openstack安装配置—— 实例启动（双网络模型）
启动实例前至少需要配置好nova和neutron服务，当然实际中cinder服务也是必须的，否则一台虚拟是可以启动，但没有数据卷也是不合常理的。启动实例之前需要事先创建好网络模型，私有网络模型是包含公有网络模型的，所以我们前面配置netron服务时直接选择了私有网络模型，当然此时我们要想启动实例，公有网络模型和私有网络模型我们都可以选择，本实验中我们会先带大家在公有网络模型下启动一个实例，私有网络模型下启动实例要比公有网络下复杂一些。第一步：创建物理网络
# . admin-openrc
# neutron net-list
# neutron net-create --shared --provider:physical_network provider \
> --provider:network_type flat provider
Created a new network:
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | |
| created_at | 2017-07-17T05:06:56 |
| description | |
| id | 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 |
| ipv4_address_scope | |
| ipv6_address_scope | |
| mtu | 1500 |
| name | provider |
| port_security_enabled | True |
| provider:network_type | flat |
| provider:physical_network | provider |
| provider:segmentation_id| |
| router:external | False |
| shared | True |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tags | |
| tenant_id | 9b07e2a368214247bb3051e806f94f9b |
| updated_at | 2017-07-17T05:06:56 |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
# neutron net-list//验证新建的物理网络
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | |
+--------------------------------------+----------+---------+
#
确定以下配置后方可继续第二步
# grep flat_networks /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
flat_networks = provider
# grep physical_interface_mappings /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eth1
#
第二步：创建虚拟ip子网
# neutron subnet-create --name provider \
>--allocation-pool start=10.0.0.101,end=10.0.0.200 \
>--dns-nameserver 10.0.0.2 --gateway 10.0.0.1 \
>provider 10.0.0.0/16
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools| {"start": "10.0.0.101", "end": "10.0.0.200"} |
| cidr | 10.0.0.0/16 |
| created_at | 2017-07-20T10:03:49 |
| description | |
| dns_nameservers | 10.0.0.2 |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 10.0.0.1 |
| host_routes | |
| id | 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | provider |
| network_id | 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 |
| subnetpool_id | |
| tenant_id | 9b07e2a368214247bb3051e806f94f9b |
| updated_at | 2017-07-20T10:03:49 |
+-------------------+----------------------------------------------+
# neutron net-list //验证新建的子网
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 10.0.0.0/16 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------------------------+
# neutron subnet-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 | provider | 10.0.0.0/16 | {"start": "10.0.0.101", "end": "10.0.0.200"} |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------------+--------------------------------------------------+
#
创建完公有网络后controller节点的网络配置（外部网络接口被作成了网桥）
# ifconfig
brq3b9946b0-b5: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1450
ether 16:47:b9:f2:68:26txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 12bytes 824 (824.0 B)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 0bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
brq3bd7b504-e1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 10.0.0.10netmask 255.255.0.0broadcast 10.0.255.255
ether 52:54:00:53:7f:28txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 33977bytes 2249295 (2.1 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 3074overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 0bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 192.168.10.10netmask 255.255.255.0broadcast 192.168.10.255
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fef1:33deprefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:f1:33:detxqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 130108bytes 11804441 (11.2 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 11178overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 2533bytes 505388 (493.5 KiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
eth1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe53:7f28prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:53:7f:28txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 126740bytes 10803713 (10.3 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 8025overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 13bytes 886 (886.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
eth2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
inet 111.40.215.8netmask 255.255.255.240broadcast 111.40.215.15
inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe53:7f82prefixlen 64scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 52:54:00:53:7f:82txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 714bytes 63506 (62.0 KiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 522bytes 75489 (73.7 KiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1prefixlen 128scopeid 0x10<host>
looptxqueuelen 0(Local Loopback)
RX packets 59080bytes 15674036 (14.9 MiB)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 59080bytes 15674036 (14.9 MiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
tapaa6b38e6-b4: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1450
ether c6:08:f4:e0:14:97txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 11bytes 934 (934.0 B)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 0bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
tapc98d7cfb-fc: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1500
ether 6e:ce:36:11:4f:71txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 8bytes 648 (648.0 B)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 35369bytes 2901093 (2.7 MiB)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
