subversion(以下简称svn)是近年来崛起的版本管理工具,是cvs的接班人。
svn服务器有2种运行方式:
1. 独立服务器
2. 借助apache。
二种方式各有利弊,可以根据自己的需要进行配置,我不需要Http进行访问,只需要客户端可以Commit & update 就可以,下面是我选择的第一种方式-独立的SVN服务器。
svn存储版本数据也有2种方式:
1. BDB
2. FSFS。
因为BDB方式在服务器中断时,有可能锁住数据(朋友在搞ldap时就深受其害,没法根治),所以还是FSFS方式更安全一点,我也选择这种方式。
我的系统环境:Centos-5.5 + Php-5.3.3 + Nginx-0.8.49 + Mysql-5.5.5m3+subersion-1.6.12
================================================================
============ 以上介绍系统完成,下面开始SVN安装 ==============
================================================================
获取svn安装包,直接切换到root用户进行所有操作:
最新版下载地址:http://subversion.apache.org/
直接到下载页面:http://svn.haxx.se/dev/archive-2010-06/0320.shtml
1
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ wget "http://subversion.tigris.org/downloads/subversion-1.6.12.tar.gz"
2
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ wget "http://subversion.tigris.org/downloads/subversion-deps-1.6.12.tar.gz"
下载完成之后,开始编译:
1
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ tar xfvz subversion-1.6.12.tar.gz
2
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ tar xfvz subversion-deps-1.6.12.tar.gz
3
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ cd subversion-1.6.12
4
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ ./configure -–prefix=/usr/local/svn -–without-berkeley-db
注:以svnserve方式运行,不加apache编译参数。以fsfs格式存储版本库,不编译berkeley-db
如果最后出现下面WARNING,我们直接忽略即可。因为不使用BDB存储。
configure: WARNING: we have configured without BDB filesystem support
You don't seem to have Berkeley DB version 4.0.14 or newer
installed and linked to APR-UTIL. We have created Makefiles which
will build without the Berkeley DB back-end; your repositories will
use FSFS as the default back-end. You can find the latest version of
Berkeley DB here:
http://www.sleepycat.com/download/index.shtml
编译完成之后,开始安装:
1
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ make && make install
如果 make install 出现下面错误:
error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决办法:
01 #1、编辑/etc/ld.so.conf文件:
02
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/ld.so.conf
07 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ /sbin/ldconfig
09 #3、再重新运行make install 问题得到解决。
10
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ make install
12 #注:ld.so.conf和ldconfig用于维护系统动态链接库
测试是否安装成功:
1
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ /usr/local/svn/bin/svnserve --version
如果显示如下,svn安装成功:
svnserve, version 1.6.12 (r955767)
compiled Sep 1 2010, 01:36:17
Copyright (C) 2000-2009 CollabNet.
Subversion is open source software, see http://subversion.tigris.org/
This product includes software developed by CollabNet (http://www.Collab.Net/).
The following repository back-end (FS) modules are available:
* fs_fs : Module for working with a plain file (FSFS) repository.
Cyrus SASL authentication is available.
================================================================
============ 为了方便下操作,下面将SVN的BIN添加到PATH ====================
================================================================
在/etc/profile最后加入 SVN Path 以方便操作:
01 #1、编辑/etc/profile文件,添加PATH
02
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/profile
04
PATH=/usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/svn/bin:$PATH
07
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ source /etc/profile
10
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ echo $PATH
11
/usr/kerberos/sbin:/usr/kerberos/bin:/usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/svn/bin:......
12 #上面已经包含了“/usr/local/svn/bin”,说明已经成功。
更多详细介绍可参考:http://blog.hexu.org/archives/647.shtml
================================================================
============ 以上安装完成,下面开始建立SVN版本库 =============
================================================================
svn版本库可建多个比如:repos,repos1,repos2….:
新建目录和初始化版本库:
2
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ mkdir -p /data/svn/repos
5 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ svnadmin create /data/svn/repos
初始化版本库完成,开始设置配置svnserve.conf:
01
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/svnserve.conf
02 ### This file controls the configuration of the svnserve daemon, if you
03 ### use it to allow access to this repository. (If you only allow
04 ### access through http: and/or file: URLs, then this file is
07 ### Visit http://subversion.tigris.org/ for more information.
10 ### These options control access to the repository for unauthenticated
11 ### and authenticated users. Valid values are "write", "read",
12 ### and "none". The sample settings below are the defaults.
13
anon-access = none # 注意这里必须设置,否则所有用户不用密码就可以访问
15 ### The password-db option controls the location of the password
16 ### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
17 ### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
18 ### this configuration file.
