keepalived+nginx双机热备+负载均衡
http://blog.csdn.net/e421083458/article/details/30092795keepalived+nginx双机热备+负载均衡
最近因业务扩展，需要将当前的apache 转为nginx(web), 再在web前端放置nginx(负载均衡)。同时结合keepalived 对前端nginx实现HA。
nginx进程基于于Master+Slave(worker)多进程模型，自身具有非常稳定的子进程管理功能。在Master进程分配模式下，Master进程永远不进行业务处理，只是进行任务分发，从而达到Master进程的存活高可靠性，Slave(worker)进程所有的业务信号都 由主进程发出，Slave(worker)进程所有的超时任务都会被Master中止，属于非阻塞式任务模型。
Keepalived是Linux下面实现VRRP 备份路由的高可靠性运行件。基于Keepalived设计的服务模式能够真正做到主服务器和备份服务器故障时IP瞬间无缝交接。二者结合，可以构架出比较稳定的软件lb方案。
http://img.blog.csdn.net/20140611194032875?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvZTQyMTA4MzQ1OA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast
准备4台电脑来做这个实验:
192.168.232.132 web服务器
192.168.232.133 web服务器
192.168.232.134 keepalived nginx
192.168.232.135 keepalived nginx
虚拟IP (VIP)：192.168.232.16
134\135两个主机配置虚拟IP
下面以135为例：
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2:0
view plain copy print?
[*] DEVICE=eth2:0
[*] TYPE=Ethernet
[*] ONBOOT=yes
[*] BOOTPROTO=static
[*] DNS1=192.168.232.2
[*] IPADDR=192.168.232.16
[*] NETMASK=255.255.255.0
[*] GETWAY=192.168.232.2
service network restart
使用ifconfig查看效果：
view plain copy print?
[*] eth2 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:0C:29:49:90:5B
[*] inet addr:192.168.232.135Bcast:192.168.232.255Mask:255.255.255.0
[*] inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe49:905b/64 Scope:Link
[*] UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
[*] RX packets:66322 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
[*] TX packets:31860 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
[*] collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
[*] RX bytes:67624991 (64.4 MiB)TX bytes:2723877 (2.5 MiB)
[*] Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
[*]
[*] eth2:0 Link encap:EthernetHWaddr 00:0C:29:49:90:5B
[*] inet addr:192.168.232.16Bcast:192.168.232.255Mask:255.255.255.0
[*] UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICASTMTU:1500Metric:1
[*] Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000
[*]
[*] lo Link encap:Local Loopback
[*] inet addr:127.0.0.1Mask:255.0.0.0
[*] inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
[*] UP LOOPBACK RUNNINGMTU:16436Metric:1
[*] RX packets:22622 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
[*] TX packets:22622 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
[*] collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
[*] RX bytes:1236328 (1.1 MiB)TX bytes:1236328 (1.1 MiB)
说明生效了。
134\135两个主机安装keepalived和nginx
nginx安装：
1、导入外部软件库
rpm -Uvh http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/6/i386/epel-release-6-5.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/6/i386/ius-release-1.0-10.ius.el6.noarch.rpm
rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
以下添加注释
mirrorlist=http://dmirr.iuscommunity.org/mirrorlist?repo=ius-el6&arch=$basearch
以下删除注释
#baseurl=http://dl.iuscommunity.org/pub/ius/stable/Redhat/5/$basearch
2、yum安装nginx
yum install nginx
keepalived安装：
安装依赖
yum -y install gcc gcc+ gcc-c++
yum install popt-devel openssl openssl-devel libssl-dev libnl-devel popt-devel
安装内核
yum -y install kernel kernel-devel
当前kernel代码建立连接 ln -s /usr/src/kerners/2.6....../ /usr/src/linux
安装keepalived
wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz
tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz
cd keepalived-1.2.2
./configure
make
make install
拷贝相应的文件
cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
cp -r /usr/local/etc/keepalived/ /etc/
配置keeplived和nginx主机
134/135执行都执行以下操作：
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
view plain copy print?
[*] server {
[*] listen 8088;
[*] server_namelocalhost;
[*]
[*] location / {
[*] root /var/www/html;
[*] indexindex.html index.htm;
[*] }
[*]
[*] error_page 500 502 503 504/50x.html;
[*] location = /50x.html {
[*] root /usr/share/nginx/html;
[*] }
[*] }
135执行以下操作：
vi /var/www/html/index.html
view plain copy print?
[*]
[*]
[*] Welcome to nginx!
[*]
[*]
[*] Welcome to nginx! 192.168.232.135
[*]
[*]
134执行以下操作：
vi /var/www/html/index.html
view plain copy print?
[*]
[*]
[*] Welcome to nginx!
[*]
[*]
[*] Welcome to nginx! 192.168.232.134
[*]
[*]
134执行以下操作：
vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
view plain copy print?
[*] ! Configuration File for keepalived
[*]
[*] global_defs {
[*] notification_email {
[*] #acassen@firewall.loc
[*] #failover@firewall.loc
[*] #sysadmin@firewall.loc
[*] }
[*] #notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
[*] #smtp_server 192.168.200.1
[*] #smtp_connect_timeout 30
[*] router_id LVS_DEVEL
[*] }
[*]
[*] vrrp_script chk_http_port {
[*] script "
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