Ubuntu12.10 下搭建基于KVM-QEMU的虚拟机环境（六）
正如本系列第一篇文章架构图所示Ubuntu12.10 下搭建基于KVM-QEMU的虚拟机环境（一），除了在内核空间的KVM模块之外，在用户空间需要QEMU来模拟所需要CPU和设备模型以及用于启动客户机进程，这样才有了一个完整的KVM运行环境。而qemu-kvm是为了针对KVM专门做了修改和优化的QEMU分支，具体关于KVM，QEMU-KVM的介绍还是请参阅相关的官方网站:http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page和http://wiki.qemu.org/KVM。KVM内核模块我们打算就用系统自带的kvm.ko，我们主要编译可能需要维护的用户空间部分——启用kvm的qemu。同样，我们首先从https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/qemu/1.4.0+dfsg-1expubuntu4 获得源码包：qemu_1.4.0+dfsg.orig.tar.xz，qemu_1.4.0+dfsg-1expubuntu4.debian.tar.gz，qemu_1.4.0+dfsg-1expubuntu4.dsc下载以后将上述三个文件上传至编译目录: ~/workroom/qemu-kvm/。解开源码dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm $ sudo dpkg-source –xqemu_1.4.0+dfsg-1expubuntu4.dsc
Qemu的编译我们需要修改一下缺省的配置参数，打开下面目录下的rules文件，修改部分用红色表示出来，主要目的是加上支持spice，usbredir等功能以及去掉对其他平台的编译（只保留X86_64）：
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm/qemu-1.4.0+dfsg/debian $ sudo virules#!/usr/bin/make -f## $Id: rules 391 2009-03-07 05:21:19Z aurel32 $# # support parallel build using DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=parallel=Nifneq (,$(filter parallel=%,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS)))MAKEFLAGS += -j$(patsubstparallel=%,%,$(filter parallel=%,$(DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS)))endif # Packaging versionDEB_VERSION := $(shell dpkg-parsechangelog | egrep '^Version:' |cut -f 2 -d ' ') # Compiler flagsCFLAGS = $(shell dpkg-buildflags --get CFLAGS) $(shelldpkg-buildflags --get CPPFLAGS)LDFLAGS = $(shell dpkg-buildflags --get LDFLAGS) -Wl,--as-needed # Architecture/system specific configurationDEB_HOST_ARCH = $(shell dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_ARCH)DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS = $(shell dpkg-architecture -qDEB_HOST_ARCH_OS) # we add another set of configure options from debian/controlcommon_configure_opts = \ --with-pkgversion="Debian$(DEB_VERSION)" \ --extra-cflags="$(CFLAGS)"\ --extra-ldflags="$(LDFLAGS)"\ --prefix=/usr \ --sysconfdir=/etc \ --libexecdir=/usr/lib\ --disable-blobs \ --disable-strip \ --with-system-pixman\ --enable-linux-aio\ --enable-kvm\ --enable-spice\ --enable-uuid\ --enable-usb-redir\ --enable-vhost-net\ --disable-guest-agent \ --target-list=x86_64-softmmu \ --interp-prefix=/etc/qemu-binfmt/%M\ --localstatedir=/var\ --audio-card-list=ac97,es1370,sb16,cs4231a,adlib,gus,hda\ --enable-uname-release=2.6.32\ # list of system (softmmu) targets, from ./configuresystem_targets = x86_64#system_targets = \ #i386x86_64 alpha arm cris lm32 m68k microblaze microblazeel \ #mipsmipsel mips64 mips64el or32 ppc ppcemb ppc64 sh4 sh4eb \ #sparcsparc64 s390x xtensa xtensaeb unicore32 # qemu-system subpackagessys_systems = x86systems = ${sys_systems}sysarch_x86 = $(filter i386 x86_64,${system_targets})#sys_systems = arm mips ppc sparc x86#systems = ${sys_systems} misc#sysarch_arm = $(filter arm,${system_targets})#sysarch_mips= $(filter mips mipsel mips64 mips64el,${system_targets})#sysarch_ppc = $(filter ppc ppc64 ppcemb,${system_targets})#sysarch_sparc = $(filter sparcsparc64,${system_targets})#sysarch_x86 = $(filter i386 x86_64,${system_targets})#sysarch_misc= $(filter-out $(foreachs,${sys_systems},${sysarch_$s}),${system_targets}) ifeq ($(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS),linux) # list of linux-user targets, from./configure#user_targets = \# i386 x86_64 alpha arm armeb cris m68kmicroblaze microblazeel \ #mipsmipsel or32 ppc ppc64 ppc64abi32 sh4 sh4eb sparc sparc64 sparc32plus \# unicore32 s390x # binfmt linux-user support all_binfmt_targets = \ $(patsubstdebian/binfmts/qemu-%,%,$(wildcard debian/binfmts/qemu-*)) # find which targets needs to be filtered out, which isarch-dependent.