Oracle Study学习之--Flashback Archive
Oracle Study学习之--Flashback ArchiveCREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE
Purpose
Use the CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE statement tocreate a flashback data archive, which provides the ability to automaticallytrack and archive transactional data changes to specified database objects. Aflashback data archive consists of multiple tablespaces and stores historicdata from all transactions against tracked tables.
Flashback dataarchives retain historical data for the time duration specified using the RETENTION parameter.Historical data can be queried using the Flashback Query AS OF clause.Archived historic data that has aged beyond the specified retention period isautomatically purged.
Flashback dataarchives retain historical data across data definition language (DDL) changesto tables enabled for flashback data archive. Flashback data archives supportsa lot of common DDL statements, including some DDL statements that> Syntax
create_flashback_archive::=
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一、 建立flashbackarchive
1、建立flashback专用表空间
14:33:13 SYS@ orcl >create tablespaceflash_tbs
14:33:262datafile'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/flash_tbs01.dbf'> Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:22.03
2、建立flashback archive
14:36:16 SYS@ orcl >create flashbackarchive farch1
14:36:542tablespace flash_tbs
14:36:583quota 20m
14:37:014retention 1 month;
Flashback archive created.
3、修改flashback archive属性
14:37:09 SYS@ orcl >alter flashbackarchive farch1 set default;
Flashback archive> Elapsed: 00:00:00.15
4、查看flashback archive属性
14:40:13 SYS@ orcl >colFLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NAME for a20
14:40:25 SYS@ orcl >select FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NAME,RETENTION_IN_DAYS ,STATUS fromdba_flashback_archive;
FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NA RETENTION_IN_DAYSSTATUS
-------------------- ------------------------
FARCH1 30 DEFAULT
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
14:41:54 SYS@ orcl >col QUOTA_IN_MB fora10
14:42:02 SYS@ orcl >select * from dba_flashback_archive_ts;
FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NA FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE# TABLESPACE_NAME QUOTA_IN_M
-------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ----------
FARCH1 1FLASH_TBS 20
5、添加tablespace到flashback archive
14:42:03 SYS@ orcl >create tablespaceflash_tbs2
14:42:362datafile'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/flash_tbs2a.dbf'> Tablespace created.
14:43:51 SYS@ orcl >alter flashbackarchive farch1 add tablespace flash_tbs2;
Flashback archive> Elapsed: 00:00:00.22
14:44:05 SYS@ orcl >select * fromdba_flashback_archive_ts;
FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NA FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE#TABLESPACE_NAME QUOTA_IN_M
-------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ----------
FARCH1 1 FLASH_TBS 20
FARCH1 1 FLASH_TBS2
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
二、在表上启用flashbackarchive
1、授予权限
15:00:11 SYS@ orcl >select * fromsystem_privilege_map where NAME like '%FLASHBACK%';
PRIVILEGE NAME PROPERTY
-------------------------------------------------- ----------
-243 FLASHBACK ANY TABLE 0
-350 FLASHBACK ARCHIVE ADMINISTER 0
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
15:00:38 SYS@ orcl >grant flashbackarchive on farch1 to scott;
Grant succeeded.
15:04:50 SCOTT@ orcl >alter table emp2flashback archive;
Table> 15:11:13 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPECLUSTERID
------------------------------ -----------------
BONUS TABLE
DEPT TABLE
DEPT1 TABLE
EMP TABLE
EMP1 TABLE
EMP2 TABLE
EMP3 TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_75889 TABLE
SYS_FBA_HIST_75889 TABLE
SYS_FBA_TCRV_75889 TABLE
三、 flashback archive 应用
1） 访问历史数据
15:09:01SCOTT@ orcl >set autotrace on
15:09:08SCOTT@ orcl >r
1* select * from emp2 as of timestampto_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:05:04','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
14 rowsselected.
