centos 6.4x64安装部署nagios
一、nagios概述Nagios是插件式的结构，它本身没有任何监控功能，所有的监控都是通过插件进行的，因此其是高度模块化和富于弹性的。Nagios监控的对象可分为两类：主机和服务。主机通常指的是物理主机，如服务器、路由器、工作站和打印机等，这里的主机也可以是虚拟设备，如xen虚拟出的Linux系统；而服务通常指某个特定的功能，如提供http服务的httpd进程等。而为了管理上的方便，主机和服务还可以分别被规划为主机组和服务组等。
Nagios不监控任何具体数值指标(如操作系统上的进程个数)，它仅用四种抽象属性对被监控对象的状态进行描述：OK、WARNING, CRITICAL和UNKNOWN。于是，管理员只需要对某种被监控对象的WARNING和CRITICAL状态的阈值进行关注和定义即可。Nagios通过将WARTING和CRTICAL的阈值传递给插件，并由插件负责某具体对象的监控及结果分析，其输出信息为状态信息(OK,WARNING,CRITICAL或UNKOWN)以及一些附加的详细说明信息。
二、环境
系统：centos 6.4x64最小化安装
nagios-server: 192.168.3.71
nagios-client: 192.168.3.72
三、安装nagios
Nagios通常由一个主程序(Nagios)、一个插件程序(Nagios-plugins)和四个可选的ADDON(NRPE、NSCA、NSClient++和NDOUtils)组成。Nagios的监控工作都是通过插件实现的，因此，Nagios和Nagios-plugins是服务器端工作所必须的组件。而四个ADDON中，NRPE用来在监控的远程Linux/Unix主机上执行脚本插件以实现对这些主机资源的监控；NSCA用来让被监控的远程Linux/Unix主机主动将监控信息发送给Nagios服务器(这在冗余监控模式中特别要用到)；NSClient++是用来监控Windows主机时安装在Windows主机上的组件；而NDOUtils则用来将Nagios的配置信息和各event产生的数据存入数据库，以实现这些数据的快速检索和处理。这四个ADDON(附件)中，NRPE和NSClient++工作于客户端，NDOUtils工作于服务器端，而NSCA则需要同时安装在服务器端和客户端。
目前，Nagios只能安装在Linux系统主机上，其编译需要用到gcc。同时，如果打算使用web界面的管理工具的话，还需要有apache服务器和GD图形库的支持
安装nagios依赖关系
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# yum -y install httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel php php-mysql mysql mysql-devel mysql-server ntp
同步时间
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# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
25 May 10:45:35 ntpdate: step time server 118.67.201.10 offset 140.952903 sec
# hwclock -w
# crontab -l
MAILTO=""
*/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
添加nagios运行需要的用户和组
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# groupaddnagcmd
# useradd -G nagcmd nagios
把apache添加到
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# usermod -a -G nagcmd apache
下载nagios，并安装
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# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nagios-3.x/nagios-3.3.1/nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz/download
# tar xf nagios-3.3.1.tar.gz
# cd nagios
# ./configure --with-command-group=nagcmd --enable-event-broker
# make all #安装所有主程序
# make install #安装主程序，CHI和HTML文件
# make install-init #安装启动脚本
# make install-commandmode #配置目录权限
# make install-config #安装示例文件
# make install-webconf #安装nagios的web站点配置文件
为nagios配置告警信息的邮件地址
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#编辑文件前，先备份
# cp /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg.$(date +%F).bak
#邮箱地址修改成自己要设置的地址
# sed -i 's#nagios@localhost#lyao@weyee.com#' /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
# grep lyao@weyee.com/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
email lyao@weyee.com ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******
创建一个登陆验证的用户和密码
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#这里设置密码weyee2014
# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
关闭iptables和启动httpd
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# service iptables stop
# service httpd start
安装nagios-plugins
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#下载nagios-plugins
# wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
# make && make install
配置nagios启动级别
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#将nagios添加到开机自启动
# chkconfig --add nagios
# chkconfig nagios on
#检查配置文件
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
# service nagios start
Starting nagios: done.
# ps aux |grep nagios
nagios 458400.00.1280481396 ? Ssl11:25 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
root 458520.00.0 103248 832 pts/0 S+ 11:25 0:00 grep nagios
访问http://192.168.3.71/nagios，用户名和密码是上文中设置的nagiosadmin:weyee2014
四、安装NRPE
NRPE需要nagios-pluin的支持
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# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz/download
# tar xf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz
# cd nrpe-2.15
# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
配置NRPE
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#编辑NRPE的配置文件
# egrep -v "^$|^#" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666
server_address=192.168.3.71 #修改这里
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.3.0/24 #修改这里
dont_blame_nrpe=0
allow_bash_command_substitution=0
debug=0
command_timeout=60
connection_timeout=300
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z
command=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
启动NRPE
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# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
# netstat -anpt |grep 5666
tcp 0 0 192.168.3.71:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 48946/nrpe
编写NRPCE的启动脚本，将脚本放到/etc/init.d路径下
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# cat /etc/init.d/nrped
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 88 12
# description: NRPE DAEMON
NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d
echo " done."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill -u nagios nrpe
echo " done."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 2
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0
#赋予脚本权限，并测试
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped
# chkconfig --add nrped
# chkconfig nrped on
# service nrped stop
Stopping NRPE daemon... done.
# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
# pidof nrpe
#重新启动nrpe
# service nrped start
Starting NRPE daemon... done.
# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
tcp 0 0 192.168.3.71:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 49019/nrpe
# pidof nrpe
49019
# ps aux |grep nrpe |grep -v grep
nagios 490190.00.1392401312 ? Ss 11:53 0:00 /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
五、在客户端安装NRPE
在nagios-client上安装NRPE,需要先安装nagios-plugin
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# yum install ntpdate gcc*openssl openssl-devel -y
# ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
25 May 13:52:18 ntpdate: step time server 212.26.18.41 offset 2955.354923 sec
# hwclock -w
# crontab -l
MIALTO=""
*/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate asia.pool.ntp.org
# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios
#wget http://nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz
# cd nagios-plugins-2.0.3
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios
# make all
# make install
安装NRPE
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# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz/download
# ./configure --with-nrpe-user=nagios --with-nrpe-group=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --enable-command-args --enable-ssl
# make all
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
#修改配置文件
# egrep -v "^#|^$" /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
log_facility=daemon
pid_file=/var/run/nrpe.pid
server_port=5666
server_address=192.168.3.72 #监控本机哪个IP
nrpe_user=nagios
nrpe_group=nagios
allowed_hosts=192.168.3.71 #允许哪个IP对本机进行监控
#编写nrpe启动脚本
# cat /etc/init.d/nrped
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: 2345 88 12
# description: NRPE DAEMON
NRPE=/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
NRPECONF=/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting NRPE daemon..."
$NRPE -c $NRPECONF -d
echo " done."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping NRPE daemon..."
pkill -u nagios nrpe
echo " done."
;;
restart)
$0 stop
sleep 2
$0 start
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 start|stop|restart"
;;
esac
exit 0
# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nrped
# chkconfig --add nrped
# chkconfig nrped on
# service nrped start
Starting NRPE daemon... done.
# netstat -anpt |grep nrpe
tcp 0 0 192.168.3.72:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 46882/nrpe
到此nagios和客户端的安装已完成
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