oracle修改字符集方法
环境:OS:Red Hat Linux As 5
DB:Oracle 10.2.0.4
通常情况下,字符集是在安装的时候选定好的,需要修改数据库的字符集Oracle建议的做法是重建数据库(EXP/EXPDP导出后再导入),虽然Oracle官方文档也有说如何修改字符集,但这不是Orale推荐的方法.下面是Oracle官方文档中提到的如何修改字符集的方法.
alter database datafile '' offline drop
1.查看当前数据库字符集
select * from nls_database_parameters
where parameter='NLS_CHARACTERSET';
-----------------------------------
PARAMETER VALUE
NLS_CHARACTERSET WE8ISO8859P1
这里的字符集WE8ISO8859P1是不支持中文的
2.将字符集修改为中文字符集ZHS16GBK
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> STARTUP MOUNT;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area734003200 bytes
Fixed>
Variable> Database Buffers 465567744 bytes
Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL>>
System>
SQL>>
Database>
SQL>> ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set
SQL>> alter system disable restricted session;
Database> SQL> SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area734003200 bytes
Fixed>
Variable> Database Buffers 465567744 bytes
Redo Buffers 2969600 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
这样将数据库的字符集由原来的WE8ISO8859P1修改成了ZHS16GBK,对原来的字符集有中文的显示的还是乱码,但对新入库的中文字符集就能正常显示.
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