19 ### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
20 ### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
22 ### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
23 ### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path
24 ### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the the
25 ### directory containing this file. If you don't specify an
26 ### authz-db, no path-based access control is done.
27 ### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
29 ### This option specifies the authentication realm of the repository.
30 ### If two repositories have the same authentication realm, they should
31 ### have the same password database, and vice versa. The default realm
32 ### is repository's uuid.
35 ### This option specifies whether you want to use the Cyrus SASL
36 ### library for authentication. Default is false.
37 ### This section will be ignored if svnserve is not built with Cyrus
38 ### SASL support; to check, run 'svnserve --version' and look for a line
39 ### reading 'Cyrus SASL authentication is available.'
41 ### These options specify the desired strength of the security layer
42 ### that you want SASL to provide. 0 means no encryption, 1 means
43 ### integrity-checking only, values larger than 1 are correlated
44 ### to the effective key length for encryption (e.g. 128 means 128-bit
45 ### encryption). The values below are the defaults.
注意:对用户配置文件的修改立即生效,不必重启svn。
初始化版本库完成,开始设置passwd 用户账号信息:
01
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/passwd.
02 ### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
03 ### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
04 ### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
05 ### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
06 # 在下面添加用户和密码,每行一组 username = password
初始化版本库完成,开始设置authz 用户访问权限:
01 ### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
02 ### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
04 ### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
05 ### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
06 ### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
08 ### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
09 ### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
10 ### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
11 ### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
12 ### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
14 ### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
15 ### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
19 # joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
22 # harry_and_sally = harry,sally
23 # harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
30 # [repository:/baz/fuz]
31 # @harry_and_sally = rw
33 #### ==================== 下面我新加的 ==================== ###
35
grp_hexu = tiboo, olinux # grp_hexu 组包括两个用户tiboo, olinux
38
tiboo = # tiboo对根目录没有任何权限
39
olinux = rw # olinux对根目录有读写权限
41
[repos:/hexu.org] # 对repos仓库的hexu.org项目进行权限 限制
42
@grp_hexu = rw # 限制grp_hexu 组对hexu.org项目有读写权限
43
olinux = # 限制olinux所有权限,其它用户有读写权限
45
[repos:/test.org] # 对repos仓库的test.org项目进行权限 限制
46
@grp_hexu = rw # 限制grp_hexu 组对test.org项目有读写权限
47
olinux= r # 限制olinux只有读权限,其它用户有读写权限
其中,1个用户组可以包含1个或多个用户,用户间以逗号分隔。
下面是举例一个最简单的svnserver.conf & passwd & authz配置:
02
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/svnserve.conf
11
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/passwd
18
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /data/svn/repos/conf/authz
启动svn服务器和新建svn用户:
02
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ useradd svn
05
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ chown -R svn:svn /data/svn
08
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ su - svn -c "svnserve -d --listen-port 9999 -r /data/svn"
11
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ps -ef|grep svn
13 svn 6941 1 0 15:07 ? 00:00:00 svnserve -d –listen-port 9999 -r /data/svn
额外说明:
su - svn表示以用户svn的身份启动svn
-d表示以daemon方式(后台运行)运行
–listen-port 9999表示使用9999端口,可以换成你需要的端口。但注意,使用1024以下的端口需要root权限
-r /data/svn 指定SVN服务的根目录是/data/svn
通过web方式访问svn有很多方法,请参阅配置websvn或配置bsSvnBrowser的方法。
好了所有配置完成,可以使用客户端SVN进行操作了。
================================================================
============ 以上介绍SVN版本库完成,下面开始测试 =============
================================================================
服务测试方法 1:
view source
print?
01
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ cd /tmp
02
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ mkdir test
03
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ touch test.txt
04
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ svn import /tmp/test/ file:///usr/local/svndata/repos -m "this is thie first import"
05
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ mkdir -p /tmp/test2
06
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ cd /tmp/test2
07
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ svn co file:///usr/local/svndata/repos /tmp/test2/
09 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ svn co svn://{your-server-ip}:9999/repos/
服务测试方法 2:
1 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ telnet {your-server-ip} 9999 检查端口是不是通的
如果telnet 检查不通,有可能是防火墙(iptables)里面端口没开:
01
[iyunv@hexu.org]$ vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
02 -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -p tcp --dport 9999 -j ACCEPT
05 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ /etc/init.d/iptables restart
07 [iyunv@hexu.org]$ service iptables restart
11 http://blog.iyunv.com/u/33048/showart_2079175.html
13 http://blog.csdn.net/saiya_kwok/archive/2009/02/20/3914294.aspx
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