tapde877f81-95: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1450
ether 62:26:33:15:17:49txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 8bytes 648 (648.0 B)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 6bytes 524 (524.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 0 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
vxlan-29: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>mtu 1450
ether 16:47:b9:f2:68:26txqueuelen 0(Ethernet)
RX packets 0bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0dropped 0overruns 0frame 0
TX packets 0bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0dropped 12 overruns 0carrier 0collisions 0
#
创建自定义规格的主机模板（需要管理员权限）
# . admin-openrc
# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 1| m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 2| m1.small|2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 3| m1.medium |4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True |
| 4| m1.large|8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True |
| 5| m1.xlarge | 16384 |160 | 0 | 8 | True |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
# openstack flavor create --id 0 --vcpus 1 --ram 64 --disk 1 m1.nano
+----------------------------+---------+
| Field | Value |
+----------------------------+---------+
| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled | False |
| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral| 0 |
| disk | 1 |
| id | 0 |
| name | m1.nano |
| os-flavor-access:is_public | True |
| ram | 64 |
| rxtx_factor | 1.0 |
| swap | |
| vcpus | 1 |
+----------------------------+---------+
# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 0| m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 1| m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 2| m1.small|2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 3| m1.medium |4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True |
| 4| m1.large|8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True |
| 5| m1.xlarge | 16384 |160 | 0 | 8 | True |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
#
以demo用户身份创建一个密钥对，以便自动注入到新创建的虚拟机中实现无密钥登录
# . demo-openrc
# ssh-keygen -q -N ""
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
# openstack keypair list
# ll -a .ssh
total 16
drwx------2 root root 54 Jul 17 11:00 .
dr-xr-x---. 5 root root 4096 Jul 16 23:04 ..
-rw-------1 root root 1679 Jul 17 11:00 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--1 root root397 Jul 17 11:00 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r--1 root root366 Jul 16 18:06 known_hosts
# openstack keypair create --public-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub mykey
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| fingerprint | 4e:79:f9:ae:82:1d:96:40:54:ca:09:a3:a1:e9:61:3c |
| name | mykey |
| user_id | deb3adea97e34fee9161a47940762a53 |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
# openstack keypair list
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name| Fingerprint |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
| mykey | 4e:79:f9:ae:82:1d:96:40:54:ca:09:a3:a1:e9:61:3c |
+-------+-------------------------------------------------+
#
在安全组上开放相应服务（这里开放icmp和ssh的22端口）
# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Description | Project |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 | default | Default security group | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
# openstack security group rule list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | IP Protocol | IP Range | Port Range | Remote Security Group | Security Group |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 9065821a-bf7c-4e82-af6b-ca410888f6a6 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 26b829bb-9ac8-4d8e-b0f1-fb714c58c0b9 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group rule create --proto icmp default
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| id | 2daade8f-9341-41f1-a42d-f2731ed48a0e |
| ip_protocol | icmp |
| ip_range | 0.0.0.0/0 |
| parent_group_id | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| port_range | |
| remote_security_group | |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group rule list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | IP Protocol | IP Range| Port Range | Remote Security Group | Security Group |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 2daade8f-9341-41f1-a42d-f2731ed48a0e | icmp | 0.0.0.0/0 | | | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 26b829bb-9ac8-4d8e-b0f1-fb714c58c0b9 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 9065821a-bf7c-4e82-af6b-ca410888f6a6 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group rule create --proto tcp --dst-port 22 default
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| id | 274c7803-9116-4036-b379-8f56b677b1e2 |
| ip_protocol | tcp |
| ip_range | 0.0.0.0/0 |
| parent_group_id | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| port_range | 22:22 |
| remote_security_group | |
+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group rule list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | IP Protocol | IP Range| Port Range | Remote Security Group | Security Group |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
| 26b829bb-9ac8-4d8e-b0f1-fb714c58c0b9 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 274c7803-9116-4036-b379-8f56b677b1e2 | tcp | 0.0.0.0/0 | 22:22 | | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 2daade8f-9341-41f1-a42d-f2731ed48a0e | icmp | 0.0.0.0/0 | | | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
