Oracle Linux 5.8安装Oracle 10.2.0.5 x64-koumm的linux技术博客
一、正常方式全新安装1. oracle安装环境准备
采用OEL5.8 x64安装，安装过程，选反自定义选中图形界面，开发包，开发库，老的软件开发包等，一定要安装，否则在安装数据库过程中报缺包错误，便数据库的安装无法进行下去。
对于不明环境没有安装开发包与开发库的系统，可以采用如下方式安装，最全。
本文出自：http://koumm.blog.51cto.com
# yum groupinstall 'Development Tools'
# yum groupinstall 'Development Libraries'
(1) 确认安装以下包
# rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE}(%{ARCH})\n' binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-gcc-34-c++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers kernel-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libgomp libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel openmotif22 openmotif compat-db setarch libXp
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-20.el5(x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61(x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61(i386)
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.1(x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-0.137-3.el5(i386)
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5(x86_64)
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5(x86_64)
gcc-4.1.2-52.el5(x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.1.2-52.el5(x86_64)
glibc-2.5-81(x86_64)
glibc-2.5-81(i686)
glibc-common-2.5-81(x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-81(x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.5-81(i386)
glibc-headers-2.5-81(x86_64)
kernel-headers-2.6.18-308.el5(x86_64)
ksh-20100621-5.el5(x86_64)
libaio-0.3.106-5(x86_64)
libaio-0.3.106-5(i386)
package libaio-devel is not installed
libgcc-4.1.2-52.el5(x86_64)
libgcc-4.1.2-52.el5(i386)
libgomp-4.4.6-3.el5.1(x86_64)
libgomp-4.4.6-3.el5.1(i386)
libstdc++-4.1.2-52.el5(x86_64)
libstdc++-4.1.2-52.el5(i386)
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2-52.el5(x86_64)
make-3.81-3.el5(x86_64)
package sysstat is not installed
package unixODBC is not installed
package unixODBC-devel is not installed
package openmotif22 is not installed
package openmotif is not installed
package compat-db is not installed
setarch-2.0-1.1(x86_64)
package libXp is not installed
# 挂载ISO文件或光盘
# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
# cd /mnt/Server
#采用OEL5.8 X64安装
rpm -ivh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-11.el5.x86_64.rpm numactl-devel-0.9.8-12.0.1.el5_6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh openmotif22-2.2.3-20.x86_64.rpm openmotif-2.3.1-6.el5.x86_64.rpm
#采用OEL5.10 X64安装
rpm -ivh compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-12.0.1.el5.x86_64.rpm numactl-devel-0.9.8-12.0.3.el5_6.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm unixODBC-libs-2.2.11-10.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.i386.rpm libXp-1.0.0-8.1.el5.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh rpm -ivh openmotif22-2.2.3-20.x86_64.rpm openmotif-2.3.1-7.2.el5.x86_64.rpm
(2)替换sqlplus工具
# wget http://utopia.knoware.nl/~hlub/uck/rlwrap/rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz
# tar zxvf rlwrap-0.37.tar.gz
# cd rlwrap-0.37
# ./configure
# make && make install
注: 如安装rlwrap会提示这个错误信息，本例不会出现如下故障现像。
You need the GNU readline library(ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/readline/ ) to build
this program!
这个时候，需要安装
libtermcap-devel-2.0.8-46.1.i386.rpm
readline-devel-5.1-3.el5.i386.rpm
2. 创建用户帐号
创建oinstall,dba组和oracle用户.
创建用户组和用户的命令如下(用root身份):
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
chmod -R 775 /u01/app
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
3. 修改内核支持
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 359670
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
# sysctl -p
内核参数配置说明：
kernel.shmall = 2097152 # 系统可以使用的共享内存总页数，缺省值就是2097152。
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 # 单个共享内存段的最大值，字节为单位, 此例为2GB。
kernel.shmmni = 4096 # 共享内存段的最大默认数量
# 最大共享内存空间 = kernel.shmall * kernel.shmmni = 2097152*4K = 8G
# 由此可以计算操作系统最大共享内存空间并由上面两个参数决定，例如一个共享内存为16G的系统，16G/kernel.shmmni(4K) = kernel.shmall 需要增大kernel.shmall
# 由于shmmax本例为2G大小，在分配共享内存段的时候会分配多个，例如 2G+2G+2G等这样分配，不会超过最大共享内存空间，建议分配小于共享内存最大值，可以避免过多的创建共享内存段。
# 对于Oracle数据库，SGA就是使用共享内存段空间，SGA的大小要小于最大共享内存空间，否则会报ORA-27102: out of memory，这时就需要查看以上参数是否合理。
4. 修改文件描述符
cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf > /etc/pam.d/login > /etc/profile > /home/oracle/.bash_profile > /etc/rc.local
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