Centos7.5 安装oracle11g
一、安装环境主机名：slave.com
OS： centos7.5
软件版本：Oracle 11.2.0.4
CPU: 1个
内存： 8G
swap：16G
/u01 : 20G
/data: 50G
/backup:50G
安装方式：CentOS 7为Gnome
二、安装rpm包
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.164-2.el6 (x86_64)
pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1 (x86_64)
三、数据库安装
[*] 编辑文件/etc/hosts添加主机名及IP地址
# vim /etc/hosts
193.192.168.4.185 slave.com
2.创建用户和组
# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
# groupadd -g 501 dba
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba -u 500 oracle
# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[*] 创建目录
# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
# mkdir -p /data/oradata
# mkdir -p /backup/{expdbbackup,rmanbackup,onlinelog,archivelog,backupsh}
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /data
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /backup
[*]扩大tmpfs
oracle 11g引入了memory_target参数，memory_target 和 /dev/shm（即tmpfs）有紧密联系，tmpfs的大小制约了memory_target的使用范围
1)查看tmpfs大小(tmpfs默认的大小是物理内存的一半)
# df -h
Filesystem SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G1.2G 49G 3% /
devtmpfs 5.8G 05.8G 0% /dev
tmpfs 18G 0 18G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.8G8.7M5.8G 1% /run
tmpfs 5.8G 05.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M143M872M15% /boot
tmpfs 1.2G 01.2G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-u01 20G 45M 19G 1% /u01
/dev/mapper/centos-data 50G 53M 47G 1% /data
/dev/mapper/centos-backup 50G 53M 47G 1% /backup
2)编辑/etc/fstab
# vim /etc/fstab
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=18432M0 0
3)重新挂载
# mount -o remount /dev/shm
5.修改内核参数
1) 编辑/etc/sysctl.conf添加以下内容
# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
#oracle
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 8388608
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_max=1048576
#end
2)执行sysctl -p命令使文件生效
# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 8388608
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[*]修改系统资源限制
1)编辑/etc/security/limits.conf添加以下内容
# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#oracle
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
#end
2)编辑文件/etc/pam.d/login添加以下内容
# vim /etc/pam.d/login
#Oracle
session required pam_limits.so
#end
3)编辑/etc/profile文件添加以下内容
# vim /etc/profile
#oracle
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
#end
[*]设置环境变量
1)在oracle用户下编辑文件.bash_profile添加以下内容
# su - oracle
$ vim .bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=oa
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH
2)执行source .bash_profile命令使环境变量生效
$ source .bash_profile
[*]关闭Linux安全增强
1)编辑/etc/selinux/config修改SELINUX=disabled
2）执行setenforce 0不重启操作系统临时关闭selinux模式
$ setenforce 0
9.安装oracle
1)上传安装文件
# cd /home/oracle/
# ls
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
2)解压
# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
# unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
# ls
databasep13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zipp13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
3)使用Xshell远程登录执行runInstaller开始安装
# export DISPLAY=192.168.4.56:0.0
# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Jan 18 19:24:18 CST 2019 on pts/1
$ export DISPLAY=192.168.4.56:0.0
4）测试结果
# xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
Last login: Fri Jan 18 19:30:13 CST 2019 on pts/0
$ cd database/
$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 44343 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 16383 MB Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2019-01-18_07-43-51PM. Please wait ...[oracle@slave da
tabase]$
4)启动安装界面
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/9907f720db086954ac1ebba972a9d27d.png
5) 取消 I wish to receive security updates via my Oracle Support.勾选，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/6a947928f5eac0fb121552fef1fe5363.png
6) 此报错可以忽略，点击Yes,并点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/706edee45eb36746768cc9cc2ccfdd82.png
7)选择Skip software updates，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/06aecd01b0bf7a443dfd7dec12b64d17.png
8)选择Create and configure a database，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/c3224566de053ed5c2751853a1020591.png
9)选择Server Class，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/0a66d0db6fbe7df4645c32b3b75b30af.png
10) 选择Single instance database installation，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/28012f7f1cd3910be2123ed364a0550a.png
11) 选择Advanced install，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/ed638753e401b067f2c43cb605405c6d.png
12) 选择语言English，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/12e7fcc7e80c12e4981961877a1a9046.png
13) 选择Enterprise Edition，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/6decf7ccaae26cf4575c0149b4046514.png
14) 选择Oracle Base、Software Location路径，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/a1ce4f7807dd6c9a30c9739fa9863167.png
15) 选择Inventory Directory，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/66e40dc1e6f9231f71275f2570736b8e.png
16) 选择General Purpose/Transaction Processing，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/4c32c1416ec4aced90fbd20f1562f6a3.png
17) 设置Global database name、Oracle Service Identifier，Global database name和Oracle Service Identifier保持一致，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/c14b02e67256c5450fc18509df30383d.png
18) 设置Memory,选择Enable Automatic Memory Management
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/38a82961600362058a99e419355784aa.png
19) 设置Character sets,选择Use Unicode(AL32UTF8)
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/3551504e31e61080f344e566abae82d0.png
20) 设置Security,保持默认选项
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/62be791956068b75bd6d43fc4b1475f3.png
21) 设置Sample Schemas,保持默认选项，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/e86519e9f559280f2184e5db9a67d3d0.png
22) 保持默认选项，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/2a689e6def684a5a3c7ca25bf6e35739.png
23) 保持默认选项，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/d45e60c2a5bad1d395b34340e974c860.png
24) 保持默认选项，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/3ae7355916bf3daf4a1682dcc0a87a26.png
25) 选择Use the same password for all accounts,设置密码（密码需参考密码管理规范），点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/ee884e5387e8101544bf598b25ee4ced.png
26) Database Operator(OSOPER) Group(Optional)选择oinstall，点击下一步
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/09bcf093803577ab472e7d095550b970.png
27) 安装程序进行配置检查
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/a4ba3472bf353e7a5d33d183b7297bd5.png
28) 配置检查通过，点击Install
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/51a907aa5b517ee5f765710658c941d1.png
39) 开始安装
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/084b87642b573628a0c8a648e98b99f3.png
30) 报错
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/b1629f5140b96efc73ccb4f68f409f0f.png
解决办法：
$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk
Search for the line
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)
Change it to:
$(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11
31) 创建数据库
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/766dce955daa1308a42c6a0ff19c8214.png
32) 创建数据库完成，点击Password Management修改sys,system用户密码，并确定OK。
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/9d73a1f866324d57cc368d5d5ce38c8d.png
33）提示使用root用户执行两个shell脚本
https://s1.运维网.com/images/blog/201901/18/f240555e175ddc06bdae32f14fb2d099.png
34) 执行shell脚本
# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: :
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific roo
35) 单击OK，安装完成。
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