python paramiko 问题总结
Working with paramikoSSHClient is the main> Here’s a simple example:
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import paramiko
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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
3 ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username='vinod', password='screct')
这样将会报如下错误：
>>> ssh.connect('127.0.0.1',username='root',password='000000')
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 311, in connect
self._policy.missing_host_key(self, server_hostkey_name, server_key)
File "/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages/paramiko/client.py", line 85, in missing_host_key
raise SSHException('Unknown server %s' % hostname)
paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server 127.0.0.1
解决方法：
Known_host="/root/.ssh/known_hosts"<=前提，这里应该存在与127.0.0.1有关的信息。
ssh.load_system_host_keys( known_host)
Another way is to use an SSH key: 1
import paramiko
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import os
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privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/id_rsa')
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mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile)
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ssh.connect('192.168.1.2', username = 'vinod', pkey = mykey)
注意:（这里的key，用的是RSA的key，我们在用ssh-keygen -t rsa来指定它，才可以在这里用，否则将会报无法识别的RSA KEY。而且如果你的RSA Key有密码的话，你还需要
mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='12345678')
不过，我们可以用publickey来登录的。
解法如下:
serverHost = "127.0.0.1"
serverPort = 22
userName = "root"
keyFile = "~/.ssh/badboy"
known_host = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
channel = paramiko.SSHClient();
channel.load_system_host_keys( known_host )
channel.connect( serverHost, serverPort,username = userName, key_filename = keyFile )
）
Running Simple Commands
Lets run some simple commands on a remote machine.
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import paramiko
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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) <=这样的话，就会报paramiko.SSHException: Unknown server
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ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')
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stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -h')
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print stdout.readlines()
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ssh.close()
“paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()” which will auto-accept unknown keys.
Using sudo in running commands:
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import paramiko
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cmd = "sudo /etc/rc.d/apache2 restart"
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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
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ssh.connect('beastie', username='vinod', password='secret')
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stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(cmd)
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stdin.write('secret\n')
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stdin.flush()
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print stdout.readlines()
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ssh.close()
在这个例子中，无法运行，也无法解释，希望志同道合的朋友能给个解释!
Secure File Transfer Using SFTPClient
SFTPClient is used to open an sftp session across an open ssh Transport and do remote file operations.
An SSH Transport attaches to a stream (usually a socket), negotiates an encrypted session, authenticates, and then creates stream tunnels, called Channels, across the session. Multiple channels can be multiplexed across a single session (and often are, in the case of port forwardings).
以下是用密码认证功能登录的
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
socks=('127.0.0.1',22)
testssh=paramiko.Transport(socks)
testssh.connect(username='root',password='000000')
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
remotepath="/tmp/a.log"
localpath="/tmp/c.log"
sftptest.put(remotepath,localpath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()
以下是用DSA认证登录的(PubkeyAuthentication)
#!/usr/bin/env python
import paramiko
serverHost = "192.168.1.172"
serverPort = 22
userName = "root"
keyFile = "/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun"
known_host = "/root/.ssh/known_hosts"
channel = paramiko.SSHClient();
#host_keys = channel.load_system_host_keys(known_host)
channel.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
channel.connect(serverHost, serverPort,username=userName, key_filename=keyFile )
testssh=paramiko.Transport((serverHost,serverPort))
mykey = paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(keyFile,password='xyxyxy')
testssh.connect(username=userName,pkey=mykey)
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
filepath='/tmp/e.log'
localpath='/tmp/a.log'
sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()
以下是用RSA Key认证登录的
#!/usr/bin/evn python
import os
import paramiko
host='127.0.0.1'
port=22
testssh=paramiko.Transport((host,port))
privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')
mykey = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')
username = 'root'
testssh.connect(username=username, pkey=mykey)
sftptest=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(testssh)
filepath='/tmp/e.log'
localpath='/tmp/a.log'
sftptest.put(localpath,filepath)
sftptest.close()
testssh.close()
另一种方法：
在paramiko中使用用户名和密码通过sftp传输文件，不使用key文件。
import getpass
import select
import socket
import traceback
import paramiko
def putfile():
#import interactive
# setup logging
paramiko.util.log_to_file('demo.log')
username = username
hostname = hostname
port = 22
# now connect
try:
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((hostname, port))
except Exception, e:
print '*** Connect failed: ' + str(e)
traceback.print_exc()
sys.exit(1)
t = paramiko.Transport(sock)
try:
t.start_client()
except paramiko.SSHException:
print '*** SSH negotiation failed.'
sys.exit(1)
keys = {}
# check server's host key -- this is important.
key = t.get_remote_server_key()
# get username
t.auth_password(username, password)
sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
# dirlist on remote host
d=datetime.date.today()-datetime.timedelta(1)
sftp.put(localFile,serverFile)
sftp.close()
t.close()
使用DSA认证登录的(PubkeyAuthentication)
#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket
import paramiko
import os
username='root'
hostname='192.168.1.169'
port = 22
sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((hostname, port))
t=paramiko.Transport(sock)
t.start_client()
key=t.get_remote_server_key()
#t.auth_password(username,'000000')
privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('/root/.ssh/zhuzhengjun')
mykey=paramiko.DSSKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='061128')
t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)
sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")
sftp.close()
t.close()
使用RSA Key验证
#!/usr/bin/env python
import socket
import paramiko
import os
username='root'
hostname='127.0.0.1'
port = 22
sock=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((hostname, port))
t=paramiko.Transport(sock)
t.start_client()
key=t.get_remote_server_key()
#t.auth_password(username,'000000')
privatekeyfile = os.path.expanduser('~/.ssh/badboy')
mykey=paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(privatekeyfile,password='000000')
t.auth_publickey(username,mykey)
sftp=paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
sftp.put("/tmp/a.log","/tmp/h.log")
sftp.close()
t.close()
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