Acfe 发表于 2018-9-9 12:02:44

oracle性能调优学习0621

  1.PLAN_table
  column query_plan format a55
  column cardinality format 99999
  column cost format 99999
  delete from plan_table;
  set lines 100
  set pages 100
  set echo on
  EXPLAIN PLAN FOR
  SELECT *
  FROM hr.employees JOIN hr.departments USING (department_id);
  SELECT RTRIM (LPAD (' ', 2 * LEVEL) ||
  RTRIM (operation) || ' ' ||
  RTRIM (options) || ' ' ||
  object_name) query_plan,
  cost, cardinality
  FROM plan_table

  CONNECT BY PRIOR>
  START WITH>  SELECT * FROM TABLE(dbms_xplan.display());
  2.查询总消耗时间最多的前10条sql语句:
  SELECT sql_id, child_number, sql_text, elapsed_time
  FROM (SELECT sql_id,
  child_number,
  sql_text,
  elapsed_time,
  cpu_time,
  disk_reads,
  rank() over(ORDER BY elapsed_time DESC) AS elapsed_rank
  FROM v$sql)
  WHERE elapsed_rank < 10;
  通过sql_id得到执行计划:SQL>select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('bdfmh45d9vy9y',0,'TYPICAL'));
  DBMS_XPLAN.display函数展示了PLAN_TABLE中的执行计划,而DISPLAY_CURSOR则展示了在v$sql_plan中缓存的执行计划的信息。
  explain plan for SELECT department_name, last_name, job_title
  FROM hr.employees
  JOIN hr.departments
  USING (department_id)
  JOIN hr.jobs
  USING (job_id)
  7   ORDER BY department_name, job_title;
  Explained.
  SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display(null,null,'TYPICAL -BYTES'));
  PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Plan hash value: 3301068746
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  |>  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |      |106 |   10(20)| 00:00:01 |
  |   1 |SORT ORDER BY         |      |106 |   10(20)| 00:00:01 |
  |*2 |   HASH JOIN         |      |106 |    9(12)| 00:00:01 |
  |   3 |    MERGE JOIN         |      |106 |    6(17)| 00:00:01 |
  |   4 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPARTMENTS |   27 |    2   (0)| 00:00:01 |
  |   5 |      INDEX FULL SCAN      | DEPT_ID_PK|   27 |    1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
  |*6 |   SORT JOIN         |      |107 |    4(25)| 00:00:01 |
  |   7 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL      | EMPLOYEES   |107 |    3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
  |   8 |    TABLE ACCESS FULL      | JOBS      |   20 |    3   (0)| 00:00:01 |
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  Predicate Information (identified by operation>  ---------------------------------------------------
  2 - access("EMPLOYEES"."JOB_ID"="JOBS"."JOB_ID")
  6 - access("EMPLOYEES"."DEPARTMENT_ID"="DEPARTMENTS"."DEPARTMENT_ID")
  filter("EMPLOYEES"."DEPARTMENT_ID"="DEPARTMENTS"."DEPARTMENT_ID")
  22 rows selected.
  SQL> explain plan for select department_name,last_name from hr.employees join hr.departments using(department_id);
  Explained.
  SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display(null,null,'BASIC +PREDICATE'));
  PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Plan hash value: 1473400139
  ----------------------------------------------------------

  |>  ----------------------------------------------------------
  |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT      |    |
  |   1 |MERGE JOIN       |    |
  |   2 |   TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| DEPARTMENTS|
  |   3 |    INDEX FULL SCAN      | DEPT_ID_PK|
  |*4 |   SORT JOIN       |    |
  |   5 |    VIEW      | index$_join$_001|
  |*6 |   HASH JOIN       |    |
  |   7 |      INDEX FAST FULL SCAN    | EMP_DEPARTMENT_IX |
  |   8 |      INDEX FAST FULL SCAN    | EMP_NAME_IX|
  ----------------------------------------------------------

  Predicate Information (identified by operation>  ---------------------------------------------------
  4 - access("EMPLOYEES"."DEPARTMENT_ID"="DEPARTMENTS"."DEPARTMENT_ID")
  filter("EMPLOYEES"."DEPARTMENT_ID"="DEPARTMENTS"."DEPARTMENT_ID")
  6 - access(ROWID=ROWID)
  22 rows selected.
  虚拟索引:
  虚拟索引是指没有创建对应的物理实体的索引。虚拟索引的目的,是在不必消耗时间,耗cpu,耗IO已经消耗大量的存储空间去实际创建索引的情况下,来判读一个索引是否能够对SQL优化起到作用。
  SQL> explain plan for select * from sh.sales where quantity_sold>10000;
  Explained.
  SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display(null,null,'BASIC +COST'));
  PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
  ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Plan hash value: 1744557519
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------

  |>  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  |   0 | SELECT STATEMENT   |   |4   (0)|
  |   1 |TABLE ACCESS BY GLOBAL INDEX ROWID| SALES    |4   (0)|
  |   2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN   | INDEX_QU_SOLD |3   (0)|
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------
  9 rows selected

  SQL>>
  Session>  SQL> create index sh.sales_vi1 on sh.sales(quantity_sold) nosegment;
  Index created.
  跟踪oracle执行:

  SQL>>
  Session>  SQL> begin
  2dbms_session.session_trace_enable(waits=>true,binds=>false,plan_stat=>'all_executions');
  3end;
  4/
  PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
  识别跟踪文件:

  SQL>>
  Session>  $ ls -l *GUY*
  -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin 36056 Jun 21 14:54 MECBS2_ora_24731_GUY.trc
  -rw-r----- 1 oracle asmadmin   328 Jun 21 14:54 MECBS2_ora_24731_GUY.trm
  获取跟踪文件的状态:
  SELECT s.sql_trace,
  s.sql_trace_waits,
  s.sql_trace_binds,
  traceid,
  tracefile
  FROM v$session s
  JOIN v$process p
  ON (p.addr = s.paddr)
  WHERE audsid = userenv('SESSIONID');

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