ceph详细安装部署教程（单监控节点）
一、前期准备安装ceph-deploy工具所有的服务器都是用root用户登录的
1、安装环境
系统centos-6.5
设备：1台admin-node (ceph-ploy)1台 monistor 2台 osd
2、关闭所有节点的防火墙及关闭selinux，重启机器。
service iptables stop
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
chkconfig iptables off
3、编辑admin-node节点的ceph yum仓库
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/ceph.repo
name=Ceph noarch packages
baseurl=http://ceph.com/rpm/el6/noarch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
type=rpm-md
gpgkey=https://ceph.com/git/?p=ceph.git;a=blob_plain;f=keys/release.asc
4、安装搜狐的epel仓库
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.sohu.com/fedora-epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
5、更新admin-node节点的yum源
yum clean all
yum update -y
6、在admin-node节点上建立一个ceph集群目录
mkdir /ceph
cd/ceph
7、在admin-node节点上安装ceph部署工具
yum install ceph-deploy -y
8、配置admin-node节点的hosts文件
vi /etc/hosts
10.240.240.210 admin-node
10.240.240.211 node1
10.240.240.212 node2
10.240.240.213 node3
二、配置ceph-deploy部署的无密码登录每个ceph节点
1、在每个Ceph节点上安装一个SSH服务器
$ yum install openssh-server -y
2、配置您的admin-node管理节点与每个Ceph节点无密码的SSH访问。
# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
3、复制admin-node节点的秘钥到每个ceph节点
ssh-copy-id root@admin-node
ssh-copy-id root@node1
ssh-copy-id root@node2
ssh-copy-id root@node3
4、测试每台ceph节点不用密码是否可以登录
ssh root@node1
ssh root@node2
ssh root@node3
5、修改admin-node管理节点的~/.ssh / config文件，这样它登录到Ceph节点创建的用户
Host admin-node
Hostname admin-node
User root
Host node1
Hostname node1
User root
Host node2
Hostname node2
User root
Host node3
Hostname node3
User root
三、用ceph-deploy工具部署ceph集群
1、在admin-node节点上新建一个ceph集群
# ceph-deploy new node1
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy new node1
Creating new cluster named ceph
Resolving host node1
Monitor node1 at 10.240.240.211
making sure passwordless SSH succeeds
connected to host: admin-node
Running command: ssh -CT -o BatchMode=yes node1
Monitor initial members are ['node1']
Monitor addrs are ['10.240.240.211']
Creating a random mon key...
Writing initial config to ceph.conf...
Writing monitor keyring to ceph.mon.keyring...
查看生成的文件
# ls
ceph.confceph.logceph.mon.keyring
2、部署之前确保ceph每个节点没有ceph数据包（先清空之前所有的ceph数据，如果是新装不用执行此步骤，如果是重新部署的话也执行下面的命令）
# ceph-deploy purgedata admin-node node1 node2 node3
# ceph-deploy forgetkeys
# ceph-deploy purge admin-node node1 node2 node3
如果是新装的话是没有任何数据的
3、编辑admin-node节点的ceph配置文件，把下面的配置放入ceph.conf中
osd pool default size = 2
4、在admin-node节点用ceph-deploy工具向各个节点安装ceph
# ceph-deploy install admin-node node1 node2 node3
若果装到某个节点时提示 ImportError: No module named argparse这个报错，手动在报错的节点上执行下面的命令后再重新安装报错节点。
# yum install *argparse* -y
5、添加初始监控节点并收集密钥(新的ceph-deploy v1.1.3以后的版本)。
# ceph-deploy mon create-initial
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy mon create-initial
Deploying mon, cluster ceph hosts node1
detecting platform for host node1 ...
connected to host: node1
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
determining if provided host has same hostname in remote
get remote short hostname
deploying mon to node1
get remote short hostname
remote hostname: node1
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
create the mon path if it does not exist
checking for done path: /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node1/done
done path does not exist: /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node1/done
creating keyring file: /var/lib/ceph/tmp/ceph-node1.mon.keyring
create the monitor keyring file
Running command: ceph-mon --cluster ceph --mkfs -i node1 --keyring /var/lib/ceph/tmp/ceph-node1.mon.keyring
ceph-mon: mon.noname-a 10.240.240.211:6789/0 is local, renaming to mon.node1
ceph-mon: set fsid to 369daf5a-e844-4e09-a9b1-46bb985aec79
ceph-mon: created monfs at /var/lib/ceph/mon/ceph-node1 for mon.node1
unlinking keyring file /var/lib/ceph/tmp/ceph-node1.mon.keyring
create a done file to avoid re-doing the mon deployment
create the init path if it does not exist
locating the `service` executable...
