Mongodb程序开发之使用JAVA驱动
转载http://shensy.iteye.com/blog/1545335、在工作中使用到了MongoDB，平时也看了一些资料，感觉MongoDB官网内develop zone有个不错的manual，很多资料都可以查到，地址如下：http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Manual
另外，本blog主要记录一下使用mongodb java driver来访问数据库的一些总结。
主要是由createMongoInstance()方法完成初始化工作。
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] protectedstaticfinal Mongo mongoInstance = createMongoInstance();
[*] privatestatic Mongo createMongoInstance() {
[*] MongoOptions mo = new MongoOptions();
[*] mo.socketKeepAlive=true;
[*] mo.autoConnectRetry = true;
[*] mo.maxAutoConnectRetryTime=10;
[*] mo.connectionsPerHost = 40;
[*] mo.connectTimeout = 20 * 1000;
[*] mo.socketTimeout = 60 * 1000;
[*] try {
[*] if (DatabaseProject.DB_CONFIG.containsKey("mongodb.ips")) {
[*] returnnew Mongo(getServerAddrsFromConf("mongodb"),mo);
[*] }
[*] returnnew Mongo(new ServerAddress(DatabaseProject.DB_CONFIG.getString("mongodb.ip"), DatabaseProject.DB_CONFIG.getInt("mongodb.port")),mo);
[*] } catch (Throwable e) {
[*] DatabaseProject.LOGGER.error("Failed to init mongodb", e);
[*] thrownew ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
[*] }
[*] }
其中有一些数据库配置直接写在配置文件里了，在MongoJavaDriverDAO中初始化一部分数据：
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] publicvoid insertCollData(){
[*] //如果该collection不存在则会自动创建
[*] DBCollection parentcoll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCollection childcoll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] for(int i=0;i
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(id)));//直接用string查不出来
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * And多条件查询
[*] */
[*] publicvoid findByAndQuery(int intData,long longData){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();
[*] query.put("intData", intData);
[*] query.put("longData", longData);
[*] System.out.println(coll.findOne(query));
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * OR多条件查询
[*] */
[*] publicvoid findByORQuery(int lte,int gt,long longData){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject query=new BasicDBObject();
[*] BasicDBObject longdata = new BasicDBObject("longData", longData);
[*] BasicDBObject intdata = new BasicDBObject("intData", new BasicDBObject().append("$gt", gt).append("$lte",lte));
[*] BasicDBList cond=new BasicDBList();
[*] cond.add(longdata);
[*] cond.add(intdata);
[*] query.put("$or", cond);
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(query);
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * IN查询
[*] */
[*] publicvoid findByINQuery(int value1,int value2){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject query=new BasicDBObject();
[*] BasicDBList cond=new BasicDBList();
[*] cond.add(value1);
[*] cond.add(value2);
[*] query.put("intData",new BasicDBObject("$in", cond));
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(query);
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * NOT查询
[*] */
[*] publicvoid findByNotQuery(int value1,int value2){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject query=new BasicDBObject();
[*] BasicDBList cond=new BasicDBList();
[*] cond.add(value1);
[*] cond.add(value2);
[*] query.put("intData",new BasicDBObject("$nin", cond));
[*] System.out.println("Count:"+coll.find(query).count());
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 获取结果集第一条
[*] */
[*] publicvoid fetchFirstQuery(int value1,int value2){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBList cond = new BasicDBList();
[*] cond.add(value1);
[*] cond.add(value2);
[*] BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject().append("intData",new BasicDBObject("$nin",cond));
[*] System.out.println(coll.findOne(query));
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询文档部分列
[*] */
[*] publicvoid querySomeKey(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject(),new BasicDBObject("intData",true));
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询内嵌文档
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryInnerDocument(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject map = new BasicDBObject();
[*] map.put("innertype","string");
[*] map.put("innerContent","string0");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject("documentData",map));
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询内嵌部分文档
[*] */
[*] publicvoid querySubInnerDocument(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject("documentData.innerContent","string0"));
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询分页文档
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryByPage(int skipNum,int pageNum){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find().skip(skipNum).limit(pageNum);
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询文档某列是否存在
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryExists(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject("longData",new BasicDBObject("$exists",true)));
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询文档排序
[*] */
[*] publicvoid sortDocument(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find().sort(new BasicDBObject("intData",-1));//1:asc / -1:desc
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
补充distinct查询：
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] /**
[*] * 获取根据某元素做distinct查询.
[*] */
[*] publicvoid distinctKey(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] List list = coll.distinct("documentData.innertype");
[*] for(String str:list){
[*] System.out.println(str);
[*] }
[*] }
不难发现主要用到BasicDBObject、BasicDBList、DBCursor这三个类。BasicDBObject好比一个map，好比使用json查询中的{} 。BasicDBList是个list，用于or，nin等条件查询。DBCursor用于遍历结果集。其实只要将对应的json查询使用这3个类转化一下，就能写出对应的java代码了。
更新相关：
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] /**
[*] * 更新文档1
[*] */
[*] publicvoid updateDocument(){
[*] DB db = getDB();
[*] //由于mongodb中使用连接池的原因,getLastError()需要再次从连接池中获取连接.
[*] //保证update操作和getLastError()使用同一个连接.
[*] db.requestStart();
[*] coll = db.getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("intData",1100),new BasicDBObject("$set", new BasicDBObject("booleanData",false)));
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] if(result.getLastError().ok()){//获取上次操作结果是否有错误.
