golang HTTP客户端
Get, Head, Post, and PostForm 可以构成 HTTP (or HTTPS) requests:resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
...
resp, err := http.Post("http://example.com/upload", "image/jpeg", &buf)
...
resp, err := http.PostForm("http://example.com/form",
url.Values{"key": {"Value"}, "id": {"123"}})
客户端必须关闭response的body:
resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
if err != nil {
// handle error
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
// ...
TCP客户端设置超时的方法:
c := http.Client{
Transport:
&http.Transport{
Dial: func(netw, addr
string) (net.Conn, error) {
deadline :
= time.Now().Add(25 * time.Second)
c, err :
= net.DialTimeout(netw, addr, time.Second*20)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
c.SetDeadline(deadline)
return c, nil
},
},
}
一些客户端请求的其他设定：
client := &http.Client{
CheckRedirect: redirectPolicyFunc,
}
resp, err :
= client.Get("http://example.com")
// ...
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://example.com", nil)
// ...
req.Header.Add("If-None-Match", `W/"wyzzy"`)
resp, err := client.Do(req)
// ...
要是想在NewRequest里面带上post数据，就必须传入一个io.Reader的body，这个body如果实现了io.Closer，那么返回的Request.body赋给这个body,然后通过Do或者Post什么的关闭。这个实现了io.Reader的body，基本上是通过构成?a=1&b=2这样的query的url.Values转化的，可以通过url.Values.add和set构建，前者可叠加，后者会覆盖之前的值，url.Values有一个Encode可以转化出相应的query字符串，然后再通过strings.NewReader()转换成io.Reader接口，就行了。还可以通过ioutil.NopCloser返回一个带Closer的io.reader
另外post数据的时候记得带上头:
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
下面这个还不知道什么意思
For control over proxies, TLS configuration, keep-alives, compression, and other settings, create a Transport:
tr := &http.Transport{
TLSClientConfig:
&tls.Config{RootCAs: pool},
DisableCompression:
true,
}
client :
= &http.Client{Transport: tr}
resp, err :
= client.Get("https://example.com")
具体的一个例子：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"net"
"time"
"os"
"strings"
)
// func nothing() {
// fmt.Println("nothing")
// client := &http.Client{}
// a := strings.Contains("a", "b")
// u:=&url.URL{}
// r, err := u.Parse("baidu.com")
// os.Exit(0)
// }
const (
LHST = "http://127.0.0.1:3000/"
)
func main() {
client := &http.Client{
Transport: &http.Transport{
Dial: func(netw, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
deadline := time.Now().Add(25 * time.Second)
c, err := net.DialTimeout(netw, addr, time.Second*20)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
c.SetDeadline(deadline)
return c, nil
},
},
}
form := url.Values{}
form.Set("username", "gao")
b := strings.NewReader(form.Encode())
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", LHST+"answer", b)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
res, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println("Fatal error ", err.Error())
os.Exit(0)
}
defer res.Body.Close()
body,err:=ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
再举个例子
func main() {
host :
= "http://www.minigps.net/l.do?"
client :
= http.Client{}
q :
= url.Values{}
q.Set(
"c", "454")
q.Set(
"n", "6")
q.Set(
"a", "8010")
q.Set(
"e", "6652663")
req, _ :
= http.NewRequest("GET", host+q.Encode(), nil)
req.Header.Add(
"Content-Type","application/json;")
res, err :
= client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
os.Exit(
-1)
}
defer res.Body.Close()
body, err :
= ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
fmt.Println(
string(body))
}
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