Running command: /sbin/service ceph -c /etc/ceph/ceph.conf start mon.node1
/etc/init.d/ceph: line 15: /lib/lsb/init-functions: No such file or directory
RuntimeError: command returned non-zero exit status: 1
Failed to execute command: /sbin/service ceph -c /etc/ceph/ceph.conf start mon.node1
GenericError: Failed to create 1 monitors
解决上面报错信息的方法：
手动在mon(node1)节点上执行下面的命令
# yum install redhat-lsb-y
查看ceph集群目录多了下面几个文件
ceph.bootstrap-mds.keyring
ceph.bootstrap-osd.keyring
ceph.client.admin.keyring
6、添加osd节点
先添加node2节点，进入node2节点查看未分配的分区
# ssh node2
# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d6653
Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem
/dev/sda1 * 1 39 307200 83Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 39 6401 51104768 83Linux
/dev/sda3 6401 6528 1015808 82Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x843e46d0
Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem
/dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 5Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 2610 20964762 83Linux
# df -h
Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 48G2.5G 44G 6% /
tmpfs 242M 68K242M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 291M 33M243M12% /boot
查看可以看出第二块硬盘为使用，使用第二块硬盘的sdb5分区作为osd硬盘
在admin-node节点上添加osd设备
#ceph-deploy osd prepare node2:/dev/sdb5
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy osd prepare node2:/var/local/osd0 node3:/var/local/osd1
Preparing cluster ceph disks node2:/var/local/osd0: node3:/var/local/osd1:
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.5 Final
Deploying osd to node2
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
osd keyring does not exist yet, creating one
create a keyring file
IOError: No such file or directory: '/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring'
connected to host: node3
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.5 Final
Deploying osd to node3
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
osd keyring does not exist yet, creating one
create a keyring file
IOError: No such file or directory: '/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring'
GenericError: Failed to create 2 OSDs
解决上面报错信息的方法如下：
上面错误信息的意思是：在创建osd节点的时候在osd节点上缺少/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring文件，查看Node1的监控节点发现有这个文件，把Node1节点上的文件拷贝到node2节点上去即可。
在node2节点上建立一个目录：mkdir /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/。
登录node1：
# ssh node1
#scp /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/ceph.keyring root@node2:/var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-osd/
再次执行osd初始化命令
# ceph-deploy osd prepare node2:/dev/sdb5
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy osd prepare node2:/dev/sdb5
Preparing cluster ceph disks node2:/dev/sdb5:
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
Deploying osd to node2
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
Running command: udevadm trigger --subsystem-match=block --action=add
Preparing host node2 disk /dev/sdb5 journal None activate False
Running command: ceph-disk-prepare --fs-type xfs --cluster ceph -- /dev/sdb5
mkfs.xfs: No such file or directory
ceph-disk: Error: Command '['/sbin/mkfs', '-t', 'xfs', '-f', '-i', 'size=2048', '--', '/dev/sdb5']' returned non-zero exit status 1
RuntimeError: command returned non-zero exit status: 1
Failed to execute command: ceph-disk-prepare --fs-type xfs --cluster ceph -- /dev/sdb5
GenericError: Failed to create 1 OSDs
上面的报错信息说明在node2上没有mkfs.xfs文件，需要在node2上安装mkfs.xfs文件。
# ssh node2
# yum install xfs* -y
再次执行osd初始化命令可以成功初始化新加入的osd节点
在admin节点上激活osd设备
# ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
Activating cluster ceph disks node2:/dev/sdb5:
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
activating host node2 disk /dev/sdb5
will use init type: sysvinit
Running command: ceph-disk-activate --mark-init sysvinit --mount /dev/sdb5
got monmap epoch 1
2014-06-06 07:34:59.766494 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 journal FileJournal::_open: disabling aio for non-block journal.Use journal_force_aio to force use of aio anyway
2014-06-06 07:34:59.931782 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 journal FileJournal::_open: disabling aio for non-block journal.Use journal_force_aio to force use of aio anyway
2014-06-06 07:34:59.949677 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 filestore(/var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF) could not find 23c2fcde/osd_superblock/0//-1 in index: (2) No such file or directory
2014-06-06 07:35:00.004350 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 created object store /var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF journal /var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF/journal for osd.0 fsid 591ef1f4-69f7-442f-ba7b-49cdf6695656
2014-06-06 07:35:00.004630 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 auth: error reading file: /var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF/keyring: can't open /var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF/keyring: (2) No such file or directory
2014-06-06 07:35:00.004951 7f4e0c2717a0 -1 created new key in keyring /var/lib/ceph/tmp/mnt.5jdyKF/keyring
added key for osd.0
ERROR:ceph-disk:Failed to activate
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 2579, in
main()
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 2557, in main
args.func(args)
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 1910, in main_activate
init=args.mark_init,
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 1724, in mount_activate
mount_options=mount_options,
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 1544, in move_mount
maybe_mkdir(osd_data)
File "/usr/sbin/ceph-disk", line 220, in maybe_mkdir
os.mkdir(*a, **kw)
OSError: No such file or directory: '/var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0'
RuntimeError: command returned non-zero exit status: 1
RuntimeError: Failed to execute command: ceph-disk-activate --mark-init sysvinit --mount /dev/sdb5
上面报错信息的意思是：在node2节点上没有/var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0这个目录，需要在node2节点上创建这个目录。
# ssh node2
# mkdir /var/lib/ceph/osd/
# mkdir /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0
再次执行激活osd命令
# ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
Activating cluster ceph disks node2:/dev/sdb5:
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
activating host node2 disk /dev/sdb5
will use init type: sysvinit
Running command: ceph-disk-activate --mark-init sysvinit --mount /dev/sdb5
/etc/init.d/ceph: line 15: /lib/lsb/init-functions: No such file or directory
ceph-disk: Error: ceph osd start failed: Command '['/sbin/service', 'ceph', 'start', 'osd.0']' returned non-zero exit status 1
RuntimeError: command returned non-zero exit status: 1
RuntimeError: Failed to execute command: ceph-disk-activate --mark-init sysvinit --mount /dev/sdb5
上面报错信息的解决方法：
# ssh node2
# yum install redhat-lsb-y
再次执行激活osd命令osd节点可以正常运行
# ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy osd activate node2:/dev/sdb5
Activating cluster ceph disks node2:/dev/sdb5:
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
activating host node2 disk /dev/sdb5
will use init type: sysvinit
Running command: ceph-disk-activate --mark-init sysvinit --mount /dev/sdb5
=== osd.0 ===
Starting Ceph osd.0 on node2...
