linux 常用命令 全拼

诸5099

　　
　　命令缩写：
　　ls：list(列出目录内容)
　　cd：Change Directory（改变目录）
　　su:switch user 切换用户
　　rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
　　pwd:print work directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
　　ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf
　　ps -auxf 显示进程状态
　　df: disk free其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
　　rpm： 即RedHat Package Management，是RedHat的发明之一
　　rmdir：Remove Directory（删除目录）
　　rm：Remove（删除目录或文件）
　　cat: concatenate连锁 cat file1file2>>file3把文件1和文件2的内容联合起来放到file3中
　　insmod: install module,载入模块
　　ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
　　mkdir：Make Directory(创建目录
　　touch
　　man: Manual
　　pwd：Print working directory
　　su：Swith user
　　cd：Change directory
　　ls：List files
　　ps：Process Status
　　mkdir：Make directory
　　rmdir：Remove directory
　　mkfs: Make file system
　　fsck：File system check
　　cat: Concatenate
　　uname: Unix name
　　df: Disk free
　　du: Disk usage
　　lsmod: List modules
　　mv: Move file
　　rm: Remove file
　　cp: Copy file
　　ln: Link files
　　fg: Foreground
　　bg: Background
　　chown: Change owner
　　chgrp: Change group
　　chmod: Change mode
　　umount: Unmount
　　dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“Convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“CComplier”，所以命名为“dd”
　　tar：Tape archive
　　ldd：List dynamic dependencies
　　insmod：Install module
　　rmmod：Remove module
　　lsmod：List module
　　文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：Resource configuration
　　Knnxxx /Snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：K（Kill）；S(Service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
　　.a（扩展名a）：Archive，static library
　　.so（扩展名so）：Shared object，dynamically linked library
　　.o（扩展名o）：Object file，complied result of C/C++ source file
　　RPM：Red hat package manager
　　dpkg：Debian package manager
　　apt：Advanced package tool（Debian或基于Debian的发行版中提供）
　　部分Linux命令缩写
　　
　　
　　bin = BINaries
　　/dev = DEVices
　　/etc = ETCetera
　　/lib = LIBrary
　　/proc = PROCesses
　　/sbin = Superuser BINaries
　　/tmp = TeMPorary
　　/usr = Unix Shared Resources
　　/var = VARiable ?
　　FIFO = First In, First Out
　　GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
　　IFS = Internal Field Seperators
　　LILO = LInux LOader
　　MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，SQL = Structured QueryLanguage
　　PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP HypertextPreprocessor
　　PS = Prompt String
　　Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" ="Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
　　Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus
　　Tcl = Tool Command Language
　　Tk = ToolKit
　　VT = Video Terminal
　　YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
　　apache = "a patchy" server
　　apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
　　ar = archiver
　　as = assembler
　　awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan"三个作者的姓的第一个字母
　　bash = Bourne Again SHell
　　bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
　　bg = BackGround
　　biff = 作者HeidiStettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。
　　cal = CALendar
　　cat = CATenate
　　cd = Change Directory
　　chgrp = CHange GRouP
　　chmod = CHange MODe
　　chown = CHange OWNer
　　chsh = CHange SHell
　　cmp = compare
　　cobra = Common Object Request BrokerArchitecture
　　comm = common
　　cp = CoPy
　　cpio = CoPy In and Out
　　cpp = C Pre Processor
　　cron = Chronos 希腊文时间
　　cups = Common Unix Printing System
　　cvs = Current Version System
　　daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
　　dc = Desk Calculator
　　dd = Disk Dump
　　df = Disk Free
　　diff = DIFFerence
　　dmesg = diagnostic message
　　du = Disk Usage
　　ed = editor
　　egrep = Extended GREP
　　elf = Extensible Linking Format
　　elm = ELectronic Mail
　　emacs = Editor MACroS
　　eval = EVALuate
　　ex = EXtended
　　exec = EXECute
　　fd = file descriptors
　　fg = ForeGround
　　fgrep = Fixed GREP
　　fmt = format
　　fsck = File System ChecK
　　fstab = FileSystem TABle
　　fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
　　gawk = GNU AWK
　　gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
　　groff = GNU troff
　　hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
　　joe = Joe's Own Editor
　　ksh = Korn SHell
　　lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
　　lex = LEXical analyser
　　lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of IrritatingSuperfluous Parentheses
　　ln = LiNk
　　lpr = Line PRint
　　ls = list
　　lsof = LiSt Open Files
　　m4 = Macro processor Version 4
　　man = MANual pages
　　mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
　　mc = Midnight Commander
　　mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
　　mknod = MaKe NODe
　　motd = Message of The Day
　　mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
　　mtab = Mount TABle
　　mv = MoVe
　　nano = Nano's ANOther editor
　　nawk = New AWK
　　nl = Number of Lines
　　nm = names
　　nohup = No HangUP
　　nroff = New ROFF
　　od = Octal Dump
　　passwd = PASSWorD
　　pg = pager
　　pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
　　pine = "Program for Internet News &Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
　　ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper
　　pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
　　popd = POP Directory
　　pr = pre
　　printf = PRINT Formatted
　　ps = Processes Status
　　pty = pseudo tty
　　pushd = PUSH Directory
　　pwd = Print Working Directory
　　rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell
　　rev = REVerse
　　rm = ReMove
　　rn = Read News
　　roff = RunOFF
　　rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat PackageManager
　　rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote
　　rxvt = ouR XVT
　　seamoneky = 我
　　sed = Stream EDitor
　　seq = SEQuence
　　shar = SHell ARchive
　　slrn = S-Lang rn
　　ssh = Secure SHell
　　ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
　　stty = Set TTY
　　su = Substitute User
　　svn = SubVersioN
　　tar = Tape ARchive
　　tcsh = TENEX C shell
　　tee = T (T形水管接口)
　　telnet = TEminaL over Network
　　termcap = terminal capability
　　terminfo = terminal information
　　tex = τέχνη的缩写，希腊文art
　　tr = traslate
　　troff = Typesetter new ROFF
　　tsort = Topological SORT
　　tty = TeleTypewriter
　　twm = Tom's Window Manager
　　tz = TimeZone
　　udev = Userspace DEV
　　ulimit = User's LIMIT
　　umask = User's MASK
　　uniq = UNIQue
　　vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
　　vim = Vi IMproved
　　wall = write all
　　wc = Word Count
　　wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
　　xargs = eXtended ARGuments
　　xdm = X Display Manager
　　xlfd = X Logical Font Description
　　xmms = X Multimedia System
　　xrdb = X Resources DataBase
　　xwd = X Window Dump
　　yacc = yet another compiler compiler
　　Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
　　su = Switch User
　　MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
　　ECMA = European Computer ManufacturersAssociation