0
route add -host 123.57.190.33 gw 192.168.8.1 dev eth1 访问公网ip 123.57.190.33 走eth1
route del -net192.168.30.0/24 reject 屏蔽一条路由
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添加完成查看命令 route -n | route -e | netstat -rn | ip route show | ip route list
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
123.57.190.33 192.168.8.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth1 U upG Gateway H Host
192.168.15.119192.168.14.254255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0
123.57.223.144192.168.14.254255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.15.0 192.168.14.254255.255.255.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.30.0 - 255.255.255.0 ! 0 - 0 -
192.168.14.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.8.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth1
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1002 0 0 eth0
169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1003 0 0 eth1
0.0.0.0 192.168.14.2540.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
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临时添加路由 方法二
ip route add default via 192.168.14.254 dev eth0
ip route add 192.168.15.0/24 via 192.168.14.254 dev eth0
ip route add 123.57.190.33 via 192.168.8.1 dev eth0
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