| 9065821a-bf7c-4e82-af6b-ca410888f6a6 | | | | default | 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------+------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
#
公有网络上创建并启动实例
使用demo用户进行创建
# . demo-openrc
# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 0| m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 1| m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 2| m1.small|2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 3| m1.medium |4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True |
| 4| m1.large|8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True |
| 5| m1.xlarge | 16384 |160 | 0 | 8 | True |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
# openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Subnets |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | ac81ae62-b5c0-44de-ad4f-bc719481e1f5 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Description | Project |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 | default | Default security group | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
#
正式创建实例
# . demo-openrc
# openstack server list
# openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --image cirros \
>--nic net-id=3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 --security-group default \
>--key-name mykey provider-instance
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | |
| adminPass | cAAsG6DvFQ7A |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-07-20T10:24:33Z |
| flavor | m1.nano (0) |
| hostId | |
| id | a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438 |
| image | cirros (9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98) |
| key_name | mykey |
| name | provider-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
| status | BUILD |
| updated | 2017-07-20T10:24:34Z |
| user_id | deb3adea97e34fee9161a47940762a53 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
# openstack server list //查看活动的虚拟机实例
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
| a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438 | provider-instance | ACTIVE | provider=10.0.0.102 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
# openstack server show a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438//使用ID查看实例的详情
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | None |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2017-07-20T10:24:46.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | provider=10.0.0.102 |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-07-20T10:24:33Z |
| flavor | m1.nano (0) |
| hostId | a33066b316f8685eaf842bff56b5d4806daae5ef486f84a9904f7e82 |
| id | a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438 |
| image | cirros (9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98) |
| key_name | mykey |
| name | provider-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
| status | ACTIVE |
| updated | 2017-07-20T10:24:47Z |
| user_id | deb3adea97e34fee9161a47940762a53 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
# openstack console url show provider-instance//查看实例的vnc访问url
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| type| novnc |
| url | http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html?token=4bf6bd63-cda5-470c-9c89-d8d77539570f |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#
前往compute节点查看虚拟的启动状态
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
1 instance-00000001 running
#
ssh使用control节点上.ssh/id_rsa私钥证书可直接无密码登录刚才启动的公网模型实例的cirros用户
# ssh -p 22 -i .ssh/id_rsa cirros@10.0.0.102
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.102 (10.0.0.102)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is f2:f0:81:f3:9d:83:05:a6:03:1e:31:b1:41:56:19:5c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.102' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
$ id
uid=1000(cirros) gid=1000(cirros) groups=1000(cirros)
$ pwd
/home/cirros
$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FA:16:3E:6F:8A:7C
inet addr:10.0.0.102Bcast:10.0.255.255Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::f816:3eff:fe6f:8a7c/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
RX packets:80032 errors:0 dropped:7242 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:180 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:6665274 (6.3 MiB)TX bytes:19314 (18.8 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RX packets:11 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:11 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1232 (1.2 KiB)TX bytes:1232 (1.2 KiB)
$ ping -c 4 10.0.0.10
PING 10.0.0.10 (10.0.0.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.619 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.082 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.903 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.965 ms
--- 10.0.0.10 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.619/0.892/1.082 ms
$
cirros用户下的一些简单操作
$ id
uid=1000(cirros) gid=1000(cirros) groups=1000(cirros)
$ pwd
/home/cirros
$ fdisk /dev/vda
fdisk: unable to open /dev/vda: Permission denied
$ sudo su
$ id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),10(wheel)
$ pwd
/root
$ fdisk /dev/vda
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vda: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem
/dev/vda1 * 16065 2088449 1036192+83Linux
Command (m for help): q
$ exit
Connection to 111.40.215.11 closed.
