OneProxy实现MySQL读写分离与负载均衡
OneProxy实现MySQL读写分离与负载均衡
简介
Part1:写在最前
OneProxy平民软件完全自主开发的分布式数据访问层，帮助用户在MySQL/PostgreSQL集群上快速搭建支持分库分表的分布式数据库中间件，也是一款具有SQL白名单（防SQL注入）及IP白名单功能的SQL防火墙软件。采用与MySQL Proxy一致的反向协议输出模式，对应用非常简单和透明易用，让用户畏惧的数据库故障切换（Failover）、读写分离（Read/Write Split）、分库分表（Horizontal Partitioning）等复杂方案变得极其简单可控！基于Libevent机制实现，单个实例可以实现25万的SQL转发能力，用一个OneProxy节点可以带动整个MySQL集群，为业务发展贡献一份力量。
Part2:环境简介
HE1:192.168.1.248 slave1
HE2:192.168.1.249 slave2
HE3:192.168.1.250 Master
HE4:192.168.1.251 Oneproxy
环境构建
Part1:安装Oneproxy
# tar xvf oneproxy-rhel5-linux64-v5.8.5-ga.tar.gz
# ls
binconfdemo.shlogoneproxy.serviceREADMEtestadmin.sqltestautocommit.sqltestproxy.sqltrantest.sql
Part2:构建主从环境
本文的架构是一主两从，HE3作为Master，HE1,HE2作为Slave。主从的构建不是本文的重点，需要的可移步：
1分钟利用mysqlreplicate快速搭建MySQL主从
http://suifu.blog.51cto.com/9167728/1878443
Part3:配置Oneproxy
目录中的demo是初次启动脚本，oneproxy.service是启停脚本,在新版的oneproxy中，conf文件夹的proxy.cnf为配置文件
# cat demo.sh
#/bin/bash
#
export ONEPROXY_HOME=/root/oneproxy
# valgrind --leak-check=full \
${ONEPROXY_HOME}/bin/oneproxy --defaults-file=${ONEPROXY_HOME}/conf/proxy.conf
我们将demo.sh中的ONEPROXY_HOME变更为解压oneproxy时所在的目录
# cat oneproxy.service
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 30 21
# description: OneProxy service.
# Source Function Library
. /etc/init.d/functions
# OneProxy Settings
ONEPROXY_HOME=/root/oneproxy
ONEPROXY_SBIN="${ONEPROXY_HOME}/bin/oneproxy"
ONEPROXY_CONF="${ONEPROXY_HOME}/conf/proxy.conf"
ONEPROXY_PID="${ONEPROXY_HOME}/log/oneproxy.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="OneProxy"
start() {
echo -n $"Starting $prog ... "
daemon $ONEPROXY_SBIN --defaults-file=$ONEPROXY_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog ... "
if [ -e ${ONEPROXY_PID} ]; then
daemon kill -INT $(cat ${ONEPROXY_PID})
RETVAL=$?
fi
echo
}
restart(){
stop
sleep 1
start
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
restart
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
RETVAL=1
esac
exit $RETVAL
同时，将oneproxy.service中的ONEPROXY_HOME也改为解压时的目录
进入oneproxy中的bin目录，使用mysqlpwd对密码进行加密
# cd bin/
# ls
mysqlpwdoneproxy
# ./mysqlpwd MANAGER
1C6D087BA5D2607A27DECB2F2AFE247E911E877A
编辑proxy.cnf中的内容
# cat proxy.conf
keepalive = 1
event-threads = 4
proxy-group-policy.2 = test:read-slave
log-file = log/oneproxy.log
pid-file = log/oneproxy.pid
lck-file = log/oneproxy.lck
proxy-auto-readonly = 1
proxy-forward-clientip = 1
proxy-trans-debug = 1
proxy-address = :3307
mysql-version = 5.7.16
proxy-master-addresses.1 = 192.168.1.250:3306@test
proxy-slave-addresses.2 = 192.168.1.248:3306@test
proxy-slave-addresses.3 = 192.168.1.249:3306@test
proxy-user-list = sys_admin/1C6D087BA5D2607A27DECB2F2AFE247E911E877A@test
proxy-user-group = test:sys_admin/1C6D087BA5D2607A27DECB2F2AFE247E911E877A@test
proxy-part-template = conf/template.txt
proxy-part-tables.1 = conf/part.txt
proxy-part-tables.2 = conf/part2.txt
proxy-part-tables.3 = conf/cust1.txt
proxy-charset = utf8_bin
proxy-secure-client = 127.0.0.1
# proxy-license= 32C54560E06EFF3E
proxy-httpserver = :8080
proxy-httptitle = OneProxy Monitor
Part4:启动Oneproxy
# ./demo.sh
# ./oneproxy.service restart
Stopping OneProxy ...
Starting OneProxy ...
测试
Part1:Oneproxy状态校验
浏览器打开192.168.1.251:8080端口能够看到oneproxy的管理页面
这里可以看到主从的各种状态信息。
Part2:负载均衡与读写分离校验
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"select @@hostname;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE1 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"select @@hostname;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE2 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"select @@hostname;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE1 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"select @@hostname;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE2 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"select @@hostname;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE1 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"begin;select @@hostname;commit;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE3 |
+------------+
# mysql -usys_admin -pMANAGER -h192.168.1.251 -P3307 -e"begin;select @@hostname;commit;"
mysql: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------+
| @@hostname |
+------------+
| HE3 |
+------------+
可以看到HE1,HE2两个slave作为负载均衡没有问题，HE3作为写服务器也没有问题。
——总结——
OneProxy配合MySQL实现读写分离与负载均衡实验构建成功，Oneproxy还具有分库分表功能，今后会进一步研究。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。
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