# Drop support for emulating amd64 on i386,http://bugs.debian.org/604712filter_binfmts = $(shell \ case $(DEB_HOST_ARCH) in \ (amd64 | i386) echo i386x86_64 ;;\#(arm| armel | armhf) echo arm ;;\#(mips| mipsel) echo $(DEB_HOST_ARCH) ;;\ #(powerpc) echo ppc ;;\#(ppc64)echo ppc ppc64 ppc64abi32 ;;\#(s390x)echo s390x ;;\ #(sparc | sparc64) echo sparc sparc32plussparc64 ;;\ esac) binfmt_targets = $(filter-out $(filter_binfmts),$(all_binfmt_targets)) enable_linux_user =--enable-linux-user else enable_linux_user = endif # linux configure-stamp: configure dh_testdir # system build mkdir -p qemu-build&& cd qemu-build && \ ../configure ${common_configure_opts} \ --enable-system--disable-user ${enable_linux_user} \ $(shell shdebian/extract-config-opts \ $(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS)-$(DEB_HOST_ARCH)debian/control) \ $(QEMU_CONFIGURE_OPTIONS) ifeq ($(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS),kfreebsd)# Hack alert.qemu-1.3still needs this.# On recent kFreebsd, old USB host API has been removed,# but qemu did not learn to use new USB API.# Just do not build USB host support. sed -i's/^HOST_USB=bsd/HOST_USB=stub/' \ $(CURDIR)/qemu-build/config-host.makendif ifeq($(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS),linux)# do not usedebian/configure-opts here, all optional stuff will be enabled# automatically,dependencies are already verified in the main build mkdir -p user-static-build && cd user-static-build&& \ ../configure ${common_configure_opts} \ --static --disable-system \ --target-list="$(addsuffix-linux-user,${user_targets})"endif touch $@ build: build-arch build-indepbuild-arch: build-stampbuild-indep: build-stampbuild-stamp: configure-stamp dh_testdir # system build $(MAKE) -C$(CURDIR)/qemu-build dtc -oqemu-build/pc-bios/bamboo.dtb pc-bios/bamboo.dts # special case for spapr-rtas.bin file.# this is an entry point for PPC architecture, which consists ofjust 5# processor instructions. We use a pre-compiled pseudo-assembler version# in debian/spapr-rtas.hex which can be "compiled" usingsed magic.# After "compiling" it this way, we compare with theupstream version,# it should be the same.# Use /usr/bin/printf since dash's printf does not understand\xNN. /usr/bin/printf"$$(sed -n 's|^ .*: \(.*\) .*|\1|p' debian/spapr-rtas.hex | \ tr -d '\n' | sed 's|\(\{2\}\)|\\x\1|g')" > \ qemu-build/pc-bios/spapr-rtas.binifeq ($(DEB_HOST_ARCH),powerpc) $(MAKE) -Cqemu-build/pc-bios/spapr-rtas spapr-rtas.bin cmpqemu-build/pc-bios/spapr-rtas.bin \ qemu-build/pc-bios/spapr-rtas/spapr-rtas.binendif ifeq ($(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS),linux) # user-static build # we use this invocation to build just the binaries $(MAKE) -C $(CURDIR)/user-static-build $(foreacht,${user_targets},subdir-${t}-linux-user)endif touch $@ clean: dh_testdir rm -rf$(CURDIR)/*-build/ rm -f$(CURDIR)/*-stamp find$(CURDIR)/scripts/ -name '*.pyc' -delete || : dh_clean define inst-system for x in postinstprerm; do \ sed 's/@ARCH@/${sysarch_$1}/'debian/qemu-system.$$x-in > debian/qemu-system-$1.$$x.debhelper; \ done mkdir -p debian/qemu-system-$1/usr/share/man/man1debian/qemu-system-$1/usr/bin for t in${sysarch_$1}; do \ mv debian/tmp/usr/bin/qemu-system-$$tdebian/qemu-system-$1/usr/bin/; \ echo ".so man1/qemu.1" >debian/qemu-system-$1/usr/share/man/man1/qemu-system-$$t.1; \ done echosysarch:$1=${sysarch_$1} > debian/qemu-system-$1.substvars echosysprovides:$1=${addprefix qemu-system-,${filter-out $1,${sysarch_$1}}} | \ sed -e 's/ /, /g' -e 'y/_/-/' >>debian/qemu-system-$1.substvars endef install: build-stamp dh_testdir dh_testroot dh_prep dh_installdirs -a # system build $(MAKE) -C$(CURDIR)/qemu-build DESTDIR=$(CURDIR)/debian/tmp install # qemu-systemsubpackages $(foreachs,${systems},$(call inst-system,$s)) ifeq ($(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS),linux) # /usr/bin/kvm compat script. This needs some more work for other arches# How about a manpage for