ORACLE RAC 更改instance name完整步骤
下面是更改的部分步骤，但是启动问题还是存在，求达人完整。单实例的数据库修改SID比较简单，只需要修改pfile相关参数，就可以挂载数据库。 RAC环境其实一样，只不过除了修改pfile，还需要修改 OCR信息。
首先来看看RAC的状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.dbapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....l1.inst applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....l2.inst applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....SM1.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....C1.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....SM2.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....C2.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
现在RAC状态一切正常，所有服务已经启动。下面来试下如何修改2台RAC机器的SID，分别修改为：orcl3, orcl4
1. 创建pfile,然后把orcl1--->orcl3orcl2--->orcl4,并传输给另外一个节点，其他参数不任何变更
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> create pfile='/tmp/pfile' from spfile;
File created.
$ scp /tmp/pfile 192.168.18.9:/tmp
pfile 100% 1290 1.3KB/s00:00
$ cat /tmp/pfile
orcl4.__db_cache_size=75497472
orcl3.__db_cache_size=58720256
orcl3.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl3.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__shared_pool_size=79691776
orcl3.__shared_pool_size=96468992
orcl3.__streams_pool_size=0
orcl4.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.cluster_database_instances=2
*.cluster_database=true
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='+DATA1/orcl/controlfile/current.260.696461787'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA1'
*.db_domain='oracle.com'
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
orcl4.instance_number=2
orcl3.instance_number=1
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA1/orcl/'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_listener='LISTENERS_ORCL'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=167772160
orcl4.thread=2
orcl3.thread=1
*.undo_management='AUTO'
orcl3.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
orcl4.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
2. 停止2台节点的数据库(2个节点运行，当然也可以使用srvctl)
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
再来看看状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.dbapplicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l1.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l2.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....C1.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....SM2.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....C2.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
可以看到instance都已经停止。
3. 修改 .bash_profile的ORACLE_SID的环境变量,其他的不需要修改(2个节点)
export ORACLE_SID=orcl3
export ORACLE_SID=orcl4
4. 通过pfile启动数据库（2个节点运行）
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an> SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/pfile';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 167772160 bytes
Fixed>
Variable> Database Buffers 75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
再查看相关RAC状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.dbapplicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l1.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l2.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....C1.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....SM2.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....C2.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
可以看到，虽然启动，但是由于OCR信息并没有修改，所有CRS显示出来并不正确。接下来就是要更新OCR的信息。
在修改之前，先来做个测试：
在RAC1运行;
SQL> create table test(id number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into test values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
在RAC2查看是否有问题：
SQL> select * from test;
> ----------
1
再继续看：
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name string orcl3
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name string orcl4
可以看到，数据库中instance_name已经修改了。
5. 最后就是更新OCR
首先先移除原来的SID信息：
先移除数据库注册信息
Srvctl remove databse –d orcl
再移除数据库实例注册信息
$ srvctl remove instance -d orcl -i orcl1
Remove instance orcl1 from the database orcl? (y/) y
$ srvctl remove instance -d orcl -i orcl2
Remove instance orcl2 from the database orcl? (y/) y
查看CRS状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.dbapplicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....C1.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....SM2.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....C2.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
信息已经移除，接下来就是重新注册新的instance了。
$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl3 -n rac1
$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl4 -n rac2
查看CRS状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type TargetState Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.dbapplicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l3.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....l4.inst applicationOFFLINEOFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....C1.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora.rac1.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac1
ora....SM2.asm applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora....C2.lsnr applicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.gsdapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.onsapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
ora.rac2.vipapplicationONLINEONLINErac2
已经注册成功，可以发现instance变为orcl3,orcl4了。
后面缺少重建SPFILE文件的步骤。。。。
感觉可以用create spfile from pfile='/tmp/pfile';,来覆盖
但是不确定
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