linux chkconfig and umask
1, linux chkconfig commanddescription:
this command use to update(add or delete) and search system running level info
usage:
chkconfig [--add][--del][--list] system service
chkconfig [--level <level number>] system service
level number:
0,shutdown server
1,simple user mode
2,multi-user mode without netowrk connection
3,multi-user mode with netowrk connection
4,unavailable
5,multi-user mode with graphical interfaces
6, reboot
examples:
# chkconfig --list |head -5 ## list all system services
NetworkManager0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
acpid 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
atd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
auditd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
autofs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld ## check mysqld service from all system services
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
# chkconfig --del mysqld ## delete mysqld service
# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
# chkconfig --add mysqld ## add mysqld service
# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ##here find all level down ,
# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on ## so can up level 3 4 5
# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
# chkconfig --listmysqld ## list mysqld service
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
# chkconfig mysqld on ## default up service to 2345
# chkconfig --listmysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
#
refer to http://www.cnblogs.com/panjun-Donet/archive/2010/08/10/1796873.html
2,linux umask command
file privileges :
# ls -lart vfm.txt
-rw-r--r-- 1 apache apache 4 Jan 10 13:00 vfm.txt
- rw- r-- r-- [+] apache apache 4 Jan 10 13:00 vfm.txt
type owner access group access others access ACL access owner group file date file-name
type:
usually : '-' refer to normal file
'd' refer to directory
'l' refer to soft symbole file
owner/group/others :
'---'refer to r(read)/w(write)/x(execute)or 421
if you want to change file/directory privileges ,you can use chmod
chmod 775 vfm.txt
chmod (a/u/g/o)(+/-/=)(rwx) file
e.g.
chown u+x vfm.txt
chown 755 vfm.txt
chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o=x vfm.txt
chmod =r vfm.txt## a is default ,refer to all user
chmod 444 vfm.txt ## equal to above one
chmod a-w,a+r vfm.txt ##equal to above
if you want to change file/directory owner/group ,you can use chown
chown owner:group file/directory ## change owner and group at the same time
chown owner: file/directory ## change owner and group to the same "owner"
chown :groupfile/directory ## only change group
or you can use chgrp ,just change group
chgrp group file/directory
examples :
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
# chown james: tmp1
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 2 james james 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
# chown :root tmp1
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 2 james root 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
# chown eagle:colin tmp1
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 2 eagle colin 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
# chgrp james tmp1
# ll
drwxr-xr-x. 2 eagle james 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
default umask is 022
# pwd
/tmp/james
# umask
0022
# mkdir tmp1
# touch tmp2.txt
# ls -lrt
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jan 10 16:59 tmp2.txt
so folder privilege is777-022=755
file privilege is 666-022=644
modify umask value
# umask 0002
# umask
0002
# mkdir tmp3
# touch tmp4.txt
# ls -lrt
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 10 16:58 tmp1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Jan 10 16:59 tmp2.txt
drwxrwxr-x. 2 root root 4096 Jan 10 17:01 tmp3
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 0 Jan 10 17:01 tmp4.txt
#
so now folder privilege is 777-002=775
file privilege is 666-004=664
change like this only exist in current seesion ,so now open another session to check umask values
# umask
0022
#
if you want to set it permanently ,you can write this value to
/etc/profile
~/.profile
~/.bash_profile
so after restart server or open another session ,the umask value is the one you modify
session one :(/etc/profile)
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
umask 002
else
umask 002(022 to 002)
fi
session two:
# umask
0002
#
页:
[1]