#
私有网络创建并启动实例
# . demo-openrc
# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------------------+
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | ac81ae62-b5c0-44de-ad4f-bc719481e1f5 111.40.215.0/28 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+------------------------------------------------------+
# neutron net-create selfservice
Created a new network:
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | nova |
| created_at | 2017-07-18T10:26:22 |
| description | |
| id | 3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 |
| ipv4_address_scope | |
| ipv6_address_scope | |
| mtu | 1450 |
| name | selfservice |
| port_security_enabled | True |
| router:external | False |
| shared | False |
| status | ACTIVE |
| subnets | |
| tags | |
| tenant_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| updated_at | 2017-07-18T10:26:22 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
# neutron net-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | subnets |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| 3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 | selfservice | |
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 10.0.0.0/16 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------+
# egrep "tenant_network_types|vni_ranges" /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini//确认以下两项值配置正确
tenant_network_types = vxlan
vni_ranges = 1:1000
# neutron subnet-create --name selfservice \
>--dns-nameserver 172.16.0.2 --gateway 172.16.0.1 \
>selfservice 172.16.0.0/24
Created a new subnet:
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| allocation_pools| {"start": "172.16.0.2", "end": "172.16.0.254"} |
| cidr | 172.16.0.0/24 |
| created_at | 2017-07-20T18:23:52 |
| description | |
| dns_nameservers | 172.16.0.2 |
| enable_dhcp | True |
| gateway_ip | 172.16.0.1 |
| host_routes | |
| id | e51d7043-49ff-45ab-a407-6739e0974144 |
| ip_version | 4 |
| ipv6_address_mode | |
| ipv6_ra_mode | |
| name | selfservice |
| network_id | 3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 |
| subnetpool_id | |
| tenant_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| updated_at | 2017-07-20T18:23:52 |
+-------------------+------------------------------------------------+
# neutron subnet-list//验证创建的私有网络IP子网
+--------------------------------------+-------------+---------------+------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | cidr | allocation_pools |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+---------------+------------------------------------------------+
| 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 | provider | 10.0.0.0/16 | {"start": "10.0.0.101", "end": "10.0.0.200"} |
| e51d7043-49ff-45ab-a407-6739e0974144 | selfservice | 172.16.0.0/24 | {"start": "172.16.0.2", "end": "172.16.0.254"} |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+---------------+------------------------------------------------+
#
创建私有网络路由（将私有网络的路由上一个接口连接到私有网络上，另一个出口连接到公有网络出口网卡上）
# . admin-openrc
# neutron net-update provider --router:external
Updated network: provider
# . demo-openrc
# neutron router-create router//创建一个私有网络路由
Created a new router:
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | |
| description | |
| external_gateway_info | |
| id | 3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b |
| name | router |
| routes | |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
# neutron router-list//查看刚才创建的路由
+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| id | name | external_gateway_info |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------------+
| 3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b | router | null |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-----------------------+
# neutron router-interface-add router selfservice//给私有网络添加一个路由
Added interface d962f154-1498-441d-8296-baf31fd57b69 to router router.
# neutron router-show 3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| admin_state_up | True |
| availability_zone_hints | |
| availability_zones | nova |
| description | |
| external_gateway_info | |
| id | 3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b |
| name | router |
| routes | |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
+-------------------------+--------------------------------------+
# neutron router-gateway-set router provider//给私有网络路由器添加一个公网出口
Set gateway for router router
# neutron router-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | external_gateway_info |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b | router | {"network_id": "3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3", "enable_snat": true, "external_fixed_ips": [{"subnet_id": "7e8b9dbb- |
| | | 28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4", "ip_address": "10.0.0.103"}]} |
+--------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#
验证操作的正确性
# . admin-openrc
# ip netns
qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b (id: 2)
qdhcp-3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 (id: 0)
qdhcp-3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 (id: 1)
# neutron router-port-list router
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id | name | mac_address | fixed_ips |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| d962f154-1498-441d-8296-baf31fd57b69 | | fa:16:3e:68:7b:60 | {"subnet_id": "e51d7043-49ff-45ab-a407-6739e0974144", "ip_address": "172.16.0.1"} |
| f6e285c1-48f5-4c79-bd4d-f94f110bbbcf | | fa:16:3e:86:09:4a | {"subnet_id": "7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4", "ip_address": "10.0.0.103"} |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
从控制节点上Ping这个私网路由的公网出口IP地址
# ping -c 4 10.0.0.103
PING 10.0.0.103 (10.0.0.103) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.0.103: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.143 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.103: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.099 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.103: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.095 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.103: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.071 ms
