nginx及编译安装nginx-linux
Nginx:不支持动态 支持静态能力强 支持fastcgi响应模式：一个进程响应多个请求
是带事件驱动的epoll机制
网页位置：/usr/html
编译安装nginx
yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
# groupadd -r nginx
# useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx 建立nginx用户和nginx组
下载nginx-1.0.13.tar.gz
tar xf nginx-1.0.13.tar.gz 解压
cd nginx-1.0.13
开始编译：
./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid\
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--with-pcre
make
make install
给nginx脚本
vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加内容
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description:Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
> rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
给权限：
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
添加到服务列表：
chkconfig --add nginx
服务自动启动：
chkconfig nginx on
location
=表示精确匹配，所请求的必须是一个特定文件
~表示做正则表达式匹配 ，
^~不使用正则表达式，只做字符匹配
@转向其他代理服务器
=优先级最高
^~次之
访问日志：
access_log/var/log/nginx/access.logmain;
监听端口
形式如下：
listen 127.0.0.1:8000;
listen 127.0.0.1;
listen 8000;
listen *:8000;
listen localhost:8000;
alias 别名
在server中
例如：
location /bbs {
alias /www/bbs;
}
虚拟主机：
如：
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.magedu.com;
root /www/magedu;
index index.html;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name dz.magedu.com;
root /www/discuz;
index index.html;
}
server {
listen80 default;
server_name _;
root /www/default;
index index.html;
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
定义默认虚拟主机：
server {
listen80 default;
server_name _;
root /www/default;
index index.html;
}
开启nginx状态监控的功能：
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
启用基于用户的认证：
auth_basic "Restricted";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
如：
server {
listen80 default;
server_name _;
root /www/default;
index index.html;
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
auth_basic "Restricted";
auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/.htpasswd;
}
}
访问控制：
如：
location / {
deny 192.168.1.1;
allow 192.168.1.0/24;
allow 10.1.0.0/16;
deny all;
}
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