Oracle教程之ORACLE RAC 更改instance name完整步骤
下面是更改的部分步骤，但是启动问题还是存在，求达人完整。 单实例的数据库修改SID比较简单，只需要修改pfile相关参数，就可以挂载数据库。 RAC环境其实一样，只不过除了修改pfile，还需要修改 OCR信息。首先来看看RAC的状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.db application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....l1.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....l2.inst application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
现在RAC状态一切正常，所有服务已经启动。下面来试下如何修改2台RAC机器的SID，分别修改为：orcl3, orcl4
1. 创建pfile,然后把orcl1--->orcl3 orcl2--->orcl4,并传输给另外一个节点，其他参数不任何变更
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> create pfile='/tmp/pfile' from spfile;
File created.
$ scp /tmp/pfile192.168.18.9:/tmp
pfile 100% 1290 1.3KB/s 00:00
$ cat /tmp/pfile
orcl4.__db_cache_size=75497472
orcl3.__db_cache_size=58720256
orcl3.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__java_pool_size=4194304
orcl3.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__large_pool_size=4194304
orcl4.__shared_pool_size=79691776
orcl3.__shared_pool_size=96468992
orcl3.__streams_pool_size=0
orcl4.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'
*.cluster_database_instances=2
*.cluster_database=true
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='+DATA1/orcl/controlfile/current.260.696461787'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_create_file_dest='+DATA1'
*.db_domain='oracle.com'
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='orcl'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orclXDB)'
orcl4.instance_number=2
orcl3.instance_number=1
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=+DATA1/orcl/'
*.log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.dbf'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=16777216
*.processes=150
*.remote_listener='LISTENERS_ORCL'
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=167772160
orcl4.thread=2
orcl3.thread=1
*.undo_management='AUTO'
orcl3.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
orcl4.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
2. 停止2台节点的数据库(2个节点运行，当然也可以使用srvctl)
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
再来看看状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.db application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l1.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l2.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
可以看到instance都已经停止。
3. 修改 .bash_profile的ORACLE_SID的环境变量,其他的不需要修改(2个节点)
export ORACLE_SID=orcl3
export ORACLE_SID=orcl4
4. 通过pfile启动数据库（2个节点运行）
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an> SQL> startup pfile='/tmp/pfile';
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area167772160 bytes
Fixed>
Variable> Database Buffers 75497472 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
再查看相关RAC状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.db application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l1.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l2.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
可以看到，虽然启动，但是由于OCR信息并没有修改，所有CRS显示出来并不正确。接下来就是要更新OCR的信息。
在修改之前，先来做个测试：
在RAC1运行;
SQL> create table test(id number);
Table created.
SQL> insert into test values(1);
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
在RAC2查看是否有问题：
SQL> select * from test;
ID
----------
1
再继续看：
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name string orcl3
SQL> show parameter instance_name
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
instance_name string orcl4
可以看到，数据库中instance_name已经修改了。
5. 最后就是更新OCR
首先先移除原来的SID信息：
先移除数据库注册信息
Srvctl remove databse –d orcl
再移除数据库实例注册信息
$ srvctl remove instance -d orcl -i orcl1
Remove instance orcl1 from the database orcl? (y/) y
$ srvctl remove instance -d orcl -i orcl2
Remove instance orcl2 from the database orcl? (y/) y
查看CRS状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.db application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
信息已经移除，接下来就是重新注册新的instance了。
$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl3-n rac1
$ srvctl add instance -d orcl -i orcl4-n rac2
查看CRS状态：
# /u01/app/crs/bin/crs_stat -t
Name Type Target State Host
------------------------------------------------------------
ora.orcl.db application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l3.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....l4.inst application OFFLINE OFFLINE
ora....SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....C1.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora.rac1.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac1
ora....SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora....C2.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.gsd application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
ora.rac2.vip application ONLINE ONLINE rac2
已经注册成功，可以发现instance变为orcl3,orcl4了。
后面缺少重建SPFILE文件的步骤。。。。
感觉可以用create spfile from pfile='/tmp/pfile';,来覆盖
但是不确定
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