starting osd.0 at :/0 osd_data /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0 /var/lib/ceph/osd/ceph-0/journal
INFO:ceph-disk:ceph osd.0 already mounted in position; unmounting ours.
create-or-move updating item name 'osd.0' weight 0.02 at location {host=node2,root=default} to crush map
checking OSD status...
Running command: ceph --cluster=ceph osd stat --format=json
Unhandled exception in thread started by
Error in sys.excepthook:
Original exception was:
#
7、复制ceph配置文件及密钥到mon、osd节点
# ceph-deploy admin admin-node node1 node2 node3
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy admin admin-node node1 node2 node3
Pushing admin keys and conf to admin-node
connected to host: admin-node
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
get remote short hostname
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
Pushing admin keys and conf to node1
connected to host: node1
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
get remote short hostname
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
Pushing admin keys and conf to node2
connected to host: node2
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
get remote short hostname
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
Pushing admin keys and conf to node3
connected to host: node3
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
get remote short hostname
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
Unhandled exception in thread started by
Error in sys.excepthook:
Original exception was:
8、确保你有正确的ceph.client.admin.keyring权限
# chmod +r /etc/ceph/ceph.client.admin.keyring
9、查看集群运行状态
# ceph health
HEALTH_OK
11、添加一个元数据服务器
# ceph-deploy mds create node1
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy mds create node1
Deploying mds, cluster ceph hosts node1:node1
connected to host: node1
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
remote host will use sysvinit
deploying mds bootstrap to node1
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
create path if it doesn't exist
OSError: No such file or directory: '/var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-node1'
GenericError: Failed to create 1 MDSs
解决上面报错的方法：
# ssh node1
Last login: Fri Jun6 06:41:25 2014 from 10.241.10.2
# mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mds/
# mkdir /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-node1
再次执行元数据服务器创建完成
# ceph-deploy mds create node1
found configuration file at: /root/.cephdeploy.conf
Invoked (1.5.3): /usr/bin/ceph-deploy mds create node1
Deploying mds, cluster ceph hosts node1:node1
connected to host: node1
detect platform information from remote host
detect machine type
Distro info: CentOS 6.4 Final
remote host will use sysvinit
deploying mds bootstrap to node1
write cluster configuration to /etc/ceph/{cluster}.conf
create path if it doesn't exist
Running command: ceph --cluster ceph --name client.bootstrap-mds --keyring /var/lib/ceph/bootstrap-mds/ceph.keyring auth get-or-create mds.node1 osd allow rwx mds allow mon allow profile mds -o /var/lib/ceph/mds/ceph-node1/keyring
Running command: service ceph start mds.node1
=== mds.node1 ===
Starting Ceph mds.node1 on node1...
starting mds.node1 at :/0
再次查看运行状态
# ceph -w
cluster 591ef1f4-69f7-442f-ba7b-49cdf6695656
health HEALTH_OK
monmap e1: 1 mons at {node1=10.240.240.211:6789/0}, election epoch 2, quorum 0 node1
mdsmap e4: 1/1/1 up {0=node1=up:active}
osdmap e9: 2 osds: 2 up, 2 in
pgmap v22: 192 pgs, 3 pools, 1884 bytes data, 20 objects
10310 MB used, 30616 MB / 40926 MB avail
192 active+clean
2014-06-06 08:12:49.021472 mon.0 pgmap v22: 192 pgs: 192 active+clean; 1884 bytes data, 10310 MB used, 30616 MB / 40926 MB avail; 10 B/s wr, 0 op/s
2014-06-06 08:14:47.932311 mon.0 pgmap v23: 192 pgs: 192 active+clean; 1884 bytes data, 10310 MB used, 30615 MB / 40926 MB avail
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