监控之
上一节内容介绍了Nagios监控服务在linux环境下的安装过程，本节内容将详细介绍如何使用已经安装的Nagios服务的一些配置文件的使用以及如何监控本地相关服务，如要完成对一台主机的监控Nagios作为主程序是必不可少的，但是仅仅只要nagios也是完成不了的，以下内容简单介绍下nagios的主配置文件和对本地主机的监控Nagios监控看那个角色配置：
监控端和被监控端的收据收集（C/S架构），监控端和用户（B/S架构）之间的数据呈现
Nagios主程序，插件包，nrpe等相关插件
一、配置文件检查
1.1 查看nagios主目录相关功能
# ll /usr/local/nagios/
bin #Nagios执行程序所在目录
etc #nagios配置文件坐在目录，初始安装只有几个*.cfg文件俺
libexec #监控所用命令，需要安装了nagios-plugins插件了才会有，检测命令，不装是空的
sbin #Nagios的Cgi文件所在目录，外部命令所需要的文件存放目录
share #Nagios前端页面
var #日志文件，pid文件等 1.2 检查配置文件是否存在错误
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
……………………
……………………
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0 配置文件无异常，警告0，错误0
1.3 指定配置文件以守护进程的方式启动
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 1.4 nagios.conf主要配置内容
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg| grep -E -v "^#|^$"
log_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.log #日志位置
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg #命令文件位置
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg #定义联系人
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg #定义时间段
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg #定义模板(联系人主机模板)
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/linehost.cfg #监控远程主机相关配置(监控远程主机添加的配置文件)
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg #监控本机相关配置
object_cache_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.cache #
precached_object_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/objects.precache
resource_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/resource.cfg #资源变量配置文件，包括$USER1$变量（一个路径）
status_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/status.dat
status_update_interval=10 #状态更新时间，单位s
nagios_user=nagios #指定守护进程运行用户
nagios_group=nagios #指定进程运行用户组
check_external_commands=1 #命令检查
command_check_interval=-1
command_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd
external_command_buffer_slots=4096
lock_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.lock
temp_file=/usr/local/nagios/var/nagios.tmp
temp_path=/tmp
event_broker_options=-1
log_rotation_method=d #日志滚动，默认天
log_archive_path=/usr/local/nagios/var/archives
sleep_time=0.25
service_check_timeout=60 #服务器检查超时时间
host_check_timeout=30
event_handler_timeout=30
notification_timeout=30
ocsp_timeout=5
perfdata_timeout=5# ls /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg #cgi配置文件，优先级高于nagios.cfg
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg | grep -E -v '^#|^$'
main_config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg #指定Nagios的配置文件位置
physical_html_path=/usr/local/nagios/share #指定web访问的物理路径
url_html_path=/nagios #在url后加nagios方能访问
show_context_help=0 #
use_pending_states=1
use_authentication=1 #使用认证功能
use_ssl_authentication=0
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,admin #认证用户
………… 二、Nagios监控服务的健康状态
2.1 监控本地NFS服务状态
# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
# cp localhost.cfg localhost.cfg.bak
在文件末尾添加以下内容
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name localhost
service_description NFS
check_command check_tcp!2049
notifications_enabled 0
}
配置nagios.cfg主配置文件
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg 安装和启动NFS服务器
# mkdir /nfs
# vim /etc/exports
/nfs *(rw)
# /etc/init.d/nfs restart
验证nfs
# showmount -e 192.168.31.101
Export list for 192.168.31.101:
/nfs * 检查localhost是否已经正常启用，检查nagios配置文件，如无错误，则重启nagios服务
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
# service nagios restart 验证
# service nfs stop
# service nfs restart
2.2 Nagios远程监控Mysql数据库状态
安装mysql服务器
# yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel
# service mysqld restart
# chkconfig mysqld on
创建测试数据库
mysql> create database nagiostest;
mysql> grant select on nagiostest.* to nagiostest@"localhost";
mysql> flush privileges; 测试
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mysql -H 127.0.0.1 -u nagiostest -d nagiostest
Uptime: 438Threads: 2Questions: 11Slow queries: 0Opens: 15Flush tables: 1Open tables: 8Queries per second avg: 0.25|Connections=4c;;; Open_files=16;;; Open_tables=8;;; Qcache_free_memory=0;;; Qcache_hits=0c;;; Qcache_inserts=0c;;; Qcache_lowmem_prunes=0c;;; Qcache_not_cached=0c;;; Qcache_queries_in_cache=0;;; Queries=11c;;; Questions=11c;;; Table_locks_waited=0c;;; Threads_connected=2;;; Threads_running=1;;; Uptime=438c;;;
# 命令添加（添加的command_name必须在/usr/local/nagios/libexec/该文件夹下存在）
# vim commands.cfg
define command{
command_name check_mysql
command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u nagiostest -d nagiostest
}
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg 无报错和警告则重启nagios服务
测试：关闭msyqld服务
# service mysqld stop 2.3监控远程主机mysql服务及其他服务
# vim ../nagios.cfg
新增配置监控配置文件及服务
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/remodehost.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name node2.cn
alias MySQL-Serve
address 192.168.31.102
icon_image server.gif
statusmap_image server.gd2
2d_coords 500,200
3d_coords 500,200,100
} 添加监控的服务，可参考localhost.cfg配置文件相关服务配置方式进行配置
# vim services.cfg
define service{
use local-service
host_name node2.cn
service_groups MysqlGroup
service_description MySqlSev
check_command check_mysql
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to u
se
host_name node2.cn
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
define service{
use local-service ; Name of service template to u
se
host_name node2.cn
service_description Root Partition
check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/
}
…………
define servicegroup{
servicegroup_name MysqlGroup
alias MySQLServer
members node2.cn,MySqlSev
} 检查配置文件无错误和警告信息则重启服务
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
# service nagios restart 通过浏览器查看web端监控主机情况
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