[*] System.out.println("update document success.");
[*] }else{
[*] System.out.println(result.getLastError().getErrorMessage());
[*] }
[*] db.requestDone();
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 更新文档2
[*] */
[*] publicvoid updateMultiDocument(){
[*] DB db = getDB();
[*] db.requestStart();
[*] coll = db.getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] //第三个参数:如果没有该文档是否创建,第四个参数:是否更新全部匹配条件的文档.
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("booleanData",false),new BasicDBObject("$set", new BasicDBObject("booleanData",true)),false,true);
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] if(result.getLastError().ok()){//获取上次操作结果是否有错误.
[*] System.out.println("update document success.");
[*] }else{
[*] System.out.println(result.getLastError().getErrorMessage());
[*] }
[*] db.requestDone();
[*] }
注意requestStart、requestDone方法保证使用同一个数据库连接。WriteResult记录更新结果。
索引相关：
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] /**
[*] * 创建唯一索引
[*] */
[*] publicvoid createIndexes(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] BasicDBObject index = new BasicDBObject();
[*] index.put("intData",1);//1:asc / -1:desc
[*] index.put("unique",true);//唯一索引
[*] coll.createIndex(index);
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询索引信息
[*] */
[*] publicvoid getIndexes(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] List indexInfo = coll.getIndexInfo();
[*] System.out.println(indexInfo);
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 删除索引信息
[*] */
[*] publicvoid dropIndexes(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ParentColl");
[*] //删除的索引必须跟创建的索引名称\排序\是否唯一都相同才能删除
[*] BasicDBObject index = new BasicDBObject();
[*] index.put("intData",1);
[*] index.put("unique",true);
[*] coll.dropIndex(index);
[*] }
对于文档可能还会对数组操作：
Java代码http://shensy.iteye.com/images/icon_star.png
[*] /**
[*] * 取出文档中的数组
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryArray(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(new BasicDBObject(),new BasicDBObject("arrays",1));
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] BasicDBObject bo = (BasicDBObject)cur.next();
[*] List list = (List)bo.get("arrays");
[*] System.out.println(list.toString());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 查询数组内是否包含某元素
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryElementInArray(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] BasicDBObject query = new BasicDBObject();
[*] BasicDBObject obj = new BasicDBObject();
[*] obj.put("arr0",0);
[*] query.put("arrays", new BasicDBObject("$elemMatch",obj));
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(query);
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 数组内包含元素的值
[*] */
[*] publicvoid queryElementArray(){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] BasicDBObject obj = new BasicDBObject();
[*] obj.put("arrays", "str0");
[*] obj.put("arrays.arr0",0);
[*] obj.put("arrays.arr10",10);
[*] DBCursor cur = coll.find(obj);
[*] while(cur.hasNext()){
[*] System.out.println(cur.next());
[*] }
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * push(pushAll) array element
[*] */
[*] publicvoid pushElementInArray(String _id){
[*] DB db = getDB();
[*] db.requestStart();
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] //WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$push",new BasicDBObject("arrays",new BasicDBObject("arr99","99"))));
[*] List list=new ArrayList();
[*] list.add(new BasicDBObject("arr99",99));
[*] list.add(new BasicDBObject("arr100",100));
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$pushAll",new BasicDBObject("arrays",list)));
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] if(result.getLastError().ok()){
[*] System.out.println("update document success.");
[*] }else{
[*] System.out.println(result.getLastError().getErrorMessage());
[*] }
[*] db.requestDone();
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * pull(pullAll) array element
[*] */
[*] publicvoid pullElementInArray(String _id){
[*] DB db = getDB();
[*] db.requestStart();
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] List list=new ArrayList();
[*] list.add(new BasicDBObject("arr99",99));
[*] list.add(new BasicDBObject("arr100",100));
[*] //WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$pull",new BasicDBObject("arrays",new BasicDBObject("arr100",100))));
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$pullAll",new BasicDBObject("arrays",list)));
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] db.requestDone();
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * pop array element(1,last;-1,first)
[*] */
[*] publicvoid popElementInArray(String _id){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$pop",new BasicDBObject("arrays",-1)));//1,last;-1,first
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * addToSet And Each array element
[*] */
[*] publicvoid addToSetAndEachElementInArray(String _id){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] List list = new ArrayList();
[*] list.add("str0");
[*] list.add("str1");
[*] list.add(new BasicDBObject("arr99",99));
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId(_id)),new BasicDBObject("$addToSet",new BasicDBObject("arrays",new BasicDBObject("$each",list))));//1,last;-1,first
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] }
[*] /**
[*] * 按数组位置更新文档(查询条件需要包含更新内容，$为数组位置占位符，只更新匹配到的第一个文档.)
[*] */
[*] publicvoid updatePositionInArray(String _id){
[*] coll = getCollection("ChildColl");
[*] WriteResult result = coll.update(new BasicDBObject("arrays.arr0", 100),new BasicDBObject("$set",new BasicDBObject("arrays.$.arr0",101)));
[*] System.out.println("update count:"+result.getN());
[*] }
以上都是一些基本的查询、更新操作，当然还有一些如map reduce和关联查询等复杂的方法，我将另写一篇blog总结一下。
参考文献包括：《mongodb权威指南》、《mongodb管理与开发精要》，另外文章开头提到的MongoDB官网内的develop zone也是很不错的资料来源。
PS：
mongodb driver在线API文档： http://api.mongodb.org/java/2.8.0/ （目前是2.8.0）
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