oracle 12c pdb 恢复

上都海奶茶馆

　　备份数据库
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rman target /
　　RMAN> backup database;
　　RMAN> list backup summary;

• 数据库open状态，系统表空间损坏  -----故障模拟
  

　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL>>　　SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
　　FILE_NAME
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/system01.dbf
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/sysaux01.dbf
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/undotbs01.dbf
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/system01.dbf
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/sysaux01.dbf
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
　　ERROR:
　　ORA-09817: Write to audit file failed.
　　ORA-01075: you are currently logged on
　　故障现象
　　[root@12cr2 opt]# su - oracle
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL>>　　SQL> select file_name from dba_data_files;
　　FILE_NAME
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/system01.dbf
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/sysaux01.dbf
　　/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/undotbs01.dbf

　　SQL> create user test>
　　create user test>　　ERROR at line 1:
　　ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1
　　ORA-01116: error in opening database file 38
　　ORA-01110: data file 38:
　　'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/system01.dbf'
　　ORA-27041: unable to open file
　　SQL> conn / as sysdba

　　SQL>>
　　Pluggable database>
　　SQL>>　　alter pluggable database pdb4 open
　　ERROR at line 1:
　　ORA-01113: file 40 needs media recovery
　　ORA-01110: data file 40:
　　'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/undotbs01.dbf'
　　恢复
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rman target /
　　----可以在下一层指定PDB来进行相关操作，也可以在当前指定PDB进行连接：rman target sys/password@hostname:1521/pdb_name,此时恢复跟11G没多大区别，直接可以restore datafile n,recover datafile n,restore tablespace n,recover tablepace n等等操作。
　　RMAN> restore tablespace pdb4:system;
　　RMAN> restore tablespace pdb4:sysaux;
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:system;
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:sysaux;

　　RMAN>>　　RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
　　RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
　　RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
　　RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 06/11/2017 21:00:12
　　ORA-01113: file 40 needs media recovery
　　ORA-01110: data file 40: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/undotbs01.dbf'
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:UNDOTBS1;

　　RMAN> >

• 数据库关闭状态，普通表空间损坏　　模拟故障
  

　　SQL>>　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/users01.dbf

　　SQL>>　　alter pluggable database pdb4 open
　　ERROR at line 1:

　　ORA-01157: cannot>　　ORA-01110: data file 41: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/users01.dbf'
　　恢复
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rman target /
　　RMAN> restore tablespace pdb4:users;

　　RMAN>>　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:users;

　　RMAN>>

• 数据库open状态，未备份的数据文件恢复　　模拟故障
  

　　SQL> create tablespace users datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/users01.dbf'>
　　SQL> create user test>　　SQL> grant dba to test;
　　SQL> conn test/oracle@192.168.16.81:1521/pdb4
　　SQL> create table test as select * from all_objects where rownum commit;
　　SQL> !rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/users01.dbf
　　故障后的现象
　　SQL> select count(*) from test;
　　SQL> insert into test select * from test;
　　SQL> commit;
　　SQL> insert into test select * from test;
　　SQL> commit;

　　SQL>>　　ERROR at line 1:
　　ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
　　SQL> insert into test select * from test;
　　ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
　　SQL> conn test/oracle@192.168.16.81:1521/pdb4
　　ORA-01033: ORACLE initialization or shutdown in progress
　　SQL> conn / as sysdba
　　SQL> show pdbs;

　　SQL>>
　　ORA-01157: cannot>　　ORA-01110: data file 41: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/users01.dbf'
　　恢复
　　[oracle@12cr2 ~]$ rman target /
　　RMAN>  restore tablespace pdb4:users;
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:users;

　　RMAN>>　　RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
　　RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
　　RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
　　RMAN-03002: failure of sql statement command at 06/11/2017 21:35:30
　　ORA-01113: file 40 needs media recovery
　　ORA-01110: data file 40: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/undotbs01.dbf'
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:UNDOTBS1;

　　RMAN>>　　ORA-01113: file 39 needs media recovery
　　ORA-01110: data file 39: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/sysaux01.dbf'
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:sysaux;

　　RMAN>>　　ORA-01113: file 38 needs media recovery
　　ORA-01110: data file 38: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/zylong/pdb4/pdb4/system01.dbf'
　　RMAN> recover tablespace pdb4:system;
　　如果PDB4没有关闭，可以restore tablespace pdb4:users可能会报错，可以尝试执行以下命令在restore：

　　SQL >>　　recover之后online

　　SQL >>　　4   单个pdb 数据文件修复
　　[oracle@12c pdb01]$ rman target sys/password@hostname:1521/pdb_name
　　RMAN> recover datafile 12;
　　RMAN-06094: datafile 12 must be restored

　　RMAN>>　　RMAN> restore datafile 12;
　　RMAN> recover datafile 12;

　　RMAN>>　　5  单个PDB数据库恢复
　　-----set until time "TO_DATE('2018-06-03 15:00:00','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss')";
　　-----set until SCN = 180000;
　　RMAN>restore pluggable database pdb01;
　　RMAN>recover pluggable database pdb01;
　　[oracle@12c01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL>>