Nginx 源码编译安装
Nginx简单介绍
[*]Nginx is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as well as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. Igor Sysoev started development of Nginx in 2002, with the first public release in 2004. Nginx now hosts nearly 7.67% (35.5M) of all domains worldwide.
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[*]Nginx is known for its high performance, stability, rich feature set, simple configuration, and low resource consumption.
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[*]Nginx is one of a handful of servers written to address the C10K problem. Unlike traditional servers, Nginx doesn't rely on threads to handle requests. Instead it uses a much more scalable event-driven (asynchronous) architecture. This architecture uses small, but more importantly, predictable amounts of memory under load.
[*]Even if you don't expect to handle thousands of simultaneous requests, you can still benefit from Nginx's high-performance and small memory footprint. Nginx scales in all directions: from the smallest VPS all the way up to clusters of servers.
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[*]Nginx powers several high-visibility sites, such as WordPress, Hulu, Github, Ohloh, SourceForge, WhitePages and TorrentReactor.
需要用到的安装包：
openssl-devel
zlib-devel
pcre-devel
gcc
nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
1、解决依赖关系
编译安装nginx需要事先需要安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Development Libraries"。同时，还需要专门安装pcre-devel包，安装pcre 库是为使用Nginx支持 HTTP Rewrite 模块。
# yum -y install pcre-devel
2、首先添加nginx用户和组,实现以之运行nginx服务进程
# groupadd -r nginx
# useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx
#>
3. 解压
# tar xf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
4. 接着开始编译：
[*]# ./configure \
[*]--prefix=/usr \
[*]--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
[*]--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
[*]--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
[*]--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
[*]--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid\
[*]--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
[*]--user=nginx \
[*]--group=nginx \
[*]--with-http_ssl_module \
[*]--with-http_flv_module \
[*]--with-http_stub_status_module \
[*]--with-http_gzip_static_module \
[*]--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
[*]--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
[*]--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
[*]--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
[*]--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
[*]--with-pcre
[*]
5. 安装nginx
# make&& make install
一些主要编译选项 （摘录configure）
[*] --prefix= - Nginx安装路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /usr/local/nginx。
[*]
[*] --conf-path= - 在没有给定-c选项下默认的nginx.conf的路径。如果没有指定，默认为/conf/nginx.conf。
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[*] --pid-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定pid指令的情况下，默认的nginx.pid的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/nginx.pid。
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[*] --lock-path= - nginx.lock文件的路径。
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[*] --error-log-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定error_log指令的情况下，默认的错误日志的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/error.log。
[*]
[*] --http-log-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定access_log指令的情况下，默认的访问日志的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/access.log。
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[*] --user= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定user指令的情况下，默认的nginx使用的用户。如果没有指定，默认为 nobody。
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[*] --group= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定user指令的情况下，默认的nginx使用的组。如果没有指定，默认为 nobody。
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[*] --with-http_ssl_module -开启HTTP SSL模块，使NGINX可以支持HTTPS请求。需要安装了OPENSSL
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[*] --with-http_flv_module
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[*] --with-http_stub_status_module - 启用 "server status" 页(可有可无)
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[*] --without-http_gzip_module - 禁用 ngx_http_gzip_module. 如果启用，需要 zlib 。
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[*] --without-http_ssi_module - 禁用 ngx_http_ssi_module
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[*] --without-http_referer_module - 禁用 ngx_http_referer_module
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[*] --without-http_rewrite_module - 禁用 ngx_http_rewrite_module. 如果启用需要 PCRE 。
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[*] --without-http_proxy_module - 禁用 ngx_http_proxy_module
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[*] --without-http_fastcgi_module - 禁用 ngx_http_fastcgi_module
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[*] --without-http_memcached_module - 禁用 ngx_http_memcached_module
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[*] --without-http_browser_module - 禁用 ngx_http_browser_module
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[*] --http-proxy-temp-path=PATH - Set path to the http proxy temporary files
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[*] --http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH - Set path to the http fastcgi temporary files
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[*] --without-http - 禁用 HTTP server（用作代理或反向代理）
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[*] --with-mail - 启用 IMAP4/POP3/SMTP 代理模块
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[*] --with-mail_ssl_module - 启用 ngx_mail_ssl_module
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[*] --with-openssl=DIR - Set path to OpenSSL library sources
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6. 为Nginx提供sysv风格的服务脚本（ Red Hat Nginx Init Script Should work on RHEL, Fedora, CentOS. Tested on CentOS 5.Save this file as /etc/init.d/nginx ）
#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
内容如下：
[*]#!/bin/sh
[*]#
[*]# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
[*]#
[*]# chkconfig: - 85 15
[*]# description:Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
[*]# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
[*]# processname: nginx
[*]# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
[*]# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
[*]# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
[*]
[*]# Source function library.
[*]. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
[*]
[*]# Source networking configuration.
[*]. /etc/sysconfig/network
[*]
[*]# Check that networking is up.
[*][ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
[*]
[*]nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
[*]prog=$(basename $nginx)
[*]
[*]NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[*]
[*][ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
[*]
[*]lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
[*]
[*]make_dirs() {
[*] # make required directories
[*] user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
[*] options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
[*] for opt in $options; do
[*] if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
[*] value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
[*] if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
[*] # echo "creating" $value
[*] mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
[*] fi
[*] fi
[*] done
[*]}
[*]
[*]start() {
[*] [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[*] [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
[*] make_dirs
[*] echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
[*] daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
[*] retval=$?
[*] echo
[*] [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
[*] return $retval
[*]}
[*]
[*]stop() {
[*] echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
[*] killproc $prog -QUIT
[*] retval=$?
[*] echo
[*] [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
[*] return $retval
[*]}
[*]
[*]restart() {
[*] configtest || return $?
[*] stop
[*] sleep 1
[*] start
[*]}
[*]
[*]reload() {
[*] configtest || return $?
[*] echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
[*] killproc $nginx -HUP
[*] RETVAL=$?
[*] echo
[*]}
[*]
[*]force_reload() {
[*] restart
[*]}
[*]
[*]configtest() {
[*]$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
[*]}
[*]
[*]rh_status() {
[*] status $prog
[*]}
[*]
[*]rh_status_q() {
[*] rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
[*]}
[*]
[*]case "$1" in
[*] start)
[*] rh_status_q && exit 0
[*] $1
[*] ;;
[*] stop)
[*] rh_status_q || exit 0
[*] $1
[*] ;;
[*] restart|configtest)
[*] $1
[*] ;;
[*] reload)
[*] rh_status_q || exit 7
[*] $1
[*] ;;
[*] force-reload)
[*] force_reload
[*] ;;
[*] status)
[*] rh_status
[*] ;;
[*] condrestart|try-restart)
[*] rh_status_q || exit 0
[*] ;;
[*] *)
[*] echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
[*] exit 2
[*]esac
7. 给予执行权限
# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
8. 添加到服务列表中
# chkconfig --add nginx
# chkconfig nginx on
9. 启动服务
# /etc/init.d/nginx start
10. 查看启动状态
# netstat -tnlp| grep nginx
Active Internet connections (only servers)
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 29475/nginx
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