--- 10.0.0.103 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 2999ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.071/0.102/0.143/0.026 ms
#
私有网络上创建实例
# . demo-openrc
# openstack flavor list
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| ID | Name | RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
| 0| m1.nano | 64 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 1| m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 2| m1.small|2048 | 20 | 0 | 1 | True |
| 3| m1.medium |4096 | 40 | 0 | 2 | True |
| 4| m1.large|8192 | 80 | 0 | 4 | True |
| 5| m1.xlarge | 16384 |160 | 0 | 8 | True |
+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+
# openstack image list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| ID | Name | Status |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
| 9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98 | cirros | active |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
# openstack network list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Subnets |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| 3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 | selfservice | e51d7043-49ff-45ab-a407-6739e0974144 |
| 3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 | provider | 7e8b9dbb-28a3-406d-b598-4837030cbba4 |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------------------------+
# openstack security group list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Description | Project |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
| 8e90c78c-9ddd-45da-bf00-95747ca3f7c9 | default | Default security group | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+----------------------------------+
# openstack server create --flavor m1.nano --image cirros \
> --nic net-id=3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 --security-group default \
> --key-name mykey selfservice-instance
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | None |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | None |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | |
| adminPass | 5bfK4dx8xSqt |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-07-21T07:17:16Z |
| flavor | m1.nano (0) |
| hostId | |
| id | a7c51098-20d7-4f01-b3b9-451694fddfb4 |
| image | cirros (9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98) |
| key_name | mykey |
| name | selfservice-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
| status | BUILD |
| updated | 2017-07-21T07:17:17Z |
| user_id | deb3adea97e34fee9161a47940762a53 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+
# openstack server list
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status| Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------+
| a7c51098-20d7-4f01-b3b9-451694fddfb4 | selfservice-instance | ACTIVE| selfservice=172.16.0.3 |
| a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438 | provider-instance | SHUTOFF | provider=10.0.0.102 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------+
# openstack server show a7c51098-20d7-4f01-b3b9-451694fddfb4
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | None |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2017-07-21T07:17:30.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | None |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| addresses | selfservice=172.16.0.3 |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2017-07-21T07:17:16Z |
| flavor | m1.nano (0) |
| hostId | a33066b316f8685eaf842bff56b5d4806daae5ef486f84a9904f7e82 |
| id | a7c51098-20d7-4f01-b3b9-451694fddfb4 |
| image | cirros (9b0a7de0-6ff5-488b-9067-813e8a88de98) |
| key_name | mykey |
| name | selfservice-instance |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| project_id | 0200f6457da84abd9055a5c192386747 |
| properties | |
| security_groups | [{u'name': u'default'}] |
| status | ACTIVE |
| updated | 2017-07-21T07:17:30Z |
| user_id | deb3adea97e34fee9161a47940762a53 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
# openstack console url show selfservice-instance//查看vnc访问的url地址
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| type| novnc |
| url | http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html?token=792b5735-ce5c-41ef-ac96-d8dbaaa5c62a |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
#
前往计算节点查看实例启动情况
# virsh list --all
Id Name State
----------------------------------------------------
1 instance-00000001 running
- instance-00000002 running
#
从控制节点上通过路由器登录私有网络启动的这个实例
# . demo-openrc
# ip netns
qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b (id: 2)
qdhcp-3b9946b0-b55a-4cdf-a1e4-252a9557fd06 (id: 0)
qdhcp-3bd7b504-e172-462b-a904-c7df815964b3 (id: 1)
# ip netns exec qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b ping -c 4 172.16.0.3
PING 172.16.0.3 (172.16.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.16.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.37 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.3: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.28 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.3: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.20 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.3: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=1.01 ms
--- 172.16.0.3 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.012/1.468/2.371/0.530 ms
# ip netns exec qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b ssh cirros@172.16.0.3
^C
# ip netns exec qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b ssh -p 22 cirros@172.16.0.3
The authenticity of host '172.16.0.3 (172.16.0.3)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b9:31:6a:e0:a1:aa:ee:31:de:c0:ad:1e:71:db:25:76.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '172.16.0.3' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FA:16:3E:68:62:5D
inet addr:172.16.0.3Bcast:172.16.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::f816:3eff:fe68:625d/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1450Metric:1
RX packets:150 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:166 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:18559 (18.1 KiB)TX bytes:16896 (16.5 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
