lizh 发表于 2019-1-14 10:42:29

Nagios监控系统安装文档

  http://blog.运维网.com/attachment/201311/142448520.jpg
  服务器端:
  硬件环境:
  虚拟机环境
  软件环境:
  Centos-6.2x86-64
  Lamp环境
  Nagios-3.2.0版本
  Nagios-plugins-1.4.13插件版本
  Pnp-0.4.14版本
  Rrdtool-1.2.14版本
  Nrpe-2.12版本
  客户端:
  硬件环境:
  物理机和虚拟机
  软件环境:
  Linux客户端:
  

  

  

  

  

  

  linux服务器端与linux客户端监控原理:
  更多内容: http://exchange.nagios.org/directory/image/93
http://blog.运维网.com/attachment/201311/142509480.jpg
  Centos-6.X-x86-64
  Nrpe-2.12版本
  Windows客户端:
  Windows2008R2
  Windows2003R2
  需开启Snmp服务
  

  

  服务器端安装
  一,安装前准备:
  1,解决perl编译问题:
  后面编译的软件有perl程序,这里要提前设置下环境变量。
  批量执行命令如下:
echo'export LC_ALL=C'>>/etc/profile
tail-1 /etc/profile
source/etc/profile
echo$LC_ALL
  2,关闭防火墙,安装完后启动防火墙。
/etc/init.d/iptablesstop
/etc/init.d/iptablesstart
  2.1解决系统时间同步。
echo‘*/5* * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com’ >>/var/spool/cron/root
# crontab -l
*/5* * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1
  3,安装nagios所需基础软件包
  批量执行命令如下:
yuminstall gcc glibc glibc-common -y
yuminstall gd gd-devel -y
yuminstall httpd php php-gd -y
  3.1创建nagios需要的用户及组
  批量命令:
/usr/sbin/useradd-m nagios
/usr/sbin/useraddapache
/usr/sbin/groupaddnagcmd
/usr/sbin/usermod-a -G nagcmd nagios
/usr/sbin/usermod-a -G nagcmd apache
id-n -G nagios
id-n -G apache
groupsnagios
groupsapache
  3.2 下载软件包
  mkdir -p/server/soft
  http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz
  

  二,安装nagios
tarzxf nagios-3.2.0.tar.gz
cdnagios-3.2.0
./configure--with-command-group=nagcmd
make all
make install
make install-init
make install-commandmode
make install-config
make install-webconf
提示:如果是编译安装的httpd是,可以执行./configure--with-command-group=nagcmd --with-httpd-conf=/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra 增加一个编译参数即指定编译nagios web配置的生产路径。然后编辑vi/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf增加 Includeconf/extra/nagios.conf
  

  1,创建nagios web监控界面登入时需要的用户名及密码
  htpasswd-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users admin
  输入密码即可
  cat/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
  提示:如果为单独编译的apache,则操作命令如下
  /usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users admin
  2,添加接收监控报警的email地址
  vi/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg +35
  email    nagios@localhost
  改为:
  email    baochengcai@autohome.com.cn
  快速命令:
sed-I 's#nagios@localhost#baochengcai@autohome.com.cn#'/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
  3,启动邮件服务。
/etc/init.d/sendmailstart
chkconfigsendmail on
chkconfig--list sendmail
如果sendmail启动比较缓慢,可以修改/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1nagios localhost.localdomain localhost #增加主机名hostname
  4,配置apache服务
  启动apache并加入系统开机自启动:
/etc/init.d/httpdstart
chkconfighttpd on
  5,安装nagios插件软件包
tarzxf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
cdnagios-plugins-1.4.13
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios--with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules
make
makeinstall
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/|wc -l
#编译如遇到make:*** Error 2 则configure 加--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql解决
  chkconfig nagios on
  chkconfig--list nagios
  6,验证nagios配置文件(检查语法)
  简单方法:/etc/init.d/nagioscheckconfig
# /etc/init.d/nagios checkconfig
Runningconfiguration check... OK.


/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
TotalWarnings: 0
TotalErrors:0


Thingslook okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check
#Total Warnings:警告和Total Errors:错误都为0,表示配置正常。
#Total Errors:如果不为0必须解决,否则nagios无法启动。
#Total Warnings:这个如果不为0可以启动nagios。
  启动nagios服务
/etc/init.d/nagios start
  检查nagios进程:
ps -ef|grep nagios |grep -v grep
  检查selinux是否关闭
setenforce0
sed-i ' s#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled# ' /etc/selinux/config
getenforce
  7,安装nrpe软件:
tar zxf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.12
./configure
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
makeinstall-daemon-config
nagios服务器端安装结束,后续需要调整参数。
  

