管理员shell脚本
Technorati 标记: shell,df,sed,awk-监视系统统计信息
监视磁盘空闲空间
磁盘资源占用情况
监视CPU和内存使用情况
-执行备份
归档数据文件
脱机存储备份文件
监视系统统计信息
· 监视磁盘空闲空间
此shell脚本将监视特定卷上（如/）的可用磁盘空间，并在可用磁盘空间低于设置的阈值时发送一则电子邮件信息。
#!/bin/bash
# monitor available disk space
#注意格式 变量=`值`
SPACE=`df|sed -n '/\/$/p'| gawk '{print $5}'|sed 's/%//'`
if [ $SPACE -ge 20 ]
then
echo "Disk space on root at $SPACE% used"|mail –s “Disk warning”
else
echo "Disk space on root is OK"
fi
添加任务计划
运行此脚本的频率取决于文件服务器的活跃程度。空间小的，一天一次；
#小型，每天上午12：30
30 0 * * * /root/diskmon
#大型，每天4次，12：30，8：30，下午12：30和下午4：30
30 0,8,12,16 * * * /root/diskmon
· 用户磁盘使用情况#!/bin/bash
# calculate disk usage and report per user
TEMP
=`mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXX`
du -s /home/* |grep -v lost|sed 's/\/home\///'|sort -g -r > $TEMP
TOTAL=`du -s /home |gawk '{print $1}'`
cat $TEMP |gawk -v n="$TOTAL" '
BEGIN {
print "Total Disk Useage by User"
print "User\tSpace\tPercent"
}
{
printf "%s\t%d\t%6.2f%\n",$2,$1,($1/n)*100
}
END {
print "---------------------------";
printf "Total\t%d\n", n
}'
rm -f $TEMP
结果如下# ./diskhogs.sh
Total Disk Useage by User
User Space Percent
benny
3704 99.68%
test
12 0.32%
---------------------------
Total 3716
· 监控CPU和内存使用情况 捕获脚本
#!/bin/bash
# script to capture system statistics
OUTFILE
=/root/capstats.csv
DATE
=`date +%m/%d/%Y`
TIME
=`date +%k:%M:%S`
TIMEOUT
=`uptime`
VMOUT
=`vmstat 1 2`
USERS
=`echo $TIMEOUT | awk '{print $4}'`
LOAD
=`echo $TIMEOUT | awk '{print $9}'| sed 's/,//'`
FREE
=`echo "$VMOUT"| sed -n '//p' | sed -n '2p' | awk '{print $4}'`
IDLE
=`echo "$VMOUT" | sed -n '//p' | sed -n '2p' | awk '{print $15}'`
echo "$DATE,$TIME,$USERS,$LOAD,$FREE,$IDLE" >> $OUTFILE
结果如下# cat capstats.csv
12/11/2016, 0:09:02,2,0.04,183360,100
输出html格式
#
!/bin/bash
# parse capstats data into daily report
FILE
=/root/capstats.csv
TEMP
=/root/capstats.html
=which mutt
DATE
=`date +"%A,%B,%d,%Y"`
echo "Report for $DATE" > $TEMP
echo "" >> $TEMP
echo "DateTimeUsers" >> $TEMP
echo "LoadFree Memory%CPU>
cat $FILE |awk -F, '{
printf "%s%s%s",$1,$2,$3;
printf "%s%s%s\n\n",$4,$5,$6;
}' >> $TEMP
echo "" >> $TEMP
$MAIL -a $TEMP -s "Stat report for $DATE" root < /dev/null
#rm -f $TEMP
结果如下
执行备份
使用shell脚本备份系统上数据的两种不同的方法。
· 1）归档数据文件
必需函数 tar命令
tar命令用于将整个目录归档为单个文件。
tar -cf archive.tar /root/test 2> /dev/null
创建日常归档文件
#!/bin/bash
# archive a working diretory
DATE
=`date +%y%m%d`
FILE
=archive$DATE
SOURCE
=/root/test
DESTINATION
=/root/archive/$FILE
tar -cf $DESTINATION $SOURCE 2> /dev/null
gzip $DESTINATION
创建每小时的归档脚本
#!/bin/bash
# archive a working diretory hourly
DAY
=`date +%d`
MONTH
=`date +%m`
TIME
=`date +%k%M`
SOURCE
=/root/test
BASEDEST
=/root/archive
mkdir -p $BASEDEST/$MONTH/$DAY
DESTINATION
=$BASEDEST/$MONTH/$DAY/archive$TIME
tar -cf $DESTINATION $SOURCE 2> /dev/null
gzip $DESTINATION
可结合cron
· 2）脱机存储备份文件
工作目录归档可以邮件附件的形式发送
#!/bin/bash
# archive a working directory and e
-mail it out
=`which mutt`
DATE
=`date +%y%m%d`
FILE
=archive$DATE
SOURCE
=/root/test
DESTINATION
=/root/archive/$FILE
ZIPFILE
=$DESTINATION.zip
tar -cf $DESTINATION $SOURCE 2> /dev/null
zip $ZIPFILE $DESTINATION
rm -f $DESTINATION
$MAIL -a $ZIPFILE -s "Archive for $DATE" root@docker1.com < /dev/null
PS: df sed awk
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