$ ping -c 4 172.16.0.1//检验到网关的连接
PING 172.16.0.1 (172.16.0.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.16.0.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=1.213 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.1: seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.206 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.1: seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.146 ms
64 bytes from 172.16.0.1: seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.253 ms
--- 172.16.0.1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.146/1.204/1.253 ms
$ ping -c 4 10.0.0.10//检验从内网到外网的连接
PING 10.0.0.10 (10.0.0.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=0 ttl=63 time=1.232 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=1 ttl=63 time=1.152 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.231 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.10: seq=3 ttl=63 time=1.140 ms
--- 10.0.0.10 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 1.140/1.188/1.232 ms
$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
169.254.169.254 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 eth0
172.16.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
$
cirros用户切换到root用户的一些简单操作
$ id
uid=1000(cirros) gid=1000(cirros) groups=1000(cirros)
$ pwd
/home/cirros
$ fdisk /dev/vda
fdisk: unable to open /dev/vda: Permission denied
$ sudo su
$ id
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root),10(wheel)
$ pwd
/root
$ fdisk /dev/vda
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vda: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders, total 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000
Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem
/dev/vda1 * 16065 2088449 1036192+83Linux
Command (m for help):
查看私网路由上的路由规则（目的是查看路由到实例的SNAT规则）
# ip netns exec qrouter-3d8da905-0bdc-4d82-8c69-33b83155d17b iptables -t nat -vnL
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 6937 packets, 526K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
6937526K neutron-l3-agent-PREROUTINGall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 9 packets, 1976 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 3 packets, 204 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
3 204 neutron-l3-agent-OUTPUTall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
5 372 neutron-l3-agent-POSTROUTINGall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
2 168 neutron-postrouting-bottomall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain neutron-l3-agent-OUTPUT (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain neutron-l3-agent-POSTROUTING (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
3 204 ACCEPT all--!qg-f6e285c1-48 !qg-f6e285c1-480.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ! ctstate DNAT
Chain neutron-l3-agent-PREROUTING (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 REDIRECT tcp--qr-+ * 0.0.0.0/0 169.254.169.254 tcp dpt:80 redir ports 9697
Chain neutron-l3-agent-float-snat (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain neutron-l3-agent-snat (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
2 168 neutron-l3-agent-float-snatall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
2 168 SNAT all--* qg-f6e285c1-480.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 to:10.0.0.103
0 0 SNAT all--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 mark match ! 0x2/0xffff ctstate DNAT to:10.0.0.103
Chain neutron-postrouting-bottom (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
2 168 neutron-l3-agent-snatall--* * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 /* Perform source NAT on outgoing traffic. */
#
流动IP固化
在公网上申请一个流动IP
# . demo-openrc
# openstack ip floating create provider//在公网上申请一个流动IP
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
| fixed_ip | None |
| id | c6a7fd4c-ecc5-48f0-9a10-95bfdaaf8414 |
| instance_id | None |
| ip | 10.0.0.104 |
| pool | provider |
+-------------+--------------------------------------+
#
将申请的流动IP固定到指定实例上
# openstack ip floating add 10.0.0.104 selfservice-instance
# openstack server list//查看绑定过流动IP的实例的情况
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status| Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------------------+
| a7c51098-20d7-4f01-b3b9-451694fddfb4 | selfservice-instance | ACTIVE| selfservice=172.16.0.3, 10.0.0.104 |
| a8234b31-7acb-4f2c-abfc-34d8bfd76438 | provider-instance | SHUTOFF | provider=10.0.0.102 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------+---------+------------------------------------+
# ping -c 4 10.0.0.104//此时ping 流动IP 10.0.0.104实际是ping包被私网路由DNAT到了私网IP 172.16.0.3
PING 10.0.0.104 (10.0.0.104) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.0.104: icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=2.28 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.104: icmp_seq=2 ttl=63 time=1.14 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.104: icmp_seq=3 ttl=63 time=1.21 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.0.104: icmp_seq=4 ttl=63 time=1.21 ms
--- 10.0.0.104 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3004ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 1.147/1.466/2.289/0.475 ms
#
检验流动IP固化效果
# ssh -p 22 cirros@10.0.0.104//使用流动公网IP可以直接登录私网实例上
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.104 (10.0.0.104)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b9:31:6a:e0:a1:aa:ee:31:de:c0:ad:1e:71:db:25:76.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.104' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
$ ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr FA:16:3E:68:62:5D
inet addr:172.16.0.3Bcast:172.16.0.255Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::f816:3eff:fe68:625d/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1450Metric:1
RX packets:695 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:486 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:71744 (70.0 KiB)TX bytes:54346 (53.0 KiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
$
至此，传说中的云也就这么跑起来了，当然这只是一个模型而矣，实际生产中比这个模型还要复杂的多，需要做调整的地方还非常多，至少还需要有数据存储服务。
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