it?ifneq ($(filter $(DEB_HOST_ARCH),amd64 i386),) dh_install-pqemu-system-x86 debian/kvm /usr/bin/ mkdir -pdebian/qemu-kvm/usr/bin ln -s kvm debian/qemu-kvm/usr/bin/kvm-spice ln -sqemu-system-x86_64 debian/qemu-kvm/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64-spice dh_installmodules-pqemu-system-x86endif # virtfs-proxy-helper is linux-specific for f inusr/bin/virtfs-proxy-helper \ usr/share/man/man1/virtfs-proxy-helper.1; do \ mkdir -p debian/qemu-system-common/$${f%/*}; \ mv debian/tmp/$$fdebian/qemu-system-common/$$f ; \ done # qemu-user mkdir -pdebian/qemu-user/usr/bin debian/qemu-user/usr/share/man/man1 for t in${user_targets}; do \ mv debian/tmp/usr/bin/qemu-$$t \ debian/qemu-user/usr/bin; \ ln -s qemu-user.1 \ debian/qemu-user/usr/share/man/man1/qemu-$$t.1; \ done # qemu-user-static mkdir -pdebian/qemu-user-static/usr/bin debian/qemu-user-static/usr/share/man/man1 for t in${user_targets}; do \ cp -puser-static-build/$$t-linux-user/qemu-$$t \ debian/qemu-user-static/usr/bin/qemu-$$t-static; \ ln -s qemu-user-static.1 \ debian/qemu-user-static/usr/share/man/man1/qemu-$$t-static.1 ; \ done # binfmt support for x in postinstprerm; do \ sed's/@BINFMT_TARGETS@/${all_binfmt_targets}/' \ debian/qemu-user-static.$$x-in> debian/qemu-user-static.$$x.debhelper ; \ done mkdir -pdebian/qemu-user-static/usr/share/binfmts install -m 644 -tdebian/qemu-user-static/usr/share/binfmts/ \ $(addprefixdebian/binfmts/qemu-,${binfmt_targets})endif # qemu-ifup is arch-specific install -Ddebian/qemu-ifup.$(DEB_HOST_ARCH_OS) \ debian/qemu-system-common/etc/qemu-ifup dh_install--list-missing dh_installdocs dh_installchangelogsChangelog dh_installudevifneq ($(filter $(DEB_HOST_ARCH),amd64 i386),) dh_installinit-pqemu-system-x86 --no-restart-on-upgrade --error-handler=true--name=qemu-kvmendif dh_installinit -pqemu-guest-agent dh_link dh_strip dh_compress dh_fixperms dh_installdeb dh_shlibdeps dh_gencontrol dh_md5sums dh_builddeb binary-indep: installbinary-arch: installbinary: install .PHONY: build clean binary-indep binary-arch binary install
Qemu编译也需要先安装一堆依赖的第三方库：
dev@xxx:~/workroom/qemu-kvm$ sudo apt-getinstall device-tree-compiler texi2html texinfo libaio-dev libattr1-devlibbluetooth-dev libbrlapi-dev libcap-dev libcap-ng-dev libcurl4-gnutls-devlibfdt-dev libgnutls-dev libncurses5-dev libpulse-dev libsdl1.2-devlibseccomp-dev libxen-dev uuid-dev xfslibs-dev librados-dev librbd-dev
然后安装spice和usbredir，因为我们在qemu的编译选项里加上了对这两个模块的支持：
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ spice $ sudo dpkg –ilibspice-server1_0.12.3-0nocelt1_amd64.deblibspice-server-dev_0.12.3-0n0celt1_amd64.debdev@xxx:~/workroom/ usbredir$ sudo dpkg –i Libusbredirhost1_0.6-2_amd64.deb,libusbredirhost-dev_0.6-2_amd64.deb, libusbredirparser1_0.6-2_amd64.deb,libusbredirparser-dev_0.6-2_amd64.deb, usbredirserver_0.6-2_amd64.deb
依赖包安装完成后开始编译：
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm/qemu-1.4.0+dfsg $ sudo debuild
这次编译没那么顺利，报下面的错误：Unmet build dependencies:libseccomp-dev (>>1.0.0)明明在安装第三方库中已经包含了libseccomp-dev，为什么还报这个错呢，查一下：
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm/qemu-1.4.0+dfsg $ sudo dpkg –l | greplibseccomp-dev结果输出： libseccomp-dev:amd64 0.1.0-1ubuntu1
原来是从ubuntu软件仓库安装的libseccomp-dev版本没有达到qemu-1.4.0的要求，这种情况是常有的。解决的办法是下载 libseccomp-dev符合版本要求的源码和编译安装，这也是为什么有时候我们需要自己编译源码来做维护的原因。https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/libseccomp/1.0.1-2上下载合适的源码，关于libseccomp没有其他依赖，因此不再展开。继续回来编译qemu-kvm
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm/qemu-1.4.0+dfsg $ sudo debuild
如无意外，编译完成，照理编译完的qemu安装包在上一层目录下： 先装上这些deb，下面的libvirt编译中需要它们。
dev@xxx:~/workroom/ qemu-kvm $ sudo dpkg –i *.deb
安装时发现还需要安装vgabios, seabios和ipxe-qemu，在此不展开了。
学习了，谢谢分享、、、 花前月下，不如花钱“日”下!*^_^* 有事秘书干，没事干秘书! 生活***好玩，因为生活老***玩我! 昨天，系花对我笑了一下，乐得我晚上直数羊，一只羊，两只羊，三只羊…… 微机原理闹危机，随机过程随机过，实变函数学十遍，汇编语言不会编！
页:
[1]