  **Nagios添加多账户管理
  检查当前系统账号:
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
admin:HMcYqU.5Bh4bk
xiaomin:$apr1$GFzBDndr$Rd6Qvbc58PCUTPXNjhs8E1
chenkaixiong:$apr1$M6RLaWz8$8Ghi27zHStHaSZ9W1DVgs/
  添加系统登录账号:
# htpasswd -m/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users chengcai
Newpassword:
Re-typenew password:
Addingpassword for user chengcai
# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
admin:HMcYqU.5Bh4bk
xiaomin:$apr1$GFzBDndr$Rd6Qvbc58PCUTPXNjhs8E1
chenkaixiong:$apr1$M6RLaWz8$8Ghi27zHStHaSZ9W1DVgs/
chengcai:$apr1$lXiSe1w4$HxIw6xSwjon5NshKfbbSx0
  配置账号权限:
# egrep -v "^#|^$" cgi.cfg
main_config_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
physical_html_path=/usr/local/nagios/share
url_html_path=/nagios
show_context_help=0
use_pending_states=1
use_authentication=1
use_ssl_authentication=0
authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,admin
authorized_for_read_only=xiaomin,chenkaixiong,chengcai
#注:只给chengcai账号只读权限,如果想给该账号更多权限,可根据配置添加。
default_statusmap_layout=5
default_statuswrl_layout=4
ping_syntax=/bin/ping-n -U -c 5 $HOSTADDRESS$
refresh_rate=90
escape_html_tags=1
action_url_target=_blank
notes_url_target=_blank
lock_author_names=1
  

  客户端安装:-linux:
  1,解决perl编译问题:
  后面编译的软件有perl程序,这里要提前设置下环境变量。
  批量执行命令如下:


  

yum-y install perl-devel perl
echo'export LC_ALL=C'>>/etc/profile
tail-1 /etc/profile
source/etc/profile
echo$LC_ALL
  2,关闭防火墙,安装完后启动防火墙。
/etc/init.d/iptables stop
/etc/init.d/iptablesstart
  2.1解决系统时间同步。
echo‘*/5* * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com’ >>/var/spool/cron/root
# crontab -l
*/5* * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time.windows.com >/dev/null 2>&1
  3,在nagios客户端安装插件
mkdir-p /server/soft
cd/server/soft
rz-y (oldboy_tracining_nagios_soft.zip)#老男孩提供的软件包。
unzipoldboy_tracining_nagios_soft.zip
  3.1安装nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
/usr/sbin/useraddnagios -M -s /sbin/nologin
tarzxf nagios-plugins-1.4.13.tar.gz
cdnagios-plugins-1.4.13
./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios--with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-perl-modules
make
makeinstall
ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec/|wc -l
#编译如遇到make:*** Error 2 则configure 加--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql解决
  3.2,安装nrpe软件:
tarzxf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz
cd nrpe-2.12
./configure
make all
make install-plugin
make install-daemon
makeinstall-daemon-config
  3.3安装其他相关的插件【iostat】
#-----------
tarzxf Params-Validate-0.91.tar.gz
cdParams-Validate-0.91
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#-----------
tarzxf Class-Accessor-0.31.tar.gz
cdClass-Accessor-0.31
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#------------
tarzxf Config-Tiny-2.12.tar.gz
cdConfig-Tiny-2.12
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#-------------
tarzxf Math-Calc-Units-1.07.tar.gz
cdMath-Calc-Units-1.07
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#-----------
tarzxf Regexp-Common-2010010201.tar.gz
cdRegexp-Common-2010010201
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#---------------
tarzxf Nagios-Plugin-0.34.tar.gz
cdNagios-Plugin-0.34
perlMakefile.PL
make
makeinstall
cd..
#-------------
yuminstall sysstat -y
  #这个命令式安装系统性能分析工具,监控系统性能时程序或脚步会调用这些工具。
  3.4配置开发的几个基本脚本插件
cp /server/soft/nagios/check_memory.pl /usr/local/nagios/libexec/
cp /server/soft/nagios/check_iostat /usr/local/nagios/libexec
chmod 755/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.pl
chmod 755/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_iostat
dos2unix/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.pl
dos2unix/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_iostat
  3.5配置nrpe
cd/usr/local/nagios/etc
vinrpe.cfg +79
  加入可以监控本机的nagios server端IP,如下:
  allowed_hosts=10.168.0.217
  #注:如果机器大于500台做集群或分布式监控时,可以使用多个nagiosserver-,ip要用逗号隔开。
  #可用一条命令执行。↓
  # perl -pi -e's/allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1/allowed_hosts=10.168.0.245/g'/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
  grep allowed_host/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
  更改nrpe配置文件信息。
  cd /usr/local/nagios/etc
  vi nrpe.cfg (shift+g切换到结尾)#注释掉或者干脆删除199-203行,同时在下面新添加要监控的内容。
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_memory.pl-w 10% -c 3%
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 15% -c 7% -p /
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap-w 20% -c 10%
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_iostat-w 6 -c 10
  #-c为严重报警
  启动:nagios client
/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d


echo"/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d">>/etc/rc.local
ps-ef|grep nagios
netstat-lnt|grep 5666
lsof-I :5666
  #重启client端nagios nrpe服务的组合命令
  pkill nrpe &&/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
  

  客户端安装:-windows:
  windows:
  添加服务:
http://blog.运维网.com/attachment/201311/142604212.jpg
  添加完snmp服务后对服务进行设置.
  打开本地服务:
http://blog.运维网.com/attachment/201311/142655616.jpg
  右键属性,添加团体名和监控主机IP地址.
  启动服务即可。
  




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