Elapsed:00:00:00.03
ExecutionPlan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hashvalue: 3389285906
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 17 | 1479 | 11(10)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 1 | VIEW | | 17 |1479 | 11 (10)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 2 |UNION-ALL | | | | | | | |
|*3 | FILTER | | | | | | | |
| 4 | PARTITION RANGE SINGLE| | 1 |113 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY | 1 |
|*5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL |SYS_FBA_HIST_75889 | 1 | 113 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY | 1 |
|*6 | FILTER | | | | | | | |
|*7 | HASH JOIN OUTER | | 16 | 34032 | 9 (12)| 00:00:01 | | |
|*8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP2 | 16 | 1584 | 5 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|*9 | TABLE ACCESS FULL |SYS_FBA_TCRV_75889 | 4 |8112 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PredicateInformation (identified by operation> ---------------------------------------------------
3 -filter("TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN"(TIMESTAMP' 2015-05-1115:05:04.000000000')select * from emp2
15:14:53 2versions
15:14:57 3 between timestamp
15:15:16 4 to_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:05:04','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:15:29 5andmaxvalue
15:15:34 6 where ename='SCOTT';
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
Elapsed:00:00:00.01
15:15:45 SCOTT@ orcl >
3） 信息生命周期管理
15:15:45SCOTT@ orcl >select count(*) from emp2;
COUNT(*)
----------
18
Elapsed:00:00:00.00
15:17:22SCOTT@ orcl >insert into emp2 select * from emp2;
18 rowscreated.
Elapsed:00:00:00.00
15:17:31SCOTT@ orcl >commit;
Commit complete.
Elapsed:00:00:00.09
15:17:33SCOTT@ orcl >select count(*) from emp2;
COUNT(*)
----------
36
Elapsed:00:00:00.00
15:17:37SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2
15:18:00 2 versions
15:18:06 3 between timestamp
15:18:13 4 to_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:05:04','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:18:30 5 and
15:18:32 6 to_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:17:33','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:19:06 7 where empno=7788;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
Elapsed:00:00:00.00
15:19:13SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2 where empno=7788;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
Elapsed:00:00:00.00
15:19:25SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2
15:19:42 2 versions
15:19:45 3 between timestamp
15:19:48 4to_timestamp('2015-05-0915:05:04','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:19:59 5and
15:20:02 6 to_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:17:33','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:20:06 7 where empno=7788;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
Elapsed:00:00:00.02
15:20:09SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2
15:20:27 2 versions
15:20:30 3 between timestamp
15:20:37 4 to_timestamp('2015-05-09 15:05:04','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:20:41 5and
15:20:44 6 to_timestamp('2015-05-11 15:20:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')
15:21:01 7 where empno=7788;
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
-------------------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
Elapsed:00:00:00.01
案例测试：
flashback archive：
1、建立flashback archive 专用tablespace
11:15:32 SYS@ orcl >create tablespace ftbs1
11:15:40 2datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/ftbs1.dbf'> Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:25.14
2、建立flashback archive
11:16:17 SYS@ orcl >create flashback archive farch1
11:16:41 2tablespace ftbs1
11:17:14 3quota 20m
11:17:26 4retention 7 day;
Flashback archive created.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.28
3、查询属性
11:17:49 SYS@ orcl >select FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NAME,RETENTION_IN_DAYS ,STATUS from dba_flashback_archive
11:18:07 2;
FLASHBACK_ RETENTION_IN_DAYS STATUS
---------- ----------------- -------
FARCH1 7
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
11:18:08 SYS@ orcl >select * from dba_flashback_archive_ts;
FLASHBACK_ FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE# TABLESPACE_NAME QUOTA_IN_M
---------- ------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
FARCH1 1 FTBS1 20
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
11:18:37 SYS@ orcl >alter flashback archive farch1 set default;
Flashback archive> Elapsed: 00:00:00.19
11:18:56 SYS@ orcl >select FLASHBACK_ARCHIVE_NAME,RETENTION_IN_DAYS ,STATUS from dba_flashback_archive;
FLASHBACK_ RETENTION_IN_DAYS STATUS
---------- ----------------- -------
FARCH1 7 DEFAULT
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
4、授权用户在table启用flashback archive
11:19:11 SYS@ orcl >grant flashback archive on farch1 to scott;
Grant succeeded.
11:20:56 SCOTT@ orcl >alter table emp2 flashback archive farch1;
Table> Elapsed: 00:00:00.31
11:21:14 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPECLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
BONUS TABLE
DEPT TABLE
EMP TABLE
EMP2 TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
T1 TABLE
6 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
11:21:46 SCOTT@ orcl >delete from emp2;
36 rows deleted.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.03
11:22:05 SCOTT@ orcl >commit;
Commit complete.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.19
11:22:08 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPECLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
BONUS TABLE
DEPT TABLE
EMP TABLE
EMP2 TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
T1 TABLE
6 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
11:22:12 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2;
no rows selected
Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
4、查询flashback archive数据
默认，Oracle 优先从undo block读取历史数据，若undo block数据不存在，然后再去访问 flashback archive。
11:24:06 SCOTT@ orcl >set autotrace on
11:24:16 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2 as of timestamp to_timestamp('2015-05-12 11:21:46','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
36 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2941272003
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT| | 654 | 56898 | 9 (0)| 00:00:01 |
| 1 |TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP2 | 654 | 56898 | 9 (0)| 00:00:01 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statistics
----------------------------------------------------------
4recursive calls
0db block gets
10consistent gets
0physical reads
0redo> 2655bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
437bytes received via SQL*Net from client
4SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
0sorts (memory)
0sorts (disk)
36rows processed
从以上sql可以看到，数据是从undo data读出
11:25:16 SCOTT@ orcl >set autotrace off
11:25:23 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from tab;
TNAME TABTYPECLUSTERID
------------------------------ ------- ----------
BONUS TABLE
DEPT TABLE
EMP TABLE
EMP2 TABLE
SALGRADE TABLE
SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_75889 TABLE
SYS_FBA_HIST_75889 TABLE
SYS_FBA_TCRV_75889 TABLE
T1 TABLE
9 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.01
6、建立新的undo tablespace，然后切换
11:19:42 SYS@ orcl >create undo tablespace undotbs1
11:25:57 2datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs1.dbf'> Tablespace created.
Elapsed: 00:00:23.73
11:26:41 SYS@ orcl >show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 3600
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS2
11:26:45 SYS@ orcl >alter system set undo_tablespace=undotbs1;
System> Elapsed: 00:00:00.27
重新启动数据库：
11:27:20 SYS@ orcl >startup force;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area205049856 bytes
Fixed>
Variable> Database Buffers 88080384 bytes
Redo Buffers 2383872 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
再次查询历史数据，因为切换undo tablespace，以前的undo block不能访问，所以会从flashback archive读取数据
11:27:50 @>conn scott/tiger
Connected.
11:27:58 SCOTT@ orcl >set autotrace on
11:28:02 SCOTT@ orcl >select * from emp2 as of timestamp to_timestamp('2015-05-12 11:21:46','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss');
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
7654 MARTIN SALESMAN 7698 28-SEP-81 1250 1400 30
7698 BLAKE MANAGER 7839 01-MAY-81 2850 30
7782 CLARK MANAGER 7839 09-JUN-81 2450 10
7788 SCOTT ANALYST 7566 19-APR-87 3000 20
7839 KING PRESIDENT 17-NOV-81 5000 10
7844 TURNER SALESMAN 7698 08-SEP-81 1500 0 30
7876 ADAMS CLERK 7788 23-MAY-87 1100 20
7900 JAMES CLERK 7698 03-DEC-81 950 30
7902 FORD ANALYST 7566 03-DEC-81 3000 20
7934 MILLER CLERK 7782 23-JAN-82 1300 10
7369 SMITH CLERK 7902 17-DEC-80 800 20
7499 ALLEN SALESMAN 7698 20-FEB-81 1600 300 30
EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL COMM DEPTNO
---------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
7521 WARD SALESMAN 7698 22-FEB-81 1250 500 30
7566 JONES MANAGER 7839 02-APR-81 2975 20
36 rows selected.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.13
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 3389285906
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 34 |2958 | 16 (7)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 1 |VIEW | | 34 |2958 | 16 (7)| 00:00:01 | | |
| 2 | UNION-ALL | | | | | | | |
|*3 | FILTER | | | | | | | |
| 4 | PARTITION RANGE SINGLE| | 1 | 113 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY | 1 |
|*5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | SYS_FBA_HIST_75889 | 1 | 113 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | KEY | 1 |
|*6 | FILTER | | | | | | | |
|*7 | HASH JOIN OUTER | | 33 | 70191 | 13 (8)| 00:00:01 | | |
|*8 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | EMP2 | 33 |3267 | 9 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
|*9 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | SYS_FBA_TCRV_75889 | 36 | 73008 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | | |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation> ---------------------------------------------------
3 - filter("TIMESTAMP_TO_SCN"(TIMESTAMP' 2015-05-12